唧唧堂：TM 旅游管理 2020年2月刊论文摘要
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1. 乡村旅游活动的土地利用适宜性分析：土耳其叶尼策（Yenice）
在本研究中，我们对位于土耳其西北部的叶尼策地区的乡村旅游进行了土地利用适宜性分析。作为研究过程的一部分，需要使用GIS和RS技术将研究区域划分为景观单元。通过对每个景观单元分别重复ELECTRE方法的步骤，获得每个景观单元的旅游活动适宜性评分。我们认为，在九种不同的旅游活动的评分中，1度、2度、3度适宜的旅游活动最为重要。因此，评估是在前三个等级的基础上进行的。经分析，在确定的1度适宜活动中，前3项为登山、徒步旅行和野生动物观察。在2度适宜活动中，前3项分别为植物观察、徒步旅行和徒步旅行;在第3度适宜活动中，前3项分别为徒步旅行、定向运动和登山活动。
In this study, a land use suitability analysis was conducted for rural tourism in the Yenice district, located in the north-west of Turkey. As part of the research process involved dividing the area in question into landscape units using GIS and RS techniques. A suitability rating for tourism activities in each landscape unit was obtained by following through the steps of the ELECTRE method, individually repeated for each landscape unit. It is considered that the 1st-, 2nd- and 3rd-degree suitable activities were most relevant in the rating of the nine different tourism activities. Therefore assessments were made on the basis of these first three ranks. As a result of the analysis, from the 1st-degree suitable activities identified, the first three were found to be mountaineering, trekking and wildlife observation. From the 2nd-degree suitable activities, the first three were flora observation, trekking and hiking, and from the 3rd-degree suitable activities, the first three trekking, orienteering and mountaineering.
参考文献：Ayhan, C. K., Tasli, T. C., Ozkok, F., & Tatli, H. (2020). Land use suitability analysis of rural tourism activities: Yenice, Turkey. Tourism Management, 76, 103949.
2. 如果我走了，你会想我吗？挪威之乐的意外撤市和客户满意度
2018年7月14日，首艘“德国制造，专为中国人设计”的豪华游轮“挪威之乐”(Norwegian Joy)宣布了出人意料的退出中国市场的决定，这距离它从上海出发的首航还不到一年。当邮轮公司做出退出市场的决定时，顾客的满意程度如何改变?通过采用期望理论论证，我们的论文强调满意度的函数是在顾客期望的基础上加上预期的不一致。我们认为，顾客满意度会上升，因为退出决策意味着邮轮的战略失误，因此降低了顾客的期望。利用中国最大的在线旅游网站上的顾客评论，我们进行了情绪分析，并使用差分方法（DID）来验证我们的假设。结果表明，挪威欢乐退出市场后，顾客满意度提高。
The first "Made in Germany, Designed for Chinese" luxury cruise, Norwegian Joy, announced an unexpected Chinese-market-withdrawal decision on July 14th, 2018, less than a year after her maiden voyage from Shanghai. How does customer satisfaction change as a response to a cruise's market-withdrawal decision? By resorting to the confirmation of expectation theory, our paper highlights satisfaction as being a function of the baseline effect of expectations plus perceived disconfirmation of expectations. We propose that customer satisfaction will rise because the withdrawal decision implies strategic mistake of the cruise and therefore lowers customer expectation. Drawing on customers' comments on the largest travel agency website in China, we conducted sentiment analysis and used 'difference in difference' statistical approach to test our hypothesis. Results show that customer satisfaction increased after Norwegian Joys withdrawal announcement.
参考文献：Chen, Y., Wang, T., Zhu, S. H., & Lian, P. (2020). Will you miss me if I am leaving? Unexpected market withdrawal of Norwegian Joy and customer satisfaction. Tourism Management, 76, 103951.
