PHP操作Excel

本次主要讲解PHP通过PHPExcel来操作excel，主要针对的人群是PHP新手或者急需要使用PHPExcel来操作excel的人群。

下载PHPExcel

首先需要从PHPExcel官网下载PHPExcel的源码包，虽然也可以通过百度搜索其他途径下载，但是我们最好还是从官网下载，毕竟是官方的。

使用PHPExcel

在使用PHPExcel时我们需要引入PHPExcel文件，我们需要把下载到的PHPExcel源码复制到本地目录下，结构如下图

接下来我们就要开始引入PHPExcel主文件了，也就是PHPExcel.php文件。

我们来看下PHPExcel类是什么样的一个结构，代码很长我就不贴代码了，截图如下

PHPExcel.php文件中主要就是写了PHPExcel这个类，而我们要操作Excel也是通过这个类的变量来操作的。

读取Excel

load("demo.xlsx");

//通过excel文件对象获取里面所有的表
$sheets = $objPHPExcel->getAllSheets();

//通过excel文件对象获取里面第一张的表
$singleSheet = $objPHPExcel->getSheet(0);
echo '
';
foreach($sheets as $item){
    echo $item->getTitle();
    echo '
';
}
echo $singleSheet->getTitle();
?>
 
 
上述代码就是通过最简单的方式读取Excel文件并输出里面所有sheet的名称以及第一个sheet的名称。
 通过获取到的sheet我们就可以对sheet里面的单元格进行操作了，对于sheet的读取操作我们这里就不讲了，有兴趣的同学可以查看PHPExcel根目录下的Classes底下的WorkSheet.php文件，里面有许多方法可以调用，大家可以等会学了Write之后再进行试验查看下效果。
 
 
写入PHPExcel
 
 
getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");  
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");  
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");  
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");  
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");  
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");  
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");  
  
//Add some data 添加数据  
//设置第一个sheet为正在活动的sheet，PHPExcel自带一个sheet所以我们不需要创建sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
//设置指定单元格数据
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A2', true);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A3', false);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B2', 'world!');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B3', 2);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C1', 'Hello');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D2', 'world!');  
  
//循环  
for($i = 1;$i<200;$i++) {  
    $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A' . $i, $i);  
    $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B' . $i, 'this is test demo');  
}  
//Create a new worksheet, after the default sheet 创建新的工作标签  
$objPHPExcel->createSheet();  
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(1);  
  
//Set header and footer. When no different headers for odd/even are used, odd header is assumed. 页眉页脚  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getHeaderFooter()->setOddHeader('&C&HPlease treat this document as confidential!');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getHeaderFooter()->setOddFooter('&L&B' . $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->getTitle() . '&RPage &P of &N');  
  
//Set page orientation and size 方向大小  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setOrientation(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setPaperSize(PHPExcel_Worksheet_PageSetup::PAPERSIZE_A4);  
  
//Rename sheet 重命名工作表标签  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple');

//设置第一个sheet为正在活动的sheet，当打开Excel文件时会默认打开第一个sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
  
//Save Excel 2007 file 保存
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
$objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xlsx', __FILE__));
  
//1.6.2新版保存  
require_once('PHPExcel/Classes/PHPExcel/IOFactory.php');
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, 'Excel2007');
$objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xls', __FILE__));

?>
 
 
上述代码就是通过PHPExcel来创建一个Excel文件且往里面填入相应的数据，我们来看下第一段代码，第一段代码就是引入了PHPExcel.php及Excel2007.php文件，并实例化PHPExcel类。第二段代码就是在我们的PHPExcel对象上设置相应的属性，这里说明下，Excel被读取之后返回给我们的就是一个PHPExcel对象，我们在这里设置PHPExcel对象的属性其实就是设置接下来生成的Excel文件的属性，能在右键属性中查看到的那部分信息。
 我们再来看最后两段代码，值得一说的是在PHPExcel1.6.2版本开始支持通过依赖注入来获取写操作柄进行保存文件。
 除此之外PHPExcel还支持写入时间数值，注释，设置文字样式，单元格样式，图标等等。具体代码如下：
 
 
getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D1', time());
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D1')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_DATE_YYYYMMDDSLASH);  
  
