1.motion n/verb
the action or process of moving or being moved.
the laws of planetary motion
同义词: movement, moving, locomotion, rise and fall, shifting, progress, passage, passing, transit, course, travel, traveling
a formal proposal put to a legislature or committee.
the head of our commission made a motion that we rewrite the constitution
同义词: proposal, proposition, recommendation, suggestion
direct or command (someone) with a movement of the hand or head.
he motioned Dennis to a plush chair
同义词: gesture, signal, direct, indicate, wave, beckon, nod, gesticulate
make a proposal in a deliberative or legislative body.
she recognized the majority leader, who motioned that the body adjourn
2.force n.
strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.
he was thrown backward by the force of the explosion
同义词: strength, power, energy, might, effort, exertion, impact, pressure, weight, impetus
coercion or compulsion, especially with the use or threat of violence.
they ruled by law and not by force
同义词: coercion, compulsion, constraint, duress, oppression, harassment, intimidation, threats, arm-twisting, bullying tactics
mental or moral strength or power.
the force of popular opinion
an organized body of military personnel or police.
a soldier in a UN peacekeeping force
同义词: body, body of people, group, outfit, party, team, detachment, unit, squad, border patrol, bunch
a force-out.
The force was not in order, but Santo thinking he had been retired, started toward the dugout.
动词
make a way through or into by physical strength; break open by force.
they broke into Fred's house and forced every cupboard door with ax or crowbar
同义词: break open, burst open, knock down, smash down
impulse n.
a sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act.
I had an almost irresistible impulse to giggle
同义词: urge, instinct, drive, compulsion, itch, whim, desire, fancy, notion, inclination, temptation
a driving or motivating force; an impetus.
an added impulse to this process of renewal
同义词: inspiration, stimulation, stimulus, incitement, motivation, encouragement, incentive, spur, catalyst, impetus, thrust
a pulse of electrical energy; a brief current.
nerve impulses
同义词: pulse, current, wave, signal
a force acting briefly on a body and producing a finite change of momentum.
This will open the door for the realization that man exists within a huge field of gravitational and magnetic impulses .demonstrated verb
clearly show the existence or truth of (something) by giving proof or evidence.
their shameful silence demonstrates their ineptitude
同义词: reveal, bespeak, indicate, signify, signal, denote, show, display, exhibit, bear witness to, testify to, imply, intimate, give away
take part in a public demonstration.
thousands demonstrated in favor of the government
同义词: protest, rally, march, stage a sit-in, picket, strike, walk out, mutiny
5.equivalent adj/n
equal in value, amount, function, meaning, etc..
one unit is equivalent to one glass of wine
同义词: equal, identical, same, similar, comparable, corresponding, analogous, homologous, commensurate, parallel, synonymous, approximate, near
a person or thing that is equal to or corresponds with another in value, amount, function, meaning, etc..
the French equivalent of the FBI
同义词: counterpart, parallel, alternative, match, analog, twin, clone, opposite
- slope n/v
a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another; a rising or falling surface.
he slithered helplessly down the slope
a person from Asia, especially Vietnam or elsewhere in Southeast Asia.
动词
(of a surface or line) be inclined from a horizontal or vertical line; slant up or down.
the garden sloped down to a stream
同义词: slant, incline, tilt, drop away, fall away, decline, descend, shelve
7.vertically adv
not tall in height; short.
A trick for those vertically challenged is to go with a shorter cuff, about ¾ of an inch.
8.proportional adj
corresponding in size or amount to something else.
the punishment should be proportional to the crime
同义词: corresponding, proportionate, comparable, in proportion, pro rata
9.mass adj/n/v
relating to, done by, or affecting large numbers of people or things.
the movie has mass appeal
同义词: widespread, general, wholesale, universal, large-scale, extensive, pandemic
a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape.
a mass of curly hair
同义词: pile, heap, accumulation, aggregation, accretion, concretion, buildup, batch, wad
the majority of.
the great mass of the population had little interest in the project
同义词: majority, greater part/number, best/better part, major part, bulk, main body, lion's share, most
the quantity of matter that a body contains, as measured by its acceleration under a given force or by the force exerted on it by a gravitational field.
