在做一个简易的学生管理系统的时候，我们要先考虑，在这个系统中， 我们需要什么，例如，我们需要一个管理员类来负责管理信息，其次我们需要一个学生的类来存储学生信息，最后我们需要一个系统类来实现各种输入输出的工作。
第一、管理员类
#pragma once
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class Administer
{
private:
string name;//管理员名字
string ID;//管理员ID
string password;//管理员登陆所需的密码
public:
Administer() {}//管理员类的默认构造函数
Administer(string na,string id,string passw);//有参构造函数
string get_id(){return ID;}//得到管理员的ID
string get_name(){return name;}//得到管理员的名字
string get_password(){return password; }//得到管理员的密码
void display();
};//这里是头文件 下面是实现的部分
#include"Administer.h"
Administer::Administer(string na,string id,string passw) :name(na),ID(id),password(passw)
{}//对应上面有参构造函数
void Administer::display()
{
cout<< endl<< "******************" << endl;
cout<< endl<< "* 姓名:" << name;
cout<< endl<< "* 账号:" << ID;
cout<< endl<< "******************" << endl;
}//展示一个页面
第二、学生类
#pragma once
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class Understudent
{
private:
string name;//学生的姓名，ID，密码，成绩，以及性别
string ID;
string password;
float grade;
string sex;
public:
Understudent() {}//默认构造函数
Understudent(string na,string id,string passw,float gra,string s);//有参构造函数
string get_name(){return name;}
string get_id(){return ID;}
string get_password(){return password;}
float get_grade() {return grade; }
string get_sex() {return sex; }
void display();
bool operator == (const Understudent &u)const //注意此处参数必须为const类型，才能与STL中list的内置函数匹配
{
return ID == u.ID;//判==
}
void set_password(string passw)
{
password = passw;//创建密码
}
#include"UnderStudent.h"
Understudent::Understudent(string na,string id,string passw,float gra,string s):name(na),ID(id),password(passw),grade(gra),sex(s)
{}
void Understudent::display()
{
cout<< "******************"<< endl;
cout<< "* 姓名:" << name << endl;
cout<< "* 学号:" << ID < cout<< "* 性别:" << sex < cout<< "* 绩点:" << grade << endl; cout<< "******************"<< endl; } #pragma once #include #include #include"UnderStudent.h" #include"Administer.h" class System { private: listunderst; listad; static int underst_count; static int ad_count; public: virtual void load_interface();//登陆界面 void exit_system();//退出系统 void understudent_functionshow();//学生用户功能界面 void administer_functionshow();//管理员功能界面 void set_ad_account();//设置管理员账户 void enter_ad_account();//管理员身份登陆 void enter_underst_account();//本科生身份登陆 void save_undst();//保存本科生数据 void save_ad();//保存管理员数据 void load_undst();//读取本科生数据 void load_ad();//读取管理员数据 /*管理员功能*/ void input_underst_info();//录入本科生信息 void look_all_underst();//查看所有本科生信息 void look_underst_by_name(string name);//根据姓名查看本科生信息 void look_underst_by_id(string id);//根据ID查看本科生信息 void delete_underst_by_id(string id);//根据ID删除本科生信息 /*本科生功能*/ void change_password(string id);//修改密码 }; #include"System.h" int System::underst_count =0; int System::ad_count =0; //登陆界面 void System::load_interface() { int i; do { system("cls"); load_ad(); load_undst(); cout<< "********************" << endl; cout<< "1)开通管理员账户!" << endl; cout<< "2)管理员身份登陆!" << endl; cout<< "3)本科生身份登陆!" << endl; cout<< "4)退出系统!" << endl; cout<< "********************" << endl; cout<< "请输入操作:"; cin>> i; while (i <1 || i>4) { cout<< "请输入正确的序号!" << endl; cout<< "请重新输入:"; cin>> i; } switch (i) { case 1: set_ad_account(); break; case 2: enter_ad_account(); break; case 3: enter_underst_account(); break; case 4: exit_system(); break; default: break; } //cin.get(); }while (true); } //退出系统 void System::exit_system() { cout<< "****************感谢使用!