On Writing Well-读后

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读完On Writing Well , 从读书方法而言,这本书比较适合用思维导图来记笔记。因为书中的内容比较庞杂,作者阐述的面比较多,用思维导图方便后期整理全书的观点。

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On Writing Well 

读完全文,梳理出来认为对自己有所启发的写作三部曲

第一步,放松心情 (Writing is hard work)

这本书读起来一点都没有教条的刻板脸,充满了humanity 和warmth 。 从第一章开始就缓解了读者对于写作的不安。当我们一本正经诚惶诚恐准备接受教科书式的刻板洗礼时,作者Zinsser一脸慈祥,温情脉脉,告诉我们放松心情,因为写作本身就是难事;写作不是一蹴即就,放松心情,享受过程就好(release from immediacy);当我读到Be yourself , Forget the competition and go at your own pace . Your only contest is with yourself. 心情真的放松很多。参加读书群,找到自己的pace就好,不必为了追赶别人和自己死磕。放松才更容易找到状态。

第二步,Think clearly and think small

想清楚才能写清楚 , 动笔之前首先要搞清楚文章的逻辑。Clear thinking becomes clear writing ;one can't exist without the other .It 's impossible for a muddy thinker to write good English . 

Thinking clearly is a conscious act that writers must force on themselves . 

对于处理一些内容庞杂,涉及面广的话题,没有头绪,也不妨从小处着手。例如作者在写家史一章就反复提到Think small 。 从小处开始,每天写一点,过一段时间再去整理,会慢慢理出头绪。 Think small 对我的启示就是不要因为没有一个完美的计划而给自己找借口,先慢慢地,一点一点做起来,做中学,学中做,做的过程中说不定就会找到灵感。

第三步,开始写作

首先,牢记simplicity 、humanity 、warmth的原则。

简洁有力: the secret of good writing is to strip every sentence to its cleanest components . 

信息时代,我们每天被各种各样的信息包围,一看到繁冗庞杂的信息,大多会逃之夭夭。所以文章要力求简洁,常问自己,what am I trying to say ? Is it clear to someone encountering the subject for the first time ?

humanity and warmth 我理解为写出有温度的,可以引发读者共鸣,传递能量的文字。做到这一点,首先 be yourself 。在文中作者提到一种方法,从第一人称“我”的角度去思考叙事,Relax and say what you want to say . 

You are writing primarily to please yourself ,and if you go about it with enjoyment you will also entertain the readers who are worth writing for . 

悦己方可悦人,将人情味付诸笔端,相信感动自己的真情流露也可以感动他人。 

其次,如何遣词造句?—— 善模仿、常用典、注韵律

在Peak(刻意练习)中也提到学习过程就是找到高手的Mental Representaton进行模仿。写作亦是如此,大胆模仿,吸收借鉴。

Find the best writers in the fields that interest you and read their work aloud . Get their voice and their taste into your ear— their attitude toward laguage . Don't worry that by imitating them you 'll lose your own voice and your own identity . Soon enough you will shed those skins and become who you are supposed to become . 

用词选词方面,多查字典,避免陈词滥调(cheap words and cliches);因为读者潜意识中在“听”文章,所以要注意文字的韵律。

最后,重写是文章呈现文采的重要步骤(Rewriting is the essence of writing

文章完成后,还要不断的修改推敲,才能让文章日臻完善。作者还教给我们很实用的“括号法” ,将句子中的成分加上括号,看看是否出现不必要的介词、重复的副词或形容词、可以去掉的短语等等。

坦白说,读完一遍也只是抓了些皮毛。但对我而言,这不仅仅是一本写作书。心情烦躁的时候,拿出来读读能平复心情,例如读读Audience, Style等章节 。虽然是在讲写作,但是满满的生活哲理。人生如写作,写作如人生。 A fundamental rule is : be yourself .不做作,做自己。你若盛开,清风自来......

人生如同写作,每一次追问都在倾听内心的声音, quest之中发掘每一个闪光之处。带着朝圣,追寻的心情,旅途会变得灵动而多彩。

Any time you can tell a story in the form of a quest or a pilgrimage you 'll be ahead of the game .

每一次努力都是为了更好,精于细节,潜心涤虑。 No writing decision is too small to be worth a large expenditure of time .

I was primarily interested in the process ,not the product .享受过程,大胆去做吧。

沉浸徜徉在暖暖的文字当中,学写作,学做人。 

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