关于NSArray排序之sortedArrayUsingSelector:

前言: 最近项目中用到了数组排序的问题,并不是简单的根据某个指定的key进行排序,于是百度了许多资料,发现了一篇好文章,在此整理了一下,分享给大家,原文地址:https://my.oschina.net/pengloo53/blog/173810

摘要: 总结OC中数组排序3种方法:

sortedArrayUsingSelector:
sortedArrayUsingComparator:
sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:

大体上,OC中常用的数组排序有以上几种方法:

1、简单排序(sortedArrayUsingSelector:)

如果只是对字符串的排序,可以利用sortedArrayUsingSelector:方法就可以了,代码如下

//简单排序
void sortArray1() { 
        NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc",@"456",@"123",@"789",@"ef", nil];
        NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)]; NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
}

当然,除了利用字符串自带的compare:方法,也可以自己写compare:方法,进行对象的比较;
如下:
首先是新建了Person类,实现方法如下(头文件就省了):

#import "Person.h"
@implementation Person
//直接实现静态方法,获取带有name和age的Person对象
+ (Person *)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name{ 

       Person *person = [[Person alloc] init]; 
       person.age = age; 
       person.name = name; 
       return person;
}
//自定义排序方法
- (NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(Person *)person{ 
      //默认按年龄排序 
      NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age]];
      //注意:基本数据类型要进行数据转换 
      //如果年龄一样,就按照名字排序 
      if (result == NSOrderedSame) { 
           result = [self.name compare:person.name]; 
      } 
      return result;
}
@end

主函数代码如下:
void sortArray2(){ 
       Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan"]; 
       Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"lisi"];
       Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"wangwu"]; 
       Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"liwu"]; 
       Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"liwu"]; 
       NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil]; 
       NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)]; 
       NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
}

2、利用block语法(sortedArrayUsingComparator:)

苹果官方提供了block语法,比较方便。其中数组排序可以用sortedArrayUsingComparator:方法,代码如下:

void sortArray3(){ 
      NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1bc",@"4b6",@"123",@"789",@"3ef", nil]; 
      NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) { 
           //这里的代码可以参照上面compare:默认的排序方法,也可以把自定义的方法写在这里,给对象排序 
           NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 compare:obj2]; 
           return result; 
      }]; 
      NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
}

3、高级排序(sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:)

如果是这样一种情况呢?Person类里有另外一个类的变量,比如说Person类除了name,age变量,还有一辆车Car类型,Car类里有个name属性。对Person对象进行排序,有这样的要求:按照Car的name排序,如果是同一辆车,也就是Car的name相同,那么再按照年龄进行排序,如果年龄也相同,最后按照Person的name进行排序。
上面这样就要使用第三种方法,利用排序描述器,不多说,有兴趣可以看看API介绍。代码如下:
首先写个Car类,实现类Car.m代码如下:

#import "Car.h"
@implementation Car
+ (Car *)initWithName:(NSString *)name{ 
       Car *car = [Car alloc] init]; 
       car.name = name; 
       return car;
}
@end

然后改写Person类,实现类Person.m代码如下:

#import "Person.h"
#import "Car.h"
@implementation Person
+ (Person *)personWithAge:(int)age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car { 
      Person *person = [[Person alloc] init]; 
      person.age = age; 
      person.name = name; 
      person.car = car; 
      return person;
}
//这里重写description方法,用于最后测试排序结果显示
- (NSString *)description { 
      return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age is %zi , name is %@, car is %@",_age,_name,_car.name];
}
@end

主函数代码如下:

void sortArray4(){ 
    //首先来3辆车,分别是奥迪、劳斯莱斯、宝马 
    Car *car1 = [Car initWithName:@"Audio"]; 
    Car *car2 = [Car initWithName:@"Rolls-Royce"]; 
    Car *car3 = [Car initWithName:@"BMW"]; 
    //再来5个Person,每人送辆车,分别为car2、car1、car1、car3、car2 
    Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car2]; 
    Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car1]; 
    Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"lisi" withCar:car1]; 
    Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car3]; 
    Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car2]; 
    //加入数组 
    NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil]; 
    //构建排序描述器 
    NSSortDescriptor *carNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"car.name" ascending:YES];
    NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES]; 
    NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES]; 
    //把排序描述器放进数组里,放入的顺序就是你想要排序的顺序 
    //我这里是:首先按照年龄排序,然后是车的名字,最后是按照人的名字 
    NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,carNameDesc,personNameDesc, nil]; 
    NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray]; 
    NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray);
}

结果如下:
关于NSArray排序之sortedArrayUsingSelector:_第1张图片

从结果看出,先按照age排序,如果age相同,按照car排序,如果car相同,按照name排序。

原文地址:https://my.oschina.net/pengloo53/blog/173810

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