******************" << endl; exit(0); } //本科生功能界面 void System::understudent_functionshow() { cout<< "***************************" << endl; cout<< "1)查看个人信息" << endl; cout<< "2)修改密码" << endl; cout<< "3)返回上一级菜单!" << endl; cout<< "*****************************" << endl; cout<< "请选择你要进行的操作:"; } //管理员功能界面 void System::administer_functionshow() { cout<< "***************************" << endl; cout<< "1)查看所有学生信息!" << endl; cout<< "2)按姓名查找学生信息!" << endl; cout<< "3)按学号查找学生信息!" << endl; cout<< "4)录入学生信息" << endl; cout<< "5)按学号删除学生信息" << endl; cout<< "6)返回上一级菜单!" << endl; cout<< "*****************************" << endl; cout<< "请选择你要进行的操作:"; } //设置管理员账户 void System::set_ad_account() { string name; string id; string password; string password2; cout<< endl<<"请输入姓名:"; cin>> name; cout<< endl<< "请输入ID:"; cin>> id; cout<< endl<< "请输入密码:"; cin>> password; cout<< endl<< "请再次输入密码:"; cin>> password2; while (password!= password2) { cout<< "两次密码不一致，请再次确认:"; cin>> password2; } Administer adm(name, id, password); ad.push_back(adm); cout<< "开户成功!" << endl; cin.get(); ad_count++; save_ad(); } //管理员身份登陆 void System::enter_ad_account() { string udst_name;//要查询的学生的名字 string udst_id;//要查询学生的ID string id; string passw; list::iterator iter; cout<< "请输入账户:"; cin>> id; int flag =1; for (iter =ad.begin(); iter!= ad.end(); iter++) { if (id== iter->get_id()) { flag =0; break; } } if (flag) { cout<< endl<<"账户不存在!" << endl; return; } cout<< endl<< "请输入密码:"; cin>> passw; while (passw!= iter->get_password()) { cout<< endl<<"密码错误，请重新输入:"; cin>> passw; } cin.get(); int n; do { system("cls"); administer_functionshow(); cin>> n; while (n <1 || n>6) { cout<< "请输入正确的选项:"; cin>> n; } switch (n) { case 1: look_all_underst(); break; case 2: cout<< "请输入要查询学生的名字:"; cin>> udst_name; look_underst_by_name(udst_name); break; case 3: cout<< "请输入要查询学生的ID:"; cin>> udst_id; look_underst_by_id(udst_id); break; case 4: input_underst_info(); break; case 5: cout<< "请输入要删除学生的ID:"; cin>> udst_id; delete_underst_by_id(udst_id); break; case 6: return; break; default: break; } }while (1); } //本科生身份登陆 void System::enter_underst_account() { list::iterator iter; string id; string passw; cout<< "请输入账户:"; cin>> id; int flag =1; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) { if (id== iter->get_id()) { flag =0; break; } } if (flag) { cout<< endl<< "账户不存在!" << endl; return; } cout<< endl<< "请输入密码:"; cin>> passw; while (passw!= iter->get_password()) { cout<< endl<< "密码错误，请重新输入:"; cin>> passw; } int n; do { system("cls"); understudent_functionshow(); cin>> n; while (n <1 || n>3) { cout<< endl<< "请输入正确的操作:"; cin>> n; } system("cls"); switch (n) { case 1: iter->display(); break; case 2: change_password(id); break; case 3: return; break; default: break; } system("pause"); }while (true); } //保存管理员数据 void System::save_ad() { ofstream outfile("administer.dat",ios::out); list::iterator iter; outfile<< ad_count << endl; for (iter =ad.begin(); iter!= ad.end(); iter++) { outfile<< iter->get_name()<< "\t" << iter->get_id()<< "\t" << iter->get_password()<< endl; } outfile.close(); } //保存本科生数据 void System::save_undst() { ofstream outfile("understudent.dat",ios::out); list::iterator iter; outfile<< underst_count << endl; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) { outfile<< iter->get_name()<< "\t" << iter->get_id()<< "\t" << iter->get_password()<< "\t" << iter->get_grade()<< "\t" << iter->get_sex()<< endl; } outfile.close(); } //读取本科生数据 void System::load_undst() { ifstream infile("understudent.dat"); if (!infile) { cout<< "无本科生资料！" << endl; return; } string name; string ID; string password; float grade; string sex; infile>> underst_count;//读取本科生总人数 infile.get(); if (!underst.empty()) underst.clear(); while (!infile.eof() && infile.peek() !=EOF) { infile>> name>> ID>> password>> grade>> sex; Understudent undst(name, ID, password, grade, sex); underst.push_back(undst); infile.get(); } infile.close(); cout<< "读取本科生资料正常。" << endl; } //读取管理员数据 void System::load_ad() { ifstream infile("administer.dat"); if (!infile) { cout<< "无管理员资料!" << endl; return; } string name; string ID; string password; infile>> ad_count;//读取管理员总人数 infile.get(); if (!ad.empty()) ad.clear(); while (!infile.eof()||infile.peek()!