MySQL经典练习题及答案，常用SQL语句练习50题

 

表名和字段

–1.学生表 
Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) –学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别 
–2.课程表 
Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – –课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号 
–3.教师表 
Teacher(t_id,t_name) –教师编号,教师姓名 
–4.成绩表 
Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) –学生编号,课程编号,分数

测试数据

--建表

--学生表

CREATE TABLE `Student`(

`s_id` VARCHAR(20),

`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)

);

--课程表

CREATE TABLE `Course`(

`c_id` VARCHAR(20),

`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)

);

--教师表

CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(

`t_id` VARCHAR(20),

`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',

PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)

);

--成绩表

CREATE TABLE `Score`(

`s_id` VARCHAR(20),

`c_id` VARCHAR(20),

`s_score` INT(3),

PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)

);

--插入学生表测试数据

insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');

insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');

insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');

insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');

insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');

insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');

insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');

insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');

--课程表测试数据

insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');

insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');

insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');


--教师表测试数据

insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');

insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');

insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');


--成绩表测试数据

insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);

insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);

insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);

insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);

insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);

insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);

insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);

insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);

insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);

insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);

insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);

insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);

insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);

insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);

insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);

insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);

insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);

insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

练习题和sql语句

-- 1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数


select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from

student a

join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01'

left join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' or c.c_id = NULL where b.s_score>c.s_score



-- 2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数


select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from

student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01' or b.c_id=NULL

join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' where b.s_score=60;



-- 4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

-- (包括有成绩的和无成绩的)


select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from

student b

left join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id

GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)<60

union

select a.s_id,a.s_name,0 as avg_score from

student a

where a.s_id not in (

select distinct s_id from score);



-- 5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

select a.s_id,a.s_name,count(b.c_id) as sum_course,sum(b.s_score) as sum_score from

student a

left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id

GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;



-- 6、查询"李"姓老师的数量

select count(t_id) from teacher where t_name like '李%';


-- 7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

select a.* from

student a

join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id where b.c_id in(

select c_id from course where t_id =(

select t_id from teacher where t_name = '张三'));


-- 8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

select * from

student c

where c.s_id not in(

select a.s_id from student a join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id where b.c_id in(

select c_id from course where t_id =(

select t_id from teacher where t_name = '张三')));

-- 9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息


select a.* from

student a,score b,score c

where a.s_id = b.s_id and a.s_id = c.s_id and b.c_id='01' and c.c_id='02';


-- 10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息


select a.* from

student a

where a.s_id in (select s_id from score where c_id='01' ) and a.s_id not in(select s_id from score where c_id='02')



-- 11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息


select s.* from

student s where s.s_id in(

select s_id from score where s_id not in(

select a.s_id from score a

join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id and b.c_id='02'

join score c on a.s_id = c.s_id and c.c_id='03'

where a.c_id='01'))


-- 12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息


select * from student where s_id in(

select distinct a.s_id from score a where a.c_id in(select a.c_id from score a where a.s_id='01')

);


-- 13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息


select a.* from student a where a.s_id in(

select distinct s_id from score where s_id!='01' and c_id in(select c_id from score where s_id='01')

group by s_id

having count(1)=(select count(1) from score where s_id='01'));

-- 14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

select a.s_name from student a where a.s_id not in (

select s_id from score where c_id =

(select c_id from course where t_id =(

select t_id from teacher where t_name = '张三'))

group by s_id);


-- 15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

select a.s_id,a.s_name,ROUND(AVG(b.s_score)) from

student a

left join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id

where a.s_id in(

select s_id from score where s_score<60 GROUP BY s_id having count(1)>=2)

GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name


-- 16、检索"01"课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from

student a,score b

where a.s_id = b.s_id and b.c_id='01' and b.s_score<60 ORDER BY b.s_score DESC;