//Add comment 添加注释  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->setAuthor('PHPExcel');  
$objCommentRichText = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->getText()->createTextRun('PHPExcel:');  
$objCommentRichText->getFont()->setBold(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->getText()->createTextRun("\r\n");  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getComment('E11')->getText()->createTextRun('Total amount on the current invoice, excluding VAT.');   
  
//Merge cells 合并分离单元格  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells('A18:E22');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->unmergeCells('A18:E22');  
  
//Protect cells 保护单元格  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true);//Needs to be set to true in order to enable any worksheet protection!  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->protectCells('A3:E13', 'PHPExcel');  
  
//Set cell number formats 数字格式化  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->duplicateStyle( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4'), 'E5:E13' );  
  
//Set column widths 设置列宽度  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setWidth(12);  
  
//Set fonts 设置字体  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setName('Candara');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSize(20);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setBold(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setUnderline(PHPExcel_Style_Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);  
  
//Set alignments 设置对齐  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D11')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setVertical(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A3')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true);  
  
//Set column borders 设置列边框  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A10')->getBorders()->getLeft()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E10')->getBorders()->getRight()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THICK);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THICK);  
  
//Set border colors 设置边框颜色  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getRight()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');  
  
//Set fills 设置填充  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');  
  
//Add a hyperlink to the sheet 添加链接  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('E26', 'www.phpexcel.net');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('E26')->getHyperlink()->setUrl('http://www.phpexcel.net');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('E26')->getHyperlink()->setTooltip('Navigate to website');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E26')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);  
  
//Add a drawing to the worksheet 添加图片  
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();  
$objDrawing->setName('Logo');  
$objDrawing->setDescription('Logo');  
$objDrawing->setPath('./demoPage2.png');  
$objDrawing->setHeight(36);  
$objDrawing->setCoordinates('B15');  
$objDrawing->setOffsetX(110);  
$objDrawing->setRotation(25);  
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true);  
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setDirection(45);  
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());  
  
//Play around with inserting and removing rows and columns  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->insertNewRowBefore(6, 10);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->removeRow(6, 10);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->insertNewColumnBefore('E', 5);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->removeColumn('E', 5);  
  
//Add conditional formatting  
$objConditional1 = new PHPExcel_Style_Conditional();  
$objConditional1->setConditionType(PHPExcel_Style_Conditional::CONDITION_CELLIS);  
$objConditional1->setOperatorType(PHPExcel_Style_Conditional::OPERATOR_LESSTHAN);  
$objConditional1->setCondition('0');  
$objConditional1->getStyle()->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_RED);  
$objConditional1->getStyle()->getFont()->setBold(true);  
  
//Set autofilter 自动过滤  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setAutoFilter('A1:C9');  
  
//Hide "Phone" and "fax" column 隐藏列  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('C')->setVisible(false);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setVisible(false);  
  
//Set document security 设置文档安全  
$objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setLockWindows(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setLockStructure(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getSecurity()->setWorkbookPassword("PHPExcel");  
  
//Set sheet security 设置工作表安全  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setPassword('PHPExcel');  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true);// This should be enabled in order to enable any of the following!  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSort(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setInsertRows(true);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setFormatCells(true);  
  
//计算  
echo 'Value of B14 [=COUNT(B2:B12)]: ' . $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B14')->getCalculatedValue() . "\r\n";  
  
//Set outline levels  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('E')->setOutlineLevel(1);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('E')->setVisible(false);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('E')->setCollapsed(true);  
  
//Freeze panes  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->freezePane('A2');  
  
//Rows to repeat at top  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getPageSetup()->setRowsToRepeatAtTopByStartAndEnd(1, 1);  
  
//验证输入值  
$objValidation = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B3')->getDataValidation();  
$objValidation->setType( PHPExcel_Cell_DataValidation::TYPE_WHOLE );  
$objValidation->setErrorStyle( PHPExcel_Cell_DataValidation::STYLE_STOP );  
$objValidation->setAllowBlank(true);  
$objValidation->setShowInputMessage(true);  
$objValidation->setShowErrorMessage(true);  
$objValidation->setErrorTitle('Input error');  
$objValidation->setError('Number is not allowed!');  
$objValidation->setPromptTitle('Allowed input');  
$objValidation->setPrompt('Only numbers between 10 and 20 are allowed.');  
$objValidation->setFormula1(10);  
$objValidation->setFormula2(20);  
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B3')->setDataValidation($objValidation); 

?>  
 
 
大家加油！