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2019考研英语复习中后期规划:

                                            阅读的复习:

复习内容:

1.真题:具体看后面详细讲解

2. 时文:明天一篇,可以只看中文

3.每日一句:每天看

4.最后六套题:考前做!

真题的使用:

英语一:

2005年到2013真题必须在9月15日前完成。

英语二:

2009年到2013年英语一真题+2010年到2013年英语二真题

要求如下:

1.词汇必须都认识,注意单词的语境含义,以及同义替换。

举例:the American distaste for intellectual pursuits= American anti-intellectualism 

      174句中的:Facebook=the social network=网络巨头

2.句子必须切分,尤其注意“找指代”和“补全信息”()

举例:

2004年真题第四篇文章第三段第一句:

But they could and should be.

这里they指代谁?should be 后面的省略的是什么?

往上一段找才知道:

They= schools

Should be 后面省略的是:a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.

补全就是:

Schools could and should be a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.

根据同义替换可以知道:

Schools could and should be a counterbalance to American anti-intellectualism

学校可以而且应该成为抗衡美国反智主义的力量。

3.每个题目都必须找到答案来源句。(我们不生产答案,我们只做答案的搬运工。)

4.每个题目都要做AB句分析:

A句:答案来源句;作者写的句子;

B句:(题干)+正确选项 ;出题人写的句子;

通过AB句的对照分析,我们就可以知道出题人对于原文的理解是什么样子的,改写的方式是什么,尺度在哪里。

举例:

A句:people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.

B句:Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.

5.自己做错的题需要确定每个错误选项的错误类型。

(1)答非所问(也叫定位错误)

(2)偷换:(①逻辑偷换:因果,主被动,时间,比较,否定)

        (②主干偷换:句子主干,现在分词独立成句后的主干,过去分词独立成句后的主 干;从句的主干)

(3)原文没有提及:① 出现文中元素,但是整体语义和原文无关(也叫拼凑选项)

                  ② 原文中有相应依据,加了may才能对,但是没有加。(也加过度推理)

(4)主题题的错误: ① 没有包含主体词

                    ② 出现了细节(非主体词的名词)

6.复述相关文章段落和句子;(具体任务明天给大家罗列。)

                                      考研英语翻译的五字诀

翻译其实就是两步:

第一步:理解正确

一般而言只要找到主干,切分正确通常理解就正确了。

第二步:表达通顺

在句子理解正确之后如果感觉自己的翻译还是不通顺,一定是下面这五个字出了问题。

加, 减,转,独,调

那就一个字一个字的试,

看看加了词以后是否会更通顺(但是不能改变原来的含义)

减了一些词以后是否会更通顺(但是不能改变原来的含义)

把被动转译为主动是否会更通顺

把主动转译为主动是否会更通顺

把名词转译为动词是否会更通顺

把句子转译为名词是否会更通顺

把一些成分独立为一个句子是否会更通顺

调整一下各部分的语序是否会更通顺

                                            作文的复习

作文主要平衡两个字:Universal (普适性)和relevant (相关性)

我们以2018年考研作文第一段的句子为例:

1.This picture will arouse much attention and great concern on the social media for its informative and thought-provoking implication.

2.This picture will trigger heated discussion among college students for revealing the common dilemma facing many of them.

3.This picture will trigger heated discussion among college students for the common and shared feeling that they are enjoying.

4.This picture may arouse common emotional response from college students and trigger a heated discussion among them.

从颜色上就可以看出区别,第一句都是红的,就是普适性很好,背了一句可以用到几乎所有看图作文中,但是这样相关性就不好了。

第二句和第三句相对而言就好很多了。绿色部分就是相关性的部分,也就是只有这篇文章才能用到的。用到其他地方就不合适的内容。

第四句就把普适性和相关性结合的更好了。

(当然这些句子都有继续提升的空间。)

我们现在可以准备一些红色的部分,因为这是必须写的,就是出题人自己来写,也得写的内容。考试前我们做预测就是预测绿色部分会是什么,并提供多样的替换表达。这样就是相对完美的备考。当然如果你可以自己写,并且确定不会有语法错误。我是推荐你自己写。适当加入一些亮点表达就好。

所以作文现在就是要积累语料了。

我让你们做什么你们就要做什么了!

听将军号令!

                                              完型和新题型       

                                      做完最近十年真题就好!