3. 了解消费者对社交媒体分享（ISMS）的重视程度：规模化发展和验证
随着社交媒体平台的日益普及、消费者选择的改善和技术的进步，消费者生成内容(CGC)的重要性在组织向游客营销其目的地、产品和服务时持续增长。然而，尽管游客对CGC和通过社交媒体分享信息非常重视，但这一领域的学术研究仍然缺乏。为了解决这个差距，我们使用了一个严格的多步骤的量表开发程序来创建量表，重点是从游客的角度理解消费者对社交媒体共享（ISMS）的重视程度。在不同的背景下(土耳其和苏格兰)进行了研究，共有1183名参与者，参与验证新开发的ISMS量表。量表显示出令人满意的内部一致性和信度，以及构造和预测效度。最后，讨论了未来研究的方向以及新开发的ISMS量表的实际意义。
In response to the increasing ubiquity of social media platforms, improved consumer choice, and technological progress, the importance of consumer-generated content (CGC) continues to grow for organizations marketing their destinations, products, and services to tourists. Yet, despite the importance tourists place on CGC and information shared via social media, there remains a lack of academic focus in this area. To address this gap, we use a rigorous multi-step scale development procedure to create a scale centered on understanding the importance consumers attach to social media sharing (ISMS) from a tourists' perspective. Studies conducted across different contexts (Turkey and Scotland), comprising 1183 participants, were used to validate the newly developed ISMS scale. The scale indicates internal consistency and reliability, alongside construct and predictive validity. Directions for future research and the practical implications of the newly developed ISMS scale are discussed by way of conclusion.
参考文献：Dedeoglu, B. B., Taheri, B., Okumus, F., & Gannon, M. (2020). Understanding the importance that consumers attach to social media sharing (ISMS): Scale development and validation. Tourism Management, 76, 103954.
4. 理解旅游集群的开拓方向：市场活力和社会资本
本研究的目的在于探讨在旅游集群中，紧密联系与多元联系是否以及如何调节企业的市场活力与创业导向之间的关系。我们使用了西班牙的215家世界遗产城市的公司的原始数据。结果表明，市场活力与创业导向之间呈u形曲线关系。更高程度的紧密联系会强化这种关系，而更高程度的多元联系则会弱化这种关系。研究建议管理人员注意消费者需求的变化，以发现先机。此外，位于旅游集群内的企业可能会从开发社会资本中受益。具体来说，管理者应该在市场活力高的时候加强他们的紧密联系，在市场出现第一次变化的时候加强他们的多元联系。
The aim of this paper is to study whether and how closed ties and diverse ties moderate the relationship between firms' market dynamism and pioneering orientation in a tourism cluster. We use original data on a sample of 215 firms belonging to the World Heritage Cities of Spain. The results show a curvilinear U-shaped relationship between market dynamism and pioneering orientation. This relationship is accentuated by higher closed ties, and is attenuated by higher diverse ties. Managers are advised to pay attention to changes in consumers' needs so as to identify first-mover opportunities. Furthermore, firms located within tourism clusters might benefit from developing social capital. Specifically, managers should strengthen their closed ties when market dynamism is high and their diverse ties when the first changes in the market emerge.
参考文献：Garcia-Villaverde, P. M., Elche, D., & Martinez-Perez, A. (2020). Understanding pioneering orientation in tourism clusters: Market dynamism and social capital. Tourism Management, 76, 103966.
5. 旅游摄影的地方印象：来自伊朗的视角
本研究探讨了伊朗三个传统村落中当地人对旅游摄影的印象。采用雪球抽样技术，对65名被调查者进行了定性的面对面访谈。不同于以往的旅游摄影文献中对游客拍摄的照片进行分析(从摄影师的角度)，在这篇研究中作者提出了当地居民对旅游摄影的印象。结果显示，当地人在未经允许的情况下被拍照，会产生厌恶感。此外，他们害怕照片被滥用，并呼吁在旅游摄影中应用道德规范。当地人对文物商品化并不满意，尽管有些人主张通过游客摄影来赚钱。调查结果还表明，当他们出现在所分享出来的游客在地照片中时，他们感到自豪。该研究增强了人们对旅游摄影中地方印象的认识和理解，特别是在世界上一个相对被忽视的地区。
The current study discusses the impression of local people towards tourist photographing in three heritage villages of Iran. A qualitative face-to-face interviews were undertaken of 65 respondents through snow-ball sampling technique. Unlike previous tourist photography literature where photos taken by tourists were analyzed (photographers' perspectives), in the current study authors brought up the impression of local residents in tourist photography. The results showed that locals had disgust feeling when they have been photographed without permission. They, moreover, were afraid of photo misuse and called for application of ethical codes in tourist photographing. Locals were not happy of their heritage commodification, although some advocated of earning revenue through tourist photographing. The findings also cleared out that locals felt proud when they appeared in tourist-local shared photos. The study enhances knowledge and understanding of local impression in tourist photography specifically in a part of the world which has been relatively neglected.
