调试利器Xhprof的安装与使用
一、安装xhprof
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/xhprof-0.9.4.tgz tar -zxvf xhprof-0.9.4.tgz cd xhprof-0.9.4/extension/ phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install
二、配置PHP.ini
[xhprof] extension=xhprof.so; ; directory used by default implementation of the iXHProfRuns ; interface (namely, the XHProfRuns_Default class) for storing ; XHProf runs. ; ;xhprof.output_dir=<directory_for_storing_xhprof_runs> xhprof.output_dir=/tmp/xhprof
三、测试
server php-fpm restart yum install -y graphviz cp examples xhprof_html xhprof_lib /data/www/xhprof/ -R
测试代码如下
<?php
function bar($x) {
if ($x > 0) {
bar($x - 1);
}
}
function foo() {
for ($idx = 0; $idx < 5; $idx++) {
bar($idx);
$x = strlen("abc");
}
}
// start profiling
xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_CPU + XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY);
// run program
foo();
// stop profiler
$xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();
// display raw xhprof data for the profiler run
print_r($xhprof_data);
$XHPROF_ROOT = realpath(dirname(__FILE__) .'/..');
include_once $XHPROF_ROOT . "/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_lib.php";
include_once $XHPROF_ROOT . "/xhprof_lib/utils/xhprof_runs.php";
// save raw data for this profiler run using default
// implementation of iXHProfRuns.
$xhprof_runs = new XHProfRuns_Default();
// save the run under a namespace "xhprof_foo"
$run_id = $xhprof_runs->save_run($xhprof_data, "xhprof_foo");
echo "---------------\n".
"Assuming you have set up the http based UI for \n".
"XHProf at some address, you can view run at \n".
"http://<xhprof-ui-address>/index.php?run=$run_id&source=xhprof_foo\n".
"---------------\n";
然后在浏览器中运行
Array
(
[foo==>bar] => Array
(
[ct] => 5
[wt] => 557
[cpu] => 0
[mu] => 2668
[pmu] => 0
)
[foo==>strlen] => Array
(
[ct] => 5
[wt] => 124
[cpu] => 1000
[mu] => 404
[pmu] => 0
)
[bar==>bar@1] => Array
(
[ct] => 4
[wt] => 204
[cpu] => 0
[mu] => 2068
[pmu] => 0
)
[bar@1==>bar@2] => Array
(
[ct] => 3
[wt] => 97
[cpu] => 0
[mu] => 1516
[pmu] => 0
)
[bar@2==>bar@3] => Array
(
[ct] => 2
[wt] => 41
[cpu] => 0
[mu] => 960
[pmu] => 0
)
[bar@3==>bar@4] => Array
(
[ct] => 1
[wt] => 9
[cpu] => 0
[mu] => 404
[pmu] => 0
)
[main()==>foo] => Array
(
[ct] => 1
[wt] => 1055
[cpu] => 1000
[mu] => 3796
[pmu] => 0
)
[main()==>xhprof_disable] => Array
(
[ct] => 1
[wt] => 5
[cpu] => 0
[mu] => 412
[pmu] => 0
)
[main()] => Array
(
[ct] => 1
[wt] => 1749
[cpu] => 1000
[mu] => 4952
[pmu] => 0
)
)
---------------
Assuming you have set up the http based UI for
XHProf at some address, you can view run at
http://<xhprof-ui-address>/index.php?run=55706da1eea18&source=xhprof_foo
---------------
生成图片：http://<xhprof-ui-address>/index.php?run=55706da1eea18&source=xhprof_foo
Inclusive Time (or Subtree Time): Includes time spent in the function as well as in descendant functions called from a given function. Exclusive Time/Self Time: Measures time spent in the function itself. Does not include time in descendant functions. Wall Time: a.k.a. Elapsed time or wall clock time. CPU Time: CPU time in user space + CPU time in kernel space Inclusive Time 包括子函数所有执行时间。 Exclusive Time/Self Time 函数执行本身花费的时间，不包括子树执行时间。 Wall Time 花去了的时间或挂钟时间。 CPU Time 用户耗的时间+内核耗的时间 Inclusive CPU 包括子函数一起所占用的CPU Exclusive CPU 函数自身所占用的CPU
点击[View Full Callgraph]
可以看到效率的图片
更好的注入方式
了解了上面这些，其实就已经可以将xhprof整合到任何我们已有的项目中去了
目前大部分MVC框架都有唯一的入口文件，只需要在入口文件的开始处注入xhprof的逻辑
<?php
//开启xhprof
xhprof_enable(XHPROF_FLAGS_MEMORY | XHPROF_FLAGS_CPU);
//在程序结束后收集数据
register_shutdown_function(function() {
$xhprof_data = xhprof_disable();
//让数据收集程序在后台运行
if (function_exists('fastcgi_finish_request')) {
fastcgi_finish_request();
}
//保存xhprof数据
...
});
但是这样免不了要修改项目的源代码，其实php本身就提供了更好的注入方式，比如将上述逻辑保存为/opt/inject.php，然后修改php fpm配置文件
vi /etc/php5/fpm/php.ini //修改auto_prepend_file配置 auto_prepend_file = /opt/inject.php //这样所有的php-fpm请求的php文件前都会自动注入/opt/inject.php文件 //如果使用Nginx的话，还可以通过Nginx的配置文件设置，这样侵入性更小，并且可以实现基于站点的注入。 fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "auto_prepend_file=/opt/inject.php";
更好的分析工具：xhprof.io还是xhpgui
注入代码后我们还需要实现保存xhprof数据以及展示数据的UI，听起来似乎又是一大堆工作，有现成的轮子可以用吗？
经过搜索和比较，貌似比较好的选择有xhprof.io以及xhpgui。
测试地址：https://dev.anuary.com/8d50658e-f8e0-5832-9e82-6b9e8aa940ac/?xhprof[template]=request&xhprof[query][request_id]=108151