=EOF) { infile>> name>> ID>> password; Administer adm(name, ID, password); ad.push_back(adm); infile.get(); } infile.close(); cout<< "读取管理员资料正常。" << endl; } /* 管理员权限： */ //1)查看所有本科生信息 void System::look_all_underst() { system("cls"); if (underst.empty()) { cout<< "无本科生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } list::iterator iter; cout<< "姓名" << "\t" << "ID" << "\t" << "\t" <<"性别" << "\t" << "绩点" << endl; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) cout<< iter->get_name()<< "\t" << iter->get_id()<< "\t" << iter->get_sex()<< "\t" << iter->get_grade()<< endl; cout<< endl<< "学生总人数:" << underst_count << endl; system("pause"); } //2)按姓名查看本科生数据 void System::look_underst_by_name(string udst_name) { system("cls"); if (underst.empty()) { cout<< "无本科生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } list::iterator iter; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) { if (iter->get_name()== udst_name) { cout<< "姓名" << "\t" << "ID" << "\t" << "\t" << "性别" << "\t" << "绩点" << endl; cout<< iter->get_name()<< "\t" << iter->get_id()<< "\t" << iter->get_sex()<< "\t" << iter->get_grade()<< endl; //姓名可以重复，因此遍历所有 } if (iter== --underst.end()) { system("pause"); return; } } cout<< "无该生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } //3）按ID查看本科生数据 void System::look_underst_by_id(string udst_id) { system("cls"); if (underst.empty()) { cout<< "无本科生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } list::iterator iter; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) { if (iter->get_id()==udst_id) { cout<< "姓名" << "\t" << "ID" << "\t" << "\t" << "性别" << "\t" << "绩点" << endl; cout<< iter->get_name()<< "\t" << iter->get_id()<< "\t" << iter->get_sex()<< "\t" << iter->get_grade()<< endl; system("pause"); return;//ID不能有重复 } } cout<< "无该生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } //4)录入本科生信息 void System::input_underst_info() { string name; string ID; string password; float grade; string sex; char s;//是否继续录入flag do { system("cls"); cout<< endl<< "请输入学生姓名:"; cin>> name; cout<< endl<< "请输入学生ID:"; cin>> ID; cout<< endl<< "请输入学生初始密码:"; cin>> password; cout<< endl<< "请输入学生绩点:"; cin>> grade; cout< cin>> sex; Understudent undst(name, ID, password, grade, sex); underst.push_back(undst); underst_count++; cout<< endl<< "是否继续录入?(Y/N)"; cin>> s; while (s !='Y'&&s !='N'&&s !='y'&&s !='n') { cout<< endl<< "请输入正确操作(Y/N):"; cin>> s; } }while (s =='Y'||s=='y'); save_undst(); } //5)按ID删除学生信息 void System::delete_underst_by_id(string udst_id) { system("cls"); if (underst.empty()) { cout<< "无本科生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } list::iterator iter; string name; string ID; string password; float grade; string sex; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) { if (iter->get_id()== udst_id) { name= iter->get_name(); ID= iter->get_id(); password= iter->get_password(); grade = iter->get_grade(); sex= iter->get_sex(); Understudent undst(name, ID, password, grade, sex); underst.remove(undst); underst_count--; cout<< "删除成功!" << endl; system("pause"); save_undst(); return;//ID不能有重复 } } cout<< "无该生数据!" << endl; system("pause"); return; } /* 本科生权限 */ //2)修改密码 void System::change_password(string id) { string password, passw; cout<< "请输入新密码:"; cin>> password; cout< cin>> passw; while (password!= passw) { cout<< endl<<"两次密码不一致，请重新输入:"; cin>> passw; } list::iterator iter; for (iter =underst.begin(); iter!= underst.end(); iter++) { if (iter->get_id()== id) break; } iter->set_password(password); cout<< "修改密码成功!" << endl; save_undst(); } #include"System.h" int main() { System s; s.load_interface(); system("pause"); return 0; }
第三、系统类
第四、主函数实现