参考文献：Ghaderi, Z., & Beal, L. (2020). Local impression of tourist photographing: A perspective from Iran. Tourism Management, 76, 103962.
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6. 与邻居不同或相似？酒店战略距离调查
本文探讨一致性和差异性如何影响酒店绩效。研究评估酒店企业家对地理位置、生产力和质量的选择的战略成果。利用工具变量(IV)估计，我们发现相似竞争对手的分布影响酒店绩效和绩效风险。具体来说，结果表明，选择与竞争对手相似的生产力（一致性）可能会产生更高和更稳定的绩效。结果还表明，地理位置接近竞争对手或选择与竞争对手相似的产品质量（两种一致性策略）可以提高酒店绩效，但也会增加绩效风险。此外，当在位置、生产力和质量选择方面混合了一致性和差异化策略时，差异化的高离散度（即在一个产品维度上的高度差异化，同时在产品的其他维度上与竞争对手保持一致）会提高绩效和绩效风险。本研究的发现可以帮助企业家改善他们的战略决策和产品定位。
This paper examines how conformity and differentiation impacts hotel performance. It evaluates strategic outcomes of hotel entrepreneurs' choice of geographic location, capacity, and quality. Using instrumental variable (IV) estimation, we find that the distribution of similar competitors affects hotel performance and performance risk. Specifically, results show that choosing a similar capacity (conformity) to competitors may lead to higher and more stable performance. The results also reveal that locating geographically close to competitors or choosing a similar quality of product to competitors (both conformity strategies) can increase hotel performance but also increases performance risk. Additionally, when mixing conformity and differentiation strategies in terms of location, capacity, and quality selection, a higher dispersion of differentiation (i.e., highly differentiated in one product dimension while conforming to others in all remaining product dimensions) increases both performance and performance risk. Findings of this study can aid entrepreneurs in improving their strategic decisions and product positioning.
参考文献：Kim, M., Roehl, W., & Lee, S. K. (2020). Different from or similar to neighbors? An investigation of hotels' strategic distances. Tourism Management, 76, 103960.
7. 使用BWM和VIKOR相结合的方法评估机场的绿色绩效
航空业在全球范围内发展迅速。然而，随着数量的不断增长，航空业在过去几年也加剧了环境的恶化。这个问题需要引起注意，而且世界各地的各种机构和学者都在尝试寻找保护环境的方法。因此，越来越需要开发对环境影响最小的绿色和可持续的机场。基于此，本研究旨在探讨机场绿色绩效评估的标准。将BWM (Best Worst Method)和VIKOR (VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje)方法相结合，计算不同标准的权重，并对机场进行排序。绿色政策法规是绿色机场最重要的绩效标准。
The aviation industry is growing at a rapid pace worldwide. However, with the growing numbers, the aviation industry has also contributed to environmental degradation over the past few years. This issue needs attention as various agencies and scholars all over the world are trying to find means of protecting the environment. Therefore, there is a growing need to develop green and sustainable airports, which have minimal impact on the environment. With this in focus, this research has been taken up to explore the criteria for evaluating the green performance of airports. A hybrid of Best Worst Method (BWM) and VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methodologies has been employed to calculate the weight of different criteria and rank the airports accordingly. Green policies and regulations are the most important performance criteria for green airports.
参考文献：Kumar, A., Aswin, A., & Gupta, H. (2020). Evaluating green performance of the airports using hybrid BWM and VIKOR methodology. Tourism Management, 76, 103941.
8. 为什么旅行能延长幸福感：使用潜在增长模型的纵向分析
这项研究旨在解释旅游如何影响幸福的持续时间。通过对韩国225名游客的纵向测量数据进行分析，发现生活满意度和情绪呈负斜率下降。而生活满意度和情绪在出行前15天上升，在出行后持续1个月左右。这意味着一些与旅行有关的因素会阻碍享乐适应，使快乐持续更久。
为了了解享乐适应抑制的原因，我们使用潜在生长模型进行了另外的分析。旅游满意度对旅游后生活满意度变化率有显著的直接影响，而期望和意外惊喜对旅游后生活满意度变化率有显著的间接影响，并受到旅游满意度的调节。因此，我们提供的证据表明，旅行经历降低了享乐适应，特别是，期望和意外惊喜对延长幸福感是重要的。
This study aims to explain how traveling affects the duration of happiness. As a result of analysis on data collected from 225 tourists in Korea through longitudinal measurements, life satisfaction and affect decreased in a negative slope. However, life satisfaction and affect had risen 15 days before travel and lasted for about 1 month after travel. This means that some factors concerning travel prevent hedonic adaptation and make happiness last longer.