Every object with mass exerts a gravitational force.
assemble or cause to assemble into a mass or as one body.
both countries began massing troops in the region
同义词: assemble, marshal, gather together, muster, round up, mobilize, rally
the Christian Eucharist or Holy Communion, especially in the Roman Catholic Church.
we went to Mass
同义词: Eucharist, Holy Communion, Communion, service, liturgy
10.elliptical adj
(of speech or writing) using or involving ----ellipsis, especially so as to be difficult to understand.
an elliptical lyrical style
同义词: cryptic, abstruse, ambiguous, obscure, oblique, Delphic, terse
- rotation adj
the action of rotating around an axis or center.
the moon moves in the same direction as the earth's rotation
同义词: revolving, turning, spinning, gyration, circling; turn, revolution
12.stub
the truncated remnant of a pencil, cigarette, or similar-shaped object after use.
Working by candlelight with the stub of his last pencil, he finally achieved the transformation of a humble o into the majestic 0.
同义词: butt, (tail) end; stump, remnant, (tail) end
the part of a check, receipt, ticket, or other document torn off and kept as a record.
You can use ticket stubs or ribbons or receipts or photos or envelopes or napkins to mark your place in books.
同义词: counterfoil, ticket slip, tab
动词
accidentally strike (one's toe) against something.
I stubbed my toe, swore, and tripped
13.unambiguously adv
同义词uniquely/unequivocally
14.commonsense n.
good sense and sound judgment in practical matters.
use your common sense
同义词: good sense, sense, native wit, sensibleness, judgment,
15.notion n.
a conception of or belief about something.
children have different notions about the roles of their parents
同义词: idea, belief, conviction, opinion, view, thought, impression, perception, hypothesis, theory, feeling, funny feeling, suspicion, sneaking suspicion, hunch; understanding, idea, awareness, knowledge, clue, inkling
an impulse or desire, especially one of a whimsical kind.
she had a notion to call her friend at work
同义词: impulse, inclination, whim, desire, wish, fancy
items used in sewing, such as buttons, pins, and hooks.
Store small notions , such as buttons, pins and snaps, in empty film containers, pill bottles or baby food jars.
16.comparatively adv.
to a moderate degree as compared to something else; relatively.
inflation was comparatively low
17.ultraviolet n,
(of electromagnetic radiation) having a wavelength shorter than that of the violet end of the visible spectrum but longer than that of X-rays.
Diode lasers are now available in discrete colors from the infrared to blue and into the near ultraviolet .
the ultraviolet part of the spectrum; ultraviolet radiation.
Once CFCs are released into the atmosphere, only strong ultraviolet radiation can break them down
18.notably adv
especially; in particular.
a diet low in animal fat protects against potentially fatal diseases, notably diabetes
同义词: remarkably, especially, specially, very, extremely, exceptionally19. postulate
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equivalence n.
the condition of being equal or equivalent in value, worth, function, etc..
The Court began by setting out the principle of national procedural autonomy, as qualified by the conditions of equivalence and practical possibility.
同义词: equality, sameness, interchangeability, comparability
图片发自App
读书笔记：
只想说对于这篇文章真的没看懂什么，只能了解个大概，认识到时空之间的关系。这主要原因也在于自己每天花的时间不够，没有用心。
从中可以感受到科学理论的不断前进，这也就可以联系到topic1的主题；还体会到作者严密的逻辑论证，每有一个理论提出，都会有例子举出来。在听了安妮老师的讲解之后，也懂得了一些词语的用法，如down the track沿着铁轨等。
只能说可以有这种阅读机会还是挺幸运的，就是可惜自身积累太薄弱了。