在进行WinCe或者Windows Mobile开发中,通常需要把一些任务提交给工作线程(Worker Thread)完成,当worker thread 线程发生状态变更的时候需要通知UI进程刷新UI,比如一个网络连接程序,Worker Thread线程负责管理WiFi,GPRS或者3G等连接,当连接状态发生改变时候,Worker Thread把更新状态通知UI Thread,而UI Thread更新UI通知用户。
这里常常有个疑问,为什么Worker Thread不直接更新UI,这样更简单直接和明了。但是UI刷新不是线程安全(Thread Safe)的,所以Worker Thread直接更新UI会抛出"cross-thread operation not valid"异常。所以需要Thread Safe的通知方法,下面演示更新短语(Message)的方法如下:
Worker Thread Class
class
ConnectionMgr
{
//
Delegate for Message
public
delegate
void
MessageEventHandler(
string
msg);
public
event
MessageEventHandler MessageEvent;
//
the delegate of Message event
private
void
MessageHandler(
string
msg)
{
MessageEventHandler messageEvent
=
MessageEvent;
if
(messageEvent
!=
null
)
{
messageEvent(msg);
}
}
private
void
ConnectHandler()
{
MessageHandler(
"
Connected
"
);
}
private
void
DisconnectHandler()
{
MessageHandler(
"
Disconnected
"
);
}
}
在Worker Thread定义delegate和event供UI Thread注册。当状态发生改变是调用该delegate。
UI Thread
public
partial
class
Form1 : Form
{
public
Form1()
{
//
register the connect event
ConnectionMgr.Instance.MessageEvent
+=
MessageEvent;
}
private
void
MessageEvent(
string
msg)
{
SafeWinFormsThreadDelegate d
=
new
SafeWinFormsThreadDelegate(ShowMessage);
Invoke(d,
new
object
[] { msg} );
}
public
delegate
void
SafeWinFormsThreadDelegate(
string
msg);
private
void
ShowMessage(
string
msg)
{
eventText.Text
=
msg;
}
}
UI Thread通过delegate订阅连接事件,当连接状态发生改变的时候,Worker Thread异步调用void MessageEvent(string msg)。这里调用Invoke方法来进行线程安全的调用。调用参数使用Object[]来传递,因此程序可以传递任何信息,UI可以呈现任何信息只要Worker Thread能提供。
参考文献
Control.Invoke Method in MSDN