To understand the cause of inhibition of hedonic adaptation, an additional analysis was performed using the latent growth model. Travel satisfaction had a significantly direct effect on the change rate of life satisfaction after travel, and expectation and serendipity had a significantly indirect effect on the change rate of life satisfaction after travel, mediated by travel satisfaction. Thus, we provide evidence that travel experience reduces hedonic adaptation, and especially, expectation and serendipity are important for prolonging happiness.
参考文献：Kwon, J., & Lee, H. (2020). Why travel prolongs happiness: Longitudinal analysis using a latent growth model. Tourism Management, 76, 103944.
9. 蜜月旅行：探索必游、混合、增值的质量属性（Honeymoon tourism: Exploring must-be, hybrid and value-added quality attributes）
本研究基于混合方法，旨在通过研究质量属性对泰国普吉岛蜜月游客满意度的不对称影响，来确定哪些属性对蜜月游客的不满、满意度或愉悦是更敏感的因素。通过利用影响范围性能和非对称分析，非对称关系帮助研究人员确定质量属性为(1)挫败者和不满者(必须属性)、(2)满足者和高兴者(增值属性)和(3)混合属性。这种方法能够理解质量属性对蜜月游客满意度的动态影响，而不仅仅是识别质量属性。考虑到现有的蜜月旅游文献对质量属性的认识有限，本研究为多维质量属性的动态性提供了一种新的视角，并对这一文献体系做出了贡献。
Based on a mixed-methods, this study aims to identify which attributes are more sensitive to the dissatisfaction, satisfaction or delight of honeymoon tourists by examining the asymmetric effect of quality attributes on the satisfaction of honeymoon tourists in Phuket, Thailand. By drawing on impact range performance and asymmetry analyses, asymmetric relationships assist researchers in identifying quality attributes as (1) frustrators and dissatisfiers (must-be attributes), (2) satisfiers and delighters (value-added attributes) and (3) hybrids. This approach enables an understanding of the dynamic impact of quality attributes on the satisfaction of honeymoon tourists rather than merely identifying quality attributes. Considering the limited insight into quality attributes in the existing honeymoon tourism literature, this study provides a novel view on the dynamic nature of multidimensional quality attributes and contributes to this body of literature.
参考文献：Lee, J. S., Fakfare, P., & Han, H. (2020). Honeymoon tourism: Exploring must-be, hybrid and value-added quality attributes. Tourism Management, 76, 103958.
10. 酒店业机器人物流系统的最佳能力和操作设计
本研究介绍了一种能够减少酒店行业人力负荷的机器人物流系统的最佳能力和操作设计。在酒店里，有一些工作可以被机器人代替，比如陪同客人到特定的区域，把特定的物品送到客房，以及运送一些客人想要从客房里拿出来的物品。为了将机器人物流系统应用于酒店行业，需要对其能力和操作设计进行充分的准备。为此，采用基于数学模型的优化技术，以总投资成本最小为目标来确定机器人的数量，并以总覆盖工作量最大为目标来获得最优作业分配。最后通过数值算例验证了所提数学模型的正确性，并通过灵敏度试验来反映随机特征。
This study introduces an optimal capacity and operation design of a robot logistics system that can reduce human workload in the hotel industry. In hotels, there are several duties that can be replaced by robots such as accompanying guests to the certain areas, delivering specific items to the guest rooms, and transporting some items that guests want to be removed from the guest rooms. To apply the robot logistics system in the hotel industry, the capacity and operation design should be prepared adequately. For that, a mathematical model-based optimization technique is used to decide the number of robots with the concept of minimizing total investment cost and to derive the optimal job assigning with the purpose of maximizing total covered jobs. In addition, a numerical example is performed to validate the proposed mathematical model and the sensitivity tests are examined to reflect the random features.
