3Sum (M)
题目
Given an array nums
of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in nums
such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.
Note:
The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
Example:
Given array nums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4],
A solution set is:
[
[-1, 0, 1],
[-1, -1, 2]
]
题意
找到所有和为0的三元组,但不允许重复。
思路
如果只要求找到满足的三元组:先对数组nums排序,固定最小的数为i,在[i + 1, nums.length - 1]区间中运用two pointers方法找到j、k,使得j 问题在于去除重复的三元组:遇到新nums[i]值时,应当先将该值按照上述方法判断处理后,再去除后面所有与它相同的值,因为可能会出现 (-1, -1, 2)、(0, 0, 0) 这样满足条件的组,如果先去除重复的值,再用剩下的最后一个值去判断求和,会遗漏这些含有重复值的对。
代码实现
Java
class Solution {
public List
> threeSum(int[] nums) {
List
> list = new ArrayList<>();
Arrays.sort(nums);
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length - 2; i++) {
if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) {
continue;
}
int j = i + 1, k = nums.length - 1;
while (j < k) {
int sum = nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k];
if (j > i + 1 && nums[j] == nums[j - 1] || sum < 0) {
j++;
} else if (k < nums.length - 1 && nums[k] == nums[k + 1] || sum > 0) {
k--;
} else {
List
JavaScript
/**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @return {number[][]}
*/
var threeSum = function (nums) {
let res = []
nums.sort((a, b) => a - b)
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (i > 0 && nums[i] == nums[i - 1]) {
continue
}
let target = -nums[i]
let left = i + 1,
right = nums.length - 1
while (left < right) {
if ((left > i + 1 && nums[left] == nums[left - 1]) || nums[left] + nums[right] < target) {
left++
} else if ((right < nums.length - 1 && nums[right] == nums[right + 1]) || nums[left] + nums[right] > target) {
right--
} else {
res.push([nums[i], nums[left++], nums[right--]])
}
}
}
return res
}