【转】 C# 操作excel 大全

A>Read 
 有两种方法：
   a.OleDbConnection 示例代码如下：
 
 1 String connStr="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strFilePath+";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
 2 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection con=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(connStr);
 3 System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter oda=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [Sheet1$]",con);
 4 System.Data.DataSet ds=new System.Data.DataSet();
 5 oda.Fill(ds);
 6 String[] SrcterminalId=new String[ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count];
 7 String[] DestterminalId=new String[ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count];
 8 String[] SendContent=new String[ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count];
 9 for(Int32 i=0;i10 {//从第0行，第0列开始
11     if(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][0].ToString()!="")
12     {                    SrcterminalId[i]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][0].ToString();
13     }
14     if(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][1].ToString()!="")
15     {                    DestterminalId[i]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][1].ToString();       
16     }
17     if(ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][2].ToString()!="")
18     {                    SendContent[i]=ds.Tables[0].Rows[i][2].ToString();
19     }               
20 }
21
 
大家会发现数据会丢失的现象, 将EXCEL数据导出的时候如果同一列数据中既有文字，又有数字！读取时一列中要么文字丢失只剩下数字，要么数字丢失，只剩下文字，这是由第一行的数据类型决定的。出现这种问题是由于数据类型不统一造成的。原来的连接字符串为 String connStr="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strFilePath+";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";查阅资料后问题解决：String connStr="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strFilePath+";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1'";
 
其中参数解释：
 
HDR=YES    有两个值:YES/NO,表示第一行是否字段名,默认是YES,第一行是字段名
 IMEX=1   解决数字与字符混合时,识别不正常的情况
  b.调用Com组件 需要添加Microsot.Excel 9.0 Object Library组件。
 
 1 //创建Application对象
 2 Excel.Application app=new Excel.ApplicationClass();
 3 //是否显示Excel,默认为false
 4 app.Visible=false;
 5 Object o=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
 6 Excel.WorkbookClass w=(Excel.WorkbookClass)app.Workbooks.Open(strFilePath,o,o,o,o,o,o,o,o,o,o,o,o);
 7 Excel.Sheets sheets=w.Worksheets;
 8 Excel.Worksheet datasheet=null;
 9 foreach(Excel.Worksheet sheet in sheets)
10 {
11     if(sheet.Name=="Sheet1")
12     {                            datasheet=sheet;
13         break;
14     }
15 }
16 if(datasheet!=null)
17 { //ds还是采用上面的取行写法，如果不这样，不知道读几行
18     for(Int32 i=0;i19     { //从第二行，第一列开始
20         //读取，通过Range对象，但使用不同的接口得到Range                            Excel.Range range=(Excel.Range)datasheet.Cells[i+2,1];
21         if(range.Value2!=null &&range.Value2.ToString()!="")                {                        SrcterminalId[i]=range.Value2.ToString();
22         }                    range=(Excel.Range)datasheet.Cells[i+2,2];
23         if(range.Value2!=null && range.Value2.ToString()!="")                {                        DestterminalId[i]=range.Value2.ToString();
24         }
25         range=(Excel.Range)datasheet.Cells[i+2,3];                    if(range.Value2!=null && range.Value2.ToString()!="")
26         {                        SendContent[i]=range.Value2.ToString();
27         }                   
28     }
29 }
30 datasheet=null;
31 sheets=null;
32 app.Quit();
33 app=null;
34
 
         测试正确。
B>Write
   I.调用com组件(Access),导出access数据到Excel,就是直接调用access的导出功能,此方法速度超级快
 
 1 private void AccessExport(String strFilePath)
 2 {
 3     Access.ApplicationClass oAccess=new Access.ApplicationClass();
 4     oAccess.Visible=false;
 5     try
 6     {
 7         //Access9                oAccess.OpenCurrentDatabase(strFilePath,false);
 8         //导出到Excel                  oAccess.DoCmd.TransferSpreadsheet(Access.AcDataTransferType.acExport,Access.AcSpreadSheetType.acSpreadsheetTypeExcel9,"test1","D://test1.xls",true,null,null);
 9         //导出到txt                oAccess.DoCmd.TransferText(Access.AcTextTransferType.acExportDelim,"","test1","D://test1.txt",true,"",0);            oAccess.CloseCurrentDatabase();        oAccess.DoCmd.Quit(Access.AcQuitOption.acQuitSaveNone);        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(oAccess);
10         oAccess=null;
11         MessageBox.Show("导入成功");
12     }
13     catch(Exception ex)
14     {
15         MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
16     }
17     finally
18     {
19         GC.Collect();
20     }
21 }
22
 II.此方法速度也是超级快，只不过导出的格式非标准的Excel格式，默认工作表名与文件名相同
 