参考文献：Lee, W. J., Kwag, S. I., & Ko, Y. D. (2020). Optimal capacity and operation design of a robot logistics system for the hotel industry. Tourism Management, 76, 103971.
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11. 朝鲜平壤国际酒店的西方客人体验:在有限选择条件下的满意度
在朝鲜等旅游活动受到政府严格控制的国家，人们对游客体验知之甚少，因此本文考察了游客对朝鲜酒店的看法。这表明，通常的酒店评估标准并不适用于有限的选择集，因此，客人对有限选择更加宽容，并在体验创造中重新评估这些限制。这篇论文借鉴了经典的“后悔和高兴（regret and rejoice）”经济模型，发现社交媒体上发布的报告支持这种对宾客体验的解释。结果表明，伍德、摩根和普里查德等其他评论人士分别讨论过的酒店的局限性可能适用，因为客人将他们在朝鲜停留的情况强加于对令人满意的酒店住宿的解释上。
As little is known about guest experiences when considering tourism in countries such as North Korea where there is tight governmental control of tourist activities, this paper examines guests' perceptions of a North Korean hotel. It suggests that the usual criteria of hotel evaluations do not apply due to a restricted choice set, and hence guests are more tolerant of limited choices and re-value the limitations as part of an experience creation. The paper draws on the classical economic model of "regret and rejoice" and finds that reports posted on social media support this interpretation of guest experience. The results indicate that the liminal nature of hotels discussed separately by other commentators such as Wood, Morgan and Prichard may be applicable as guests impose the context of their stay in North Korea on an interpretation of a satisfactory hotel stay.
参考文献：Li, F., & Ryan, C. (2020). Western guest experiences of a Pyongyang international hotel, North Korea: Satisfaction under conditions of constrained choice. Tourism Management, 76, 103947.
12. 旅游开发中的土地征收：居民态度的转变及其影响机制
旅游项目的开发往往以征地为前提。因此，重要的是要了解居民对土地征用的态度，以及这些态度的变化如何使土地征用过程和旅游业发展受益。本研究以河北省三道沟村五道梁为个案，采用非参与观察和180个访谈的纵向研究方法，关注居民的态度转变。研究进行了关键事件分析，并采用了一个模拟态度变化的框架。结果表明，农村居民对旅游发展的态度不是静态的，而是经历了一个跨越三个阶段的动态变化过程。这些结果表明，在征地过程中，应提高居民的参与程度，信息透明度可以减少社会冲突，有利于乡村旅游的可持续发展。最后本文讨论了相应的理论和实践贡献。
The development of tourism projects is often predicated on land expropriation. It is therefore important to understand residents' attitudes towards land expropriation and how changes in those attitudes can benefit both the land expropriation process and tourism development. Taking Wudaoliang in Sandaogou village in Hebei province as a case study, this study focuses on residents' attitudinal change by taking a longitudinal approach involving non-participant observation and 180 interviews. Critical event analysis was conducted, and a framework for modelling attitudinal change was adopted. The results show that the attitudes of rural residents towards tourism development were not static but underwent a dynamic process of change across three phases. These results suggest that residents should deepen their involvement in the land expropriation process and that information transparency can reduce social conflict, which will facilitate the sustainable development of rural tourism. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study are also discussed.
参考文献：Ma, X. L., Dai, M. L., & Fan, D. X. F. (2020). Land expropriation in tourism development: Residents' attitudinal change and its influencing mechanism. Tourism Management, 76, 103957.
13. 探讨城市入境旅游流的时空变化：以中国上海为例
了解入境旅游客流的时空变化对旅游目的地的经济、文化传播和城市形象具有重要意义。本文提出了关于入境旅游流的时空分布和变化的一个新颖的研究框架, 首先，使用R-HDBSCAN聚类算法提取旅游胜地(tourism area of interest, AOI)，其次，利用复杂网络理论文献中选区的几个关键指标，以中国上海为例，研究入境旅游流的结构。结果表明，首先，上海的旅游业高度集中在彼此相对靠近的，聚集在市中心的最受欢迎的AOI上；其次，上海的入境旅游客流网络具有小世界特征，而AOI（节点）和旅游路线（边缘）的分布具有一般的幂律特征，这受到了世博会的影响。
Knowledge on spatio-temporal changes of inbound tourism flow is important for destination economy, cultural communication and city image. This paper proposes a novel research framework for the spatio-temporal distribution and changes of inbound tourism flow by, first, using R-HDBSCAN clustering algorithm to extract tourism area of interest (AOI), second, by utilizing several key indicators adopted from the complex network theory literature to study the structure of inbound tourism flow with a case study example from Shanghai, China. The results show, first, that tourism in Shanghai is highly concentrated on the most popular AOI clustered in the city center relatively close to each other and, second, that, the inbound tourism flow network of Shanghai has small-world characteristics, while the distribution of its AOI (nodes) and tourist routes (edges) has general power law features, which has been influenced by the World Expo.
