"""
####################################################################################
Test: "python ...\Tools\visitor.py dir testmask [string]". Uses classes and
subclasses to wrap some of the details of os.walk call usage to walk and search;
testmask is an integer bitmask with 1 bit per available self-test; see also:
visitor_*/.py subclasses use cases; frameworks should generally use__X pseudo
private names, but all names here are exported for use in subclasses and clients;
redefine reset to support multiple independent walks that require subclass updates;
####################################################################################
"""
import os, sys
class FileVisitor:
"""
Visits all nondirectory files below startDir (default '.');
override visit* methods to provide custom file/dir handlers;
context arg/attribute is optional subclass-specific state;
trace switch: 0 is silent, 1 is directories, 2 adds files
"""
def init(self, context=None, trace=2):
self.fcount = 0
self.dcount = 0
self.context = context
self.trace = trace
def run(self, startDir=os.curdir, reset=True):
if reset: self.reset()
for (thisDir, dirsHere, filesHere) in os.walk(startDir):
self.visitdir(thisDir)
for fname in filesHere: # for non-dir files
fpath = os.path.join(thisDir, fname) # fnames have no path
self.visitfile(fpath)
def reset(self): # to reuse walker
self.fcount = self.dcount = 0 # for independent walks
def visitdir(self, dirpath): # called for each dir
self.dcount += 1 # override or extend me
if self.trace > 0: print(dirpath, '...')
def visitfile(self, filepath): # called for each file
self.fcount += 1 # override or extend me
if self.trace > 1: print(self.fcount, '=>', filepath)
class SearchVisitor(FileVisitor):
"""
Search files at and below startDir for a string;
subclass: redefine visitmatch, extension lists, candidate as needed;
subclasses can use testexts to specify file types to search (but can
also redefine candidate to use mimetypes for text content: see ahead)
"""
skipexts = []
testexts = ['.txt', '.py', '.pyw', '.html', '.c', '.h'] # search these exts
skipexts = ['.gif', '.jpg', '.pyc', '.o', '.a', '.exe'] # or skip these exts
def __init__(self, searchkey, trace=2):
FileVisitor.__init__(self, searchkey, trace)
self.scount = 0
def reset(self): # on independent walks
self.scount = 0
def candidate(self, fname): # redef for mimetypes
ext = os.path.splitext(fname)[1]
if self.testexts:
return ext in self.testexts # in test list
else: # or not in skip list
return ext not in self.skipexts
def visitfile(self, fname): # test for a match
FileVisitor.visitfile(self, fname)
if not self.candidate(fname):
if self.trace > 0: print('Skipping', fname)
else:
text = open(fname).read() # 'rb' if undecodable
if self.context in text: # or text.find() != -1
self.visitmatch(fname, text)
self.scount += 1
def visitmatch(self, fname, text): # process a match
print('%s has %s' % (fname, self.context)) # override me lower
if name == 'main':
# self-test logic
dolist = 1
dosearch = 2 # 3=do list and search
donext = 4 # when next test added
def selftest(testmask):
if testmask & dolist:
visitor = FileVisitor(trace=2)
visitor.run(sys.argv[2])
print('Visited %d files and %d dirs' % (visitor.fcount, visitor.dcount))
if testmask & dosearch:
visitor = SearchVisitor(sys.argv[3], trace=0)
visitor.run(sys.argv[2])
print('Found in %d files, visited %d' % (visitor.scount, visitor.fcount))
selftest(int(sys.argv[1])) # e.g., 3 = dolist | dosearch
遍历后，符号条件的文件，打开编辑
"""
Use: "python ...\Tools\visitor_edit.py string rootdir?".
Add auto-editor startup to SearchVisitor in an external subclass component;
Automatically pops up an editor on each file containing string as it traverses;
can also use editor='edit' or 'notepad' on Windows; to use texteditor from
later in the book, try r'python Gui\TextEditor\textEditor.py'; could also
send a search command to go to the first match on start in some editors;
"""
import os, sys
from visitor import SearchVisitor
class EditVisitor(SearchVisitor):
"""
edit files at and below startDir having string
"""
editor = r'C:\cygwin\bin\vim-nox.exe' # ymmv!
def visitmatch(self, fpathname, text):
os.system('%s %s' % (self.editor, fpathname))
if name == 'main':
visitor = EditVisitor(sys.argv[1])
visitor.run('.' if len(sys.argv) < 3 else sys.argv[2])
print('Edited %d files, visited %d' % (visitor.scount, visitor.fcount))
替换
"""
Use: "python ...\Tools\visitor_replace.py rootdir fromStr toStr".
Does global search-and-replace in all files in a directory tree: replaces
fromStr with toStr in all text files; this is powerful but dangerous!!
visitor_edit.py runs an editor for you to verify and make changes, and so
is safer; use visitor_collect.py to simply collect matched files list;
listonly mode here is similar to both SearchVisitor and CollectVisitor;
"""
import sys
from visitor import SearchVisitor
class ReplaceVisitor(SearchVisitor):
"""
Change fromStr to toStr in files at and below startDir;
files changed available in obj.changed list after a run
"""
def init(self, fromStr, toStr, listOnly=False, trace=0):
self.changed = []
self.toStr = toStr
self.listOnly = listOnly
SearchVisitor.init(self, fromStr, trace)
def visitmatch(self, fname, text):
self.changed.append(fname)
if not self.listOnly:
fromStr, toStr = self.context, self.toStr
text = text.replace(fromStr, toStr)
open(fname, 'w').write(text)
if name == 'main':
listonly = input('List only?') == 'y'
visitor = ReplaceVisitor(sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3], listonly)
if listonly or input('Proceed with changes?') == 'y':
visitor.run(startDir=sys.argv[1])
action = 'Changed' if not listonly else 'Found'
print('Visited %d files' % visitor.fcount)
print(action, '%d files:' % len(visitor.changed))
for fname in visitor.changed: print(fname)