Ansible-playbook批量管理集群基础配置

Ansiable通过playbook批量配置管理

playbook是由一个或多个模块组成的，使用多个不同的模块，完成一件事情。

安装一个服务，配置，并启动，编写剧本时遵循的规则类似于：
1.找谁来拍。
2.大概的任务。
3.具体怎么做。

例：安装httpd服务->playbook
1.安装
2.配置
3.启动

[root@m01 ~]# cat httpd_install.yaml 

- hosts: web
  tasks:

  - name: Install Httpd Server
    yum: name=httpd,httpd-tools state=installed

  - name: Configure Httpd Server
    copy: src=./httpd.conf dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

  - name: Start Httpd Server
    service: name=httpd state=started enabled=yes 

2.修改本地拷贝好的httpd.conf文件
3.执行ansible-playbook httpd_install.yaml 推送

批量管理初始化集群

1.环境规划

角色	外网IP(NAT)	内网IP(LAN)	部署软件
m01	eth0:10.0.0.61	eth1:172.16.1.61	ansible
backup	eth0:10.0.0.41	eth1:172.16.1.41	rsync
nfs	eth0:10.0.0.31	eth1:172.16.1.31	nfs、Sersync
web01	eth0:10.0.0.7	eth1:172.16.1.7	httpd

实现目标

1. 全网备份
2. 实时备份

目录规划

[root@m01 ~]# mkdir /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/{file,conf,scripts} -p   
[root@m01 ~]# tree /etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/  
/etc/ansible/ansible_playbook/
├── conf
└── file
└── scripts

---

基础环境：所有机器统一的配置

1.需要关闭firewalld以及selinux、epel仓库、ssh端口、优化基础配置
2.需要安装rsync和nfs-utils
3.准备www用户
4.需要准备/etc/rsync.pass密码文件
5.需要准备全网备份脚本

1.基础的playbook剧本

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat base.yaml 
- hosts: all
  tasks:

  - name: Install Epel Repos
    get_url: url=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo dest=/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo

  - name: Dns Client
    copy: src=./conf/resolv.conf dest=/etc/resolv.conf

  - name: Install Rsync Nfs-Utils
    yum: name=rsync,nfs-utils state=installed

  - name: Create Group WWW
    group: name=www gid=666

  - name: Create User WWW
    user: name=www uid=666 group=666 create_home=no shell=/sbin/nologin

  - name: Create Rsync_Client_Pass
    copy: content='1' dest=/etc/rsync.pass mode=600

  - name: Create Scripts Directory
    file: path=/server/scripts recurse=yes state=directory

  - name: Push File Scripts
    copy: src=./scripts/rsync_backup_md5.sh dest=/server/scripts/

  - name: Crontable Scripts
    cron: name="backup scripts" hour=01 minute=00 job="/bin/bash /server/scripts/rsync_backup_md5.sh &>/dev/null"

2.应用环境：Rsync

1.安装rsync
2.配置rsync（配置变更，一定要进行重载操作）
3.创建虚拟用户，权限调整
4.创建目录/data/ /backup
5.启动rsync
6.配置邮箱->邮箱的发件人->校验的脚本

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat rsync.yaml 
- hosts: backup
  tasks:
  - name: Installed Rsync Server
    yum: name=rsync,mailx state=installed

  - name: configure Rsync Server
    copy: src=./conf/rsyncd.conf dest=/etc/rsyncd.conf
    notify: Restart Rsync Server

  - name: Create Virt User
    copy: content='rsync_backup:1' dest=/etc/rsync.password mode=600

  - name: Create Data 
    file: path=/data state=directory recurse=yes owner=www group=www mode=755

  - name: Create Backup 
    file: path=/backup state=directory recurse=yes owner=www group=www mode=755

  - name: Start RsyncServer
    service: name=rsyncd state=started enabled=yes

  - name: Push Check Scripts
    copy: src=./scripts/rsync_check_backup.sh dest=/server/scripts/

  - name: Crond Check Scripts
    cron: name="check scripts" hour=05 minute=00 job="/bin/bash /server/scripts/rsync_check_backup.sh &>/dev/null"

handlers:
  - name: Restart Rsync Server
    service: name=rsyncd state=restarted

3.应用环境：NFS

1.安装nfs-utils
2.配置nfs（当修改了配置，触发重载操作）
3.创建目录，授权
4.启动

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat nfs.yaml 
- hosts: nfs
  tasks:

  - name: Installed Nfs Server
    yum: name=nfs-utils state=installed

  - name: Configure Nfs Server
    copy: src=./conf/exports dest=/etc/exports
    notify: Restart Nfs Server

  - name: Create Share Data
    file: path=/data state=directory recurse=yes owner=www group=www mode=755

  - name: Start Nfs Server
    service: name=nfs-server state=started enabled=yes

handlers:
  - name: Restart Nfs Server
    service: name=nfs-server state=restarted

4.应用环境：Sersync

1.下载sersync
2.解压，改名，配置
3.启动

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat sersync.yaml 
- hosts: nfs
  tasks:
  - name: Scp Sersync
    copy: src=./file/sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz dest=/usr/local/sersync.tar.gz

  - name: Zip
    shell: cd /usr/local && tar xf sersync.tar.gz && mv GNU-Linux-x86 sersync
    args:
      creates: /usr/local/sersync

  - name: configure Sersync
    copy: src=./conf/confxml.xml dest=/usr/local/sersync/

  - name: Start Sersync
    shell: /usr/local/sersync/sersync2 -dro /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml

5.应用环境：WEB

1、挂载nfs共享的目录

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat web.yaml 
- hosts: web
  tasks:

  - name: Mount NFS Server Share Data
    mount: src=172.16.1.31:/data path=/data fstype=nfs opts=defaults state=mounted   

6.通过import_playbook总体调用

[root@m01 ansible_playbook]# cat mail.yaml 
- import_playbook: base.yaml
- import_playbook: rsync.yaml
- import_playbook: nfs.yaml
- import_playbook: sersync.yaml
- import_playbook: web.yaml