 1 private void DataTableToExcel(String strDBPath)
 2 {
 3     String AccessConnectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strDBPath;        System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection con=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(AccessConnectionString);            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter oda=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter("select * from test1",con);
 4     System.Data.DataTable dt=new System.Data.DataTable();
 5     oda.Fill(dt);
 6     con.Close();
 7
 8         String FilePath="D://test1.xls";
 9     System.IO.FileStream objFileStream;
10     System.IO.StreamWriter objStreamWriter;
11     objFileStream=new System.IO.FileStream(FilePath,System.IO.FileMode.Create,System.IO.FileAccess.Write);
12     objStreamWriter=new System.IO.StreamWriter(objFileStream,System.Text.Encoding.Unicode);
13     String strLine="";
14     for(Int32 i=0;i15     {//Convert.ToChar(9) /t
16          strLine=strLine+dt.Columns[i].ColumnName.ToString()+Convert.ToChar(9);
17     }            objStreamWriter.WriteLine(strLine);
18     strLine="";
19     for(Int32 i=0;i20     {                        strLine=strLine+(i+1)+Convert.ToChar(9);
21         for(Int32 j=1;j22         {                         strLine=strLine+dt.Rows[i][j].ToString()+Convert.ToChar(9);
23         }                        objStreamWriter.WriteLine(strLine);
24         strLine="";
25     }
26     objStreamWriter.Close();
27     objFileStream.Close();
28 }
29
 
III.用Ado.net 此方法速度较以上两个显得慢了一些，数据量越大越明显
 
 1 private void AdoExportExcel(String strDBPath)
 2 {
 3     String AccessConnectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strDBPath;        System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection con=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(AccessConnectionString);            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter oda=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter("select * from test1",con);
 4     System.Data.DataTable dt=new System.Data.DataTable();
 5     oda.Fill(dt);
 6     con.Close();
 7
 8     String strFilePath="D://test.xls";
 9     Int64 totalCount=dt.Rows.Count;
10     Int64 rowRead=0;
11     float percent=0;            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbParameter[] parm=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbParameter[dt.Columns.Count];
12     String connString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strFilePath+";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;'";            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection objCon=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(connString);            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand objCom=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand();
13     objCom.Connection=objCon;
14     objCon.Open();
15     //建立表结构            objCom.CommandText=@"create table Sheet1(序号 Integer,名称 varchar)";
16     objCom.ExecuteNonQuery();
17     //建立插入动作的Command,OleDbCommand是支持parameters的，但是使用的时候和SqlCommand有所区别    //sqlCom.CommandText=@"insert into Sheet1 values(@Id,@Name)";            objCom.CommandText=@"insert into Sheet1 values(?,?)";
18     parm[0]=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbParameter("@Id",System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.Integer);
19     objCom.Parameters.Add(parm[0]);
20     parm[1]=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbParameter("@Name",System.Data.OleDb.OleDbType.VarChar);
21     objCom.Parameters.Add(parm[1]);
22     //便利DataTable将数据插入新建的Excel文件中
23     for(Int32 i=0;i24     {
25         parm[0].Value=dt.Rows[i][0];
26         for(Int32 j=1;j27             parm[j].Value=dt.Rows[i][j];
28                    objCom.ExecuteNonQuery();
29         rowRead++;
30         percent=((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;
31         Console.WriteLine("正在导出数据，已导出["+percent.ToString("0.00")+"%]");
32         if(i==dt.Rows.Count-1)
33                     Console.WriteLine("请稍后.");
34     System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
35     }
36     objCon.Close();
37 }
38
 
