ubuntu安装后续操作

1:经过多次安装偶现两三次vi 命令不看用,建议先卸载vi安装vim
卸载tiny 版本 sudo apt-get remove vim-common
安装full 版本 sudo apt-get install vim
2:修改源文件
2.1 备份原始文件 操作文件前要养成先备份的习惯
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
2.2 修改文件并添加国内源
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
2.3 常见源

Ubuntu 官方源

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#阿里云

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#网易163

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

相关源可以查到很多,不下20次的安装,发现可以将三种源一起追加到 /etc/apt/sources.list 中。
2.4 更新源
sudo apt-get update

3 :刷新系统软件
当源更新完后 这个时候启动 软件更新器 更新软件,有几次未更新源,打开ubuntu软件库,发现半天刷不出软件。故当每次刷系统后,优先更新vim及源

4 :ubuntu 由于经常使用win系统,导致 Ubuntu系统 显示不是很习惯,可以在商城搜索 GNOME Tweaks 和 Dash to Panel
一个是优化显示,一种 是打造 变成win类似系统显示。

5:常用 sudo命令
sudo apt-get update --fix-missing
sudo apt --fix-broken install
sudo apt-get install package 安装软件包
sudo apt-get install package - - reinstall 重新安装软件包
sudo apt-get -f install 修复安装软件包"-f = --fix-missing"
sudo apt-get remove package 删除软件包
sudo apt-get remove package - - purge 删除软件包,包括删除配置文件等
sudo apt-get update 更新源及/etc/apt/sources.list
sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安装的软件包
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升级系统安装的软件包
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade 使用 dselect 升级
sudo apt-get build-dep package 安装相关的编译环境
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理无用的软件包
sudo apt-get check 检查是否有损坏的依赖
apt-cache search package 搜索软件包
apt-cache show package 获取包的相关信息,如说明、大小、版本等
apt-cache depends package 了解使用依赖
apt-cache rdepends package是查看该软件包被哪些软件包依赖

6 : 常见软件安装
可以使用命令安装,但是多次尝试,双击出现详情,在安装。用起来更爽
6.1 搜狗输入法,可以搜索 搜狗 for Linux 。在官网下载。
6.2 其他主流软件,如qq,微信,百度网盘,等请参考
https://www.lulinux.com/archives/1319
本人直接参考
第1步,安装deepin-wine环境:上https://github.com/wszqkzqk/deepin-wine-ubuntu页面下载zip包(或用git方式克隆),解压到本地文件夹,在文件夹中打开终端,输入sudo sh ./install.sh一键安装。
吧文件下载后, 执行 chmod +x install.sh 赋予可执行权限 ,sudo sh ./install.sh 一键安装,超级方便。然后在
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/deepin/pool/non-free/d/
下载相关软件。双击下载。

7: win和Ubuntu双系统,经常出现两个时间不统一
 先在ubuntu下更新一下时间,确保时间无误:
sudo apt-get install ntpdate
sudo ntpdate time.windows.com
  然后将时间更新到硬件上:
sudo hwclock --localtime --systohc

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