-- 17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

select a.s_id,(select s_score from score where s_id=a.s_id and c_id='01') as 语文,

(select s_score from score where s_id=a.s_id and c_id='02') as 数学,

(select s_score from score where s_id=a.s_id and c_id='03') as 英语,

round(avg(s_score),2) as 平均分 from score a GROUP BY a.s_id ORDER BY 平均分 DESC;


-- 18.查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率

--及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90

select a.c_id,b.c_name,MAX(s_score),MIN(s_score),ROUND(AVG(s_score),2),

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=60 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score then 1 else 0 end)),2) as 及格率,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=70 and a.s_score<=80 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score then 1 else 0 end)),2) as 中等率,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=80 and a.s_score<=90 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score then 1 else 0 end)),2) as 优良率,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=90 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score then 1 else 0 end)),2) as 优秀率

from score a left join course b on a.c_id = b.c_id GROUP BY a.c_id,b.c_name


-- 19、按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名(实现不完全)

-- mysql没有rank函数

select a.s_id,a.c_id,

@i:=@i +1 as i保留排名,

@k:=(case when @score=a.s_score then @k else @i end) as rank不保留排名,

@score:=a.s_score as score

from (

select s_id,c_id,s_score from score WHERE c_id='01' GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC

)a,(select @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s

union

select a.s_id,a.c_id,

@i:=@i +1 as i,

@k:=(case when @score=a.s_score then @k else @i end) as rank,

@score:=a.s_score as score

from (

select s_id,c_id,s_score from score WHERE c_id='02' GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC

)a,(select @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s

union

select a.s_id,a.c_id,

@i:=@i +1 as i,

@k:=(case when @score=a.s_score then @k else @i end) as rank,

@score:=a.s_score as score

from (

select s_id,c_id,s_score from score WHERE c_id='03' GROUP BY s_id,c_id,s_score ORDER BY s_score DESC

)a,(select @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s


-- 20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名

select a.s_id,

@i:=@i+1 as i,

@k:=(case when @score=a.sum_score then @k else @i end) as rank,

@score:=a.sum_score as score

from (select s_id,SUM(s_score) as sum_score from score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY sum_score DESC)a,

(select @k:=0,@i:=0,@score:=0)s


-- 21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示


select a.t_id,c.t_name,a.c_id,ROUND(avg(s_score),2) as avg_score from course a

left join score b on a.c_id=b.c_id

left join teacher c on a.t_id=c.t_id

GROUP BY a.c_id,a.t_id,c.t_name ORDER BY avg_score DESC;

-- 22、查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩


select d.*,c.排名,c.s_score,c.c_id from (

select a.s_id,a.s_score,a.c_id,@i:=@i+1 as 排名 from score a,(select @i:=0)s where a.c_id='01'

)c

left join student d on c.s_id=d.s_id

where 排名 BETWEEN 2 AND 3

UNION

select d.*,c.排名,c.s_score,c.c_id from (

select a.s_id,a.s_score,a.c_id,@j:=@j+1 as 排名 from score a,(select @j:=0)s where a.c_id='02'

)c

left join student d on c.s_id=d.s_id

where 排名 BETWEEN 2 AND 3

UNION

select d.*,c.排名,c.s_score,c.c_id from (

select a.s_id,a.s_score,a.c_id,@k:=@k+1 as 排名 from score a,(select @k:=0)s where a.c_id='03'

)c

left join student d on c.s_id=d.s_id

where 排名 BETWEEN 2 AND 3;



-- 23、统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比



select distinct f.c_name,a.c_id,b.`85-100`,b.百分比,c.`70-85`,c.百分比,d.`60-70`,d.百分比,e.`0-60`,e.百分比 from score a

left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >85 and s_score <=100 then 1 else 0 end) as `85-100`,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >85 and s_score <=100 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比

from score GROUP BY c_id)b on a.c_id=b.c_id

left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >70 and s_score <=85 then 1 else 0 end) as `70-85`,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >70 and s_score <=85 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比

from score GROUP BY c_id)c on a.c_id=c.c_id

left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >60 and s_score <=70 then 1 else 0 end) as `60-70`,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >60 and s_score <=70 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比

from score GROUP BY c_id)d on a.c_id=d.c_id

left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >=0 and s_score <=60 then 1 else 0 end) as `0-60`,

ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >=0 and s_score <=60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比

from score GROUP BY c_id)e on a.c_id=e.c_id

left join course f on a.c_id = f.c_id


-- 24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次


select a.s_id,

@i:=@i+1 as '不保留空缺排名',

@k:=(case when @avg_score=a.avg_s then @k else @i end) as '保留空缺排名',

@avg_score:=avg_s as '平均分'

from (select s_id,ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) as avg_s from score GROUP BY s_id)a,(select @avg_score:=0,@i:=0,@k:=0)b;

-- 25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录

-- 1.选出b表比a表成绩大的所有组

-- 2.选出比当前id成绩大的 小于三个的

select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a

left join score b on a.c_id = b.c_id and a.s_score=85


-- 34、查询课程名称为"数学"，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数


select a.s_name,b.s_score from score b LEFT JOIN student a on a.s_id=b.s_id where b.c_id=(

select c_id from course where c_name ='数学') and b.s_score<60


-- 35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况；



select a.s_id,a.s_name,

SUM(case c.c_name when '语文' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '语文',

SUM(case c.c_name when '数学' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '数学',

SUM(case c.c_name when '英语' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '英语',

SUM(b.s_score) as '总分'

from student a left join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id

left join course c on b.c_id = c.c_id

GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name



-- 36、查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；

select a.s_name,b.c_name,c.s_score from course b left join score c on b.c_id = c.c_id

left join student a on a.s_id=c.s_id where c.s_score>=70




-- 37、查询不及格的课程

select a.s_id,a.c_id,b.c_name,a.s_score from score a left join course b on a.c_id = b.c_id

where a.s_score<60


--38、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；

select a.s_id,b.s_name from score a LEFT JOIN student b on a.s_id = b.s_id

where a.c_id = '01' and a.s_score>80


-- 39、求每门课程的学生人数

select count(*) from score GROUP BY c_id;


-- 40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩



-- 查询老师id

select c_id from course c,teacher d where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='张三'

-- 查询最高分（可能有相同分数）

select MAX(s_score) from score where c_id='02'

-- 查询信息

select a.*,b.s_score,b.c_id,c.c_name from student a

LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id = b.s_id

LEFT JOIN course c on b.c_id=c.c_id

where b.c_id =(select c_id from course c,teacher d where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='张三')

and b.s_score in (select MAX(s_score) from score where c_id='02')



-- 41、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

select DISTINCT b.s_id,b.c_id,b.s_score from score a,score b where a.c_id != b.c_id and a.s_score = b.s_score



-- 42、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

-- 牛逼的写法

select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a

where (select COUNT(1) from score b where b.c_id=a.c_id and b.s_score>=a.s_score)<=2 ORDER BY a.c_id



-- 43、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过5人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

select c_id,count(*) as total from score GROUP BY c_id HAVING total>5 ORDER BY total,c_id ASC


-- 44、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

select s_id,count(*) as sel from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING sel>=2


-- 45、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

select * from student where s_id in(

select s_id from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(*)=(select count(*) from course))



--46、查询各学生的年龄

-- 按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一


select s_birth,(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y')-DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%Y') -

(case when DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m%d')>DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m%d') then 0 else 1 end)) as age

from student;



-- 47、查询本周过生日的学生

select * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))=WEEK(s_birth)

select * from student where YEARWEEK(s_birth)=YEARWEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))


select WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))


-- 48、查询下周过生日的学生

select * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))+1 =WEEK(s_birth)


-- 49、查询本月过生日的学生


select * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d')) =MONTH(s_birth)


-- 50、查询下月过生日的学生

select * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))+1 =MONTH(s_birth)