IV.此方法调用com组件(Excel)，速度都慢于以上3个方法
 
 1 private void ComExportToExcel(String strDBPath)
 2 {
 3     String AccessConnectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strDBPath;
 4     System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection con=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(AccessConnectionString);
 5     System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter oda=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter("select * from test1",con);
 6     System.Data.DataTable dt=new System.Data.DataTable();
 7     oda.Fill(dt);
 8     con.Close();
 9
10     String strFilePath="D://test.xls";
11     Int64 totalCount=dt.Rows.Count;
12     Int64 rowRead=0;
13     float percent=0;
14     Excel.Application xlApp=null;
15     xlApp=new Excel.ApplicationClass();
16     Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks;
17         Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
18     Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1
19     Excel.Range range;
20     //写入字段
21     for(Int32 i=0;i22     {
23         worksheet.Cells[1,i+1]=dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;
24         range=(Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1,i+1];
25     }
26     for(Int32 r=0;r27     {
28         for(Int32 i=0;i29         {                    worksheet.Cells[r+2,i+1]=dt.Rows[r][i];
30         }
31         rowRead++;
32         percent=((float)(100*rowRead))/totalCount;                Console.WriteLine("正在导出数据，已导出["+percent.ToString("0.00")+"%]");
33         if(r==dt.Rows.Count-1)                Console.WriteLine("请稍后.");    System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
34     }            range=worksheet.get_Range(worksheet.Cells[2,1],worksheet.Cells[dt.Rows.Count+1,dt.Columns.Count]);
35     workbook.Saved=true;
36     workbook.SaveCopyAs(strFilePath);
37 }
38
 
V.利用剪贴板 ,有人说此方法很快,不使用Web,web可以用二维数组
 
 1 private void ExportToExcel(String strDBPath)
 2 {
 3     String AccessConnectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source="+strDBPath;        System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection con=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(AccessConnectionString);            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter oda=new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter("select * from test1",con);
 4     System.Data.DataTable dt=new System.Data.DataTable();
 5     oda.Fill(dt);
 6     con.Close();
 7
 8     String strFilePath="D://test.xls";
 9     Object oMissing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value;
10     Excel.ApplicationClass xlApp=new Excel.ApplicationClass();
11     try
12     {                        xlApp.Visible=false;            xlApp.DisplayAlerts=false;        Excel.Workbooks oBooks=xlApp.Workbooks;                        Excel.Workbook xlWorkbook=null;        xlWorkbook=oBooks.Open(strFilePath,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing,oMissing);                Excel.Worksheet xlWorksheet;
13         //添加一个新的Sheet页
14         xlWorksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)xlWorkbook.Worksheets.Add(oMissing,oMissing,1,oMissing);
15         //以TableName作为新加的Sheet页名        xlWorksheet.Name="企业";
16         //取出这个DataTable中的所有值，暂存于stringBuffer中
17         String stringBuffer="";
18         for(Int32 j=0;j19         {
20             for(Int32 k=0;k21             {                    stringBuffer+=dt.Rows[j][k].ToString();                        if(k22             }                    stringBuffer+="/n";
23         }
24         //利用系统剪贴板            System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.SetDataObject("");
25         //将stringBuffer放入剪贴板    System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.SetDataObject(stringBuffer);
26         //选中这个sheet页中的第一个单元格
27         ((Excel.Range)xlWorksheet.Cells[1,1]).Select();
28         //粘贴                xlWorksheet.Paste(oMissing,oMissing);
29         //清空系统剪贴板            System.Windows.Forms.Clipboard.SetDataObject("");
30
31         //保存并关闭这个工作薄            xlWorkbook.Close(Excel.XlSaveAction.xlSaveChanges,oMissing,oMissing);    System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xlWorkbook);                xlWorkbook=null;
32         xlApp.Quit();
33         xlApp=null;
34     }
35     catch(Exception ex)
36     {
37         MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
38     }
39 }

本文来自CSDN博客，转载出处：http://blog.csdn.net/liycumt/archive/2007/08/27/1760271.aspx