(因为如果完型和新题型难那么即使复习了也不太会做。)

(如果完型新题型简单那么即使不复习也会做,只要阅读底子上来了。)

(点睛班也会有这两个部分的讲解。)

参考书目:

1真题:

《何凯文考研英语阅读思路解析》

《何凯文考研英语历年真题全解析(英语一)》(含十年真题)

《何凯文考研英语历年真题全解析(英语二)》(含全部九年真题)

2. 时文推荐

《何凯文考研英语时文精析2020版》

(2019考研预测版)(所选文章为2018年的文章)

3.作文推荐:

  《何凯文考研英语写作高分攻略》

4.最后模拟题

《何凯文考研英语绝对考场最后六套题》

参考课程:

1.五夜十篇阅读课

2.点睛班

(去年有用过的同学可以来分享一下感受。)

今天的句子:

如果给你两个选择,一个是现在拿走150元,一个是一年后拿走180元,你会选哪个?大部分人可能会选择150元,而放弃一个月后30元的额外收入。这是因为人们倾向于给予当下的考虑更大的权重,即“现时偏差”。类似的认知偏差有很多,被维基百科收录的就有185种。学者认为,认知偏差是直觉力的不良副产物。一方面人可以通过直觉力快速地根据以往经历和现实情境作出判断,及时规避危险。但直觉力的迅雷不急掩耳之速牺牲了理性,导致人们在无需快速决策时也偷懒,诉诸直觉而非努力思考,掉进各种认知偏差的陷阱。因系统提出逻辑谬误和认知偏差而获得诺贝尔奖的Daniel Kahneman认为,虽然人们在认知测验中可因得到相关训练而提升分数,但本质上这些人性弱点是无法克服的,因为生活不像测验,测验中你一直提防着出题人的坑,越测越敏感,越测分越高;而生活中你的对手是自己,你一直在给自己挖坑,越老越自负,越活越糊涂。

If I had to single out a particular bias as the most pervasive and damaging, it would probably be confirmation bias. That’s the effect that leads us to look for evidence confirming what we already think or suspect, to view facts and ideas we encounter as further confirmation, and to discount or ignore any piece of evidence that seems to support an alternate view. Confirmation bias shows up most blatantly in our current political divide, where each side seems unable to allow that the other side is right about anything. Confirmation bias plays out in lots of other circumstances, sometimes with terrible consequences.

思考题:

“Confirmation bias” was singled out by the author because __.

A. it leads us to ignore opposing views

B. it shows up conspicuously in politics

C. it is bad for reaching logical decisions

D. it is the most widespread and harmful

(参看2000 雄心壮志的文章,互为因果,了解一下。)

词汇突破:

1. pervasive 广泛的

2. confirmation 确认

3. discount打折

4. alternate 其他的

5. blatant 公然的,显眼的

第一句:

If I had to single out a particular bias as the most pervasive and damaging, it would probably be confirmation bias.

切分:

1. If I had to single out a particular bias

2. as the most pervasive and damaging

3. it would probably be confirmation bias

参考译文:

如果必须找出一个最普遍、破坏性最强的特定偏见,可能就是“证实偏差”了。

第二句:

That’s the effect that leads us to look for evidence confirming what we already think or suspect, to view facts and ideas we encounter as further confirmation, and to discount or ignore any piece of evidence that seems to support an alternate view.

切分:

1. That’s the effect

2. that leads us to look for evidence

3. confirming what we already think or suspect,

4. to view facts and ideas…as further confirmation

5. (that) we encounter

6. and to discount or ignore any piece of evidence

7. that seems to support an alternate view.

参考译文:这种偏见导致我们寻找证据支撑已有的想法或质疑,将遇到的事实和想法视为进一步的佐证,并贬损或忽略任何似乎支持其他观点的证据。“

第三句:

Confirmation bias shows up most blatantly in our current political divide, where each side seems unable to allow that the other side is right about anything.

切分:

1. Confirmation bias shows up most blatantly in our current political divide

2. where each side seems unable to allow

3. that the other side is right about anything

参考译文:“证实偏差”鲜明地出现在当下的政治分歧中,双方似乎都无法承认对方有任何对的地方。

第四句:

Confirmation bias plays out in lots of other circumstances, sometimes with terrible consequences.

参考译文:“证实偏差”在许多其他情况下也会发生, 有时会带来可怕的后果。

“Confirmation bias” was singled out by the author because __.

作者为何在这么多认知偏差中把“证实偏差”提出来讲?

A. it leads us to ignore opposing views

B. it shows up conspicuously in politics

C. it is bad for reaching logical decisions

D. it is the most widespread and harmful

原文中的第一句的前半句,我们看到“如果必须找出一个最普遍、破坏性最强的特定偏见的话”,反过来说也就是这个偏差因为是最普遍、最有破坏性的,所以被找出来了。答案是D。

所以你应该是定位错了!

有一种因果叫做隐形因果,没有出现明显的因果词但前后句有因果关系。

明天的句子:

Medium-length or long hair was best—but not too long. Heels and skirts were preferred at trial—but not too high and definitely not too short. But showing up in federal court with bare legs was as unthinkable as showing up drunk. Clothing may seem trivial, but what a woman wears at trial is directly related to her ability to do her job. When impeaching a witness to expose a lie, I would hold incriminating document and shove it in the witness’s face. I had to approach witnesses carefully—because I was balancing on heels.

思考题:

According to the author, why female lawyer’s dressing code is important?

A.It will influence her ability to work.

B.It will be convenient to shove document.

C.It will help lawyer approach the witness.

D.It will avoid the so-called embarrassment.

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