一、部署安装MySQL
注：在安装MySQL前需要卸载掉当前已有的mariadb，然后需要安装gcc环境
1、安装cmake
[root@mysql ~]# wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/archive/v3.16.4.tar.gz # 下载cmake
[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel # 有时候安装cmake的时候会报错，一般就是openssl这个依赖包没有装
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf cmake-3.16.4.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd cmake-3.16.4/
[root@mysql cmake-3.16.4]# ./bootstrap
[root@mysql cmake-3.16.4]# gmake && gmake install 2、安装ncurses
[root@mysql ~]# wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-5.9.tar.gz
[root@mysql cmake-3.16.4]# cd ..
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf ncurses-5.9.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd ncurses-5.9/
[root@mysql ncurses-5.9]# ./configure && make && make install 3、安装bison
[root@mysql ~]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-3.1.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf bison-3.1.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd bison-3.1/
[root@mysql bison-3.1]# ./configure && make && make install 4、安装boost
[root@mysql ~]# wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz/download
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# mv boost_1_59_0/ /usr/local/boost5、创建MySQL用户及所需目录
[root@mysql ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data6、安装及初始化MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd mysql-5.7.29/
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.29]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost && make && make install
#配置环境变量
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.29]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >> /etc/profile
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.29]# source /etc/profile
#更改属主属组
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.29]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mysql local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/
#进行初始化
[root@mysql ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data当执行初始化操作后，在返回信息的最后一行，将显示着MySQL数据库root用户的密码，也有可能不显示，那就说明root用户没有密码，我这里显示的密码如下（此密码建议先复制到一个文本上，一会修改密码需要用到，如果此密码丢失，需要重新初始化MySQL，重新初始化目录的步骤：删除/usr/local/mysql/data目录下的所有文件及目录，然后才可以重新初始化成功）：
7、配置并启动MySQL
#再次修改当前目录下的属组及属主（初始化后，产生的一些文件）
[root@mysql ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
#编写MySQL的主配置文件
[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
server_id=1 #当架构中存在多个MySQL服务器，那么这个server_id就是各个MySQL数据库的唯一性。
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.err
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
#复制其服务脚本并启动MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld 执行启动命令时，会报错。。。。。。
可以通过MySQL错误日志，定位问题所在：
[root@mysql mysql]# tail data/mysqld.err
2020-04-10T16:41:01.982743Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 200411 0:41:01
2020-04-10T16:41:01.985619Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them.
2020-04-10T16:41:01.985630Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of SSL certificates as certificate files are present in data directory.
2020-04-10T16:41:01.986055Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-04-10T16:41:01.986086Z 0 [Note] Skipping generation of RSA key pair as key files are present in data directory.
2020-04-10T16:41:01.986148Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2020-04-10T16:41:01.986174Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2020-04-10T16:41:01.986180Z 0 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';
2020-04-10T16:41:01.986195Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2020-04-10T16:41:01.987181Z 0 [ERROR] Can't start server: can't check PID filepath: No such file or directory解决办法：
修改其服务控制脚本中指定的PID路径即可：
[root@mysql mysql]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid # 修改这两行
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS确定MySQL数据库启动成功
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl daemon-reload # 重载配置文件
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld # 重启服务
[root@mysql ~]# netstat -anput | grep 3306 # 确认服务启动
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 92944/mysqld 8、更改MySQL的root登录密码
[root@mysql ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p password '123.com'
Enter password: #这里输入初始化MySQL后返回的密码
#执行成功后，会输出一些warning类的提示信息，无关紧要的，是提示直接将新密码暴露在了终端，不安全。
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -u root -p123.com # 使用新密码登录