Hibernate关系映射(四)一对多单向关联@OneToMany Annotation方式

本篇介绍一对多单向关联,实例还是和Hibernate关系映射(三)多对一单向关联中的例子一样,一个车主(Owner)可以有多辆车,一辆车(Car)只能有一个车主,下面是表结构:
Hibernate关系映射(四)一对多单向关联@OneToMany Annotation方式_第1张图片
表结构和多对一的表结构是一样的,都是在多方(car方)有一个字段作为外键指向owner的Id。


下面是实体类的代码:

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "t_owner")
public class Owner {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Set cars = new HashSet();

    public Owner() {
        super();
    }

    public Owner(Integer id, String name, Set cars) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.cars = cars;
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @OneToMany
    @JoinColumn(name="ownerId")
    public Set getCars() {
        return cars;
    }

    public void setCars(Set cars) {
        this.cars = cars;
    }

}

在一这方,我们设置了一个Set集合,cars,表示这个车主拥有的车辆列表,在get上设置@OneToMany标签,表示一个一对多的关系,@JoinColumn(name=”ownerId”),表示外键设置在多的一方,也就是t_car表中,外键名称为ownerId,如果不设置该属性,那么会增加一个中间表,用来保存关联关系,类似于多对多的处理方法。

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name = "t_car")
public class Car {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;

    public Car() {
        super();
    }

    public Car(Integer id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

}

上一篇的单向多对一,只能从汽车找到车主信息,而本篇的单向一对多,则只能从车主找到拥有的汽车列表,虽然在数据库表结构上都是一样的,但是在程序的应用中却大有不同,而且都存在一定的局限性。


写好配置文件后,接下来开始测试CRUD操作:
首先进行数据插入操作,testCreate()

     @Test
     public void testCreate(){
      Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
      session.beginTransaction();

      Owner owner = new Owner();
      owner.setName("Annan_Wang");

      Set carSet = new HashSet();

      Car car1 = new Car();
      car1.setName("BMW M3");
      carSet.add(car1);

      Car car2 = new Car();
      car2.setName("Porsche Cayman");
      carSet.add(car2);

      owner.setCars(carSet);

      session.save(owner);
      session.save(car1);
      session.save(car2);

      session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果如下:
这里写图片描述
Hibernate关系映射(四)一对多单向关联@OneToMany Annotation方式_第2张图片


接下来测试读取操作,testRead()

     @Test
     public void testRead(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Owner owner = (Owner) session.load(Owner.class, 1);
         Set carSet = owner.getCars();
         System.out.println("车主姓名:"+owner.getName());
         Iterator iterator = carSet.iterator();
         while(iterator.hasNext()){
             System.out.println("拥有车辆,品牌是:"+iterator.next().getName());
         }

         Car car1 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 1);
         System.out.println(car1.getName());


         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果:

车主姓名:Annan_Wang
拥有车辆,品牌是:BMW M3
拥有车辆,品牌是:Porsche Cayman

车辆信息:BMW M3

下面是修改操作的测试,testUpdate()

     @Test
     public void testUpdate(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Car car1 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 1);
         car1.setName("宝马M3");

         Car car2 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 2);
         car2.setName("保时捷Cayman");

         session.saveOrUpdate(car1);
         session.saveOrUpdate(car2);

         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果:

这里写图片描述


最后是删除操作,testDelete()

     @Test
     public void testDelete(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Owner owner = (Owner) session.load(Owner.class, 1);

         Car car1 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 1);
         Car car2 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 2);

         session.delete(owner);
         session.delete(car1);
         session.delete(car2);

         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果:
这里写图片描述
这里写图片描述
测试成功,全部删除!


希望能对你有所帮助,下一篇介绍一对多和多对一的双向关联

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