参考文献：Mou, N. X., Yuan, R. Z., Yang, T. F., Zhang, H. C., Tang, J. W., & Makkonen, T. (2020). Exploring spatio-temporal changes of city inbound tourism flow: The case of Shanghai, China. Tourism Management, 76, 103955.
14. 日本动漫朝圣：以社会影响力为决定因素
日本动漫长期以来被认为是日本御宅族专属的小众文化。“动漫御宅族”指的是那些大部分时间都呆在家里看动漫的人。然而，近年来，典型的动漫御宅族改变了他们的行为模式，引发了一场名为“动漫朝圣”的新运动。动漫朝圣之旅包括去那些与温暖场景相似的地方，即使这些地方本身可能是普通的地方。基于对普通旅游和电影旅游的研究，作者构建了两个模型来描述旅游意愿和目的地忠诚度的决定因素。结果显示，在游前阶段，御宅族的动机是希望与其他御宅族进行互动，并希望游览一个新的地点。此外，他们也在寻求与当地人的互动，这种互动体验使得旅游者在完成旅游之后有更高的目的地忠诚度。
Japanese animation, anime, has long been regarded as a niche culture reserved for anime otaku in Japan. The word anime otaku refers to individuals who spend most of their time alone at home, watching anime. However, in recent years, prototypical anime otaku have changed their behavioral patterns, resulting in a new movement called anime pilgrimage. Anime pilgrimage involves traveling to locations that resemble particular scenes in warm pieces, even though the locations themselves may be ordinary places. The authors constructed two models to describe the determinants of visit intention and destination loyalty based on research into ordinary and film tourism. The results suggested that, during the pre-tour period, otaku are motivated by the desire for interaction with other otaku and the wish to visit a new location. Moreover, they are also seeking to interact with the local people, and such experiences result in higher destination loyalty during the post-tour period.
参考文献：Ono, A., Kawamura, S., Nishimori, Y., Oguro, Y., Shimizu, R., & Yamamoto, S. (2020). Anime pilgrimage in Japan: Focusing Social Influences as determinants. Tourism Management, 76, 103935.
15. 活动组织中的操作灵活性
本研究的目的是了解在活动组织执行过程中，运营灵活性与风险相关的负面影响之间的相互关系。为此，在六个巴西活动组织实体机构中进行了多个案例研究。通过结构化访谈和演绎内容分析来进行这项定性研究。通过使用这些实体机构组织的事件的事后报告来对进行数据的三角测量。该研究确定了一些策略，用于处理与事件执行中出现的风险相关的可变性、与风险相关的不利影响和所使用的运营灵活性类型之间的相互关系。此外，作者提出了“内部基础设施灵活性”，因为运营灵活性的文献没有充分解释在实地研究中发现的内部结构的变化。
The aim of this study was to understand the interrelation between operations flexibility and the adverse impacts associated with risks in event organization during its execution. For this, a multiple case study was carried out among six Brazilian event-organizing entities. A qualitative study was conducted through structured interviews and deductive content analysis. Data triangulation was obtained by using the post-event reports of events organized by those entities. The study identified strategies used to deal with variability related to the risks present in the execution of events and the interrelation between adverse impacts associated with the risks and the types of operations flexibility used. Furthermore, the authors propose "internal infrastructure flexibility" since operations flexibility literature does not adequately explain the changes in the internal structure found in the field research.
参考文献：Brito, J. A. S., Torres, N., & Diniz, R. D. (2020). Operations flexibility in events organization. Tourism Management, 76, 103959.
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16. 台湾农村形象的网络社会建设：台湾当地人与中国大陆人感知的比较