苹果AppId登录注册

苹果授权登陆方式

1. PC/M端授权登陆，采用协议类似于oauth2协议
2. App端授权登陆，提供两种后端验证方式

开发者后台配置

详细配置参考该文档，手把手教学
https://developer.okta.com/blog/2019/06/04/what-the-heck-is-sign-in-with-apple

1、 PC/M接入方式

• https://appleid.apple.com/auth/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=&redirect_uri=&state=1234
• 参考上面的后台配置，其中client_id对应的是Services ID，redirect_uri就是后台配置的接收code码的地址

2、APP端客户端授权登陆功能开发，可以参考如下文档

• https://www.jianshu.com/p/23b46dea2076

重点讲解苹果授权登陆后端如何验证

针对后端验证苹果提供了两种验证方式，一种是基于JWT的算法验证，另外一种是基于授权码的验证

1、基于JWT的算法验证

• 使用到的Apple公钥接口：https://appleid.apple.com/auth/keys
• 详细接口文档说明参见：https://developer.apple.com/documentation/signinwithapplerestapi/fetch_apple_s_public_key_for_verifying_token_signature
• 接口返回值：

{  
"keys": [
    {
      "kty": "RSA", 
      "kid": "AIDOPK1",
      "use": "sig",
      "alg": "RS256",
      "n": "lxrwmuYSAsTfn-lUu4goZSXBD9ackM9OJuwUVQHmbZo6GW4Fu_auUdN5zI7Y1dEDfgt7m7QXWbHuMD01HLnD4eRtY-RNwCWdjNfEaY_esUPY3OVMrNDI15Ns13xspWS3q-13kdGv9jHI28P87RvMpjz_JCpQ5IM44oSyRnYtVJO-320SB8E2Bw92pmrenbp67KRUzTEVfGU4-obP5RZ09OxvCr1io4KJvEOjDJuuoClF66AT72WymtoMdwzUmhINjR0XSqK6H0MdWsjw7ysyd_JhmqX5CAaT9Pgi0J8lU_pcl215oANqjy7Ob-VMhug9eGyxAWVfu_1u6QJKePlE-w",
      "e": "AQAB"
    }  
]
}

kid，为密钥id标识，签名算法采用的是RS256（RSA 256 + SHA 256），kty常量标识使用RSA签名算法，其公钥参数为n和e，其值采用了BASE64编码，使用时需要先解码

• 使用方式：APP内苹果授权登陆会提供如下几个参数：userID、email、fullName、authorizationCode、 identityToken
  • userID：授权的用户唯一标识
  • email、fullName：授权的用户资料
  • authorizationCode：授权code
  • identityToken：授权用户的JWT凭证

下面针对identityToken后端验证做简要说明：

• identityToken参考样例：

// jwt 格式
eyJraWQiOiJBSURPUEsxIiwiYWxnIjoiUlMyNTYifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJodHRwczovL2FwcGxlaWQuYXBwbGUuY29tIiwiYXVkIjoiY29tLnNreW1pbmcuZGV2aWNlbW9uaXRvciIsImV4cCI6MTU2NTY2ODA4NiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1NjY3NDg2LCJzdWIiOiIwMDEyNDcuOTNiM2E3OTlhN2M4NGMwY2I0NmNkMDhmMTAwNzk3ZjIuMDcwNCIsImNfaGFzaCI6Ik9oMmFtOWVNTldWWTNkcTVKbUNsYmciLCJhdXRoX3RpbWUiOjE1NjU2Njc0ODZ9.e-pdwK4iKWErr_Gcpkzo8JNi_MWh7OMnA15FvyOXQxTx0GsXzFT3qE3DmXqAar96nx3EqsHI1Qgquqt2ogyj-lLijK_46ifckdqPjncTEGzVWkNTX8uhY7M867B6aUnmR7u-cf2HsmhXrvgsJLGp2TzCI3oTp-kskBOeCPMyTxzNURuYe8zabBlUy6FDNIPeZwZXZqU0Fr3riv2k1NkGx5MqFdUq3z5mNfmWbIAuU64Z3yKhaqwGd2tey1Xxs4hHa786OeYFF3n7G5h-4kQ4lf163G6I5BU0etCRSYVKqjq-OL-8z8dHNqvTJtAYanB3OHNWCHevJFHJ2nWOTT3sbw
 
// header 解码
{"kid":"AIDOPK1","alg":"RS256"} 其中kid对应上文说的密钥id
 
// claims 解码
{
	"iss":"https://appleid.apple.com",
	"aud":"com.skyming.devicemonitor",
	"exp":1565668086,"iat":1565667486,
	"sub":"001247.93b3a799a7c84c0cb46cd08f100797f2.0704",
	"c_hash":"Oh2am9eMNWVY3dq5JmClbg",
	"auth_time":1565667486
}
 
其中 iss标识是苹果签发的，aud是接收者的APP ID，该token的有效期是10分钟，sub就是用户的唯一标识

如何验证？

首先通过identityToken中的header中的kid，然后结合苹果获取公钥的接口，拿到相应的n和e的值，然后通过下面这个方法构建RSA公钥
 
public RSAPublicKeySpec build(String n, String e) {  
    BigInteger modulus = new BigInteger(1, Base64.decodeBase64(n));
    BigInteger publicExponent = new BigInteger(1, Base64.decodeBase64(e));
    return new RSAPublicKeySpec(modulus, publicExponent);    
}
 
通过下面这个方法验证JWT的有效性
public int verify(PublicKey key, String jwt, String audience, String subject) {                      
    JwtParser jwtParser = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(key);              
    jwtParser.requireIssuer("https://appleid.apple.com");        
    jwtParser.requireAudience(audience);
    jwtParser.requireSubject(subject); 
    try {
       Jws<Claims> claim = jwtParser.parseClaimsJws(jwt);
       if (claim != null && claim.getBody().containsKey("auth_time")) {  
          return GlobalCode.SUCCESS;            
       }           
       return GlobalCode.THIRD_AUTH_CODE_INVALID;
    } catch (ExpiredJwtException e) { 
       log.error("apple identityToken expired", e);
       return GlobalCode.THIRD_AUTH_CODE_INVALID;
    } catch (Exception e) {
       log.error("apple identityToken illegal", e);
       return GlobalCode.FAIL_ILLEGAL_REQ;
    }
}
 
使用的JWT工具库为：
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>

2、基于授权码的后端验证

• 首先需要了解如何构建client_secret，详细文档可以参考如下两个：
• https://developer.okta.com/blog/2019/06/04/what-the-heck-is-sign-in-with-apple
• https://developer.apple.com/documentation/signinwithapplerestapi/generate_and_validate_tokens

首先说下client_secret的构建方法：

先在后台生成授权应用APP ID的密钥KEY文件，然后下载密钥文件格式样例：
 
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
   BASE64编码后的密钥
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
 
public  byte[] readKey() throws Exception {
    String temp = "密钥文件中间的编码字符串";
    return Base64.decodeBase64(temp);
}
 
构建client_secret关键代码：
 
String client_id = "..."; // 被授权的APP ID
Map<String, Object> header = new HashMap<String, Object>();
header.put("kid", "密钥id"); // 参考后台配置
Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<String, Object>();
claims.put("iss", "team id"); // 参考后台配置 team id
long now = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000;
claims.put("iat", now);
claims.put("exp", now + 86400 * 30); // 最长半年，单位秒
claims.put("aud", "https://appleid.apple.com"); // 默认值
claims.put("sub", client_id);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(readKey());
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("EC");
PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec);
String client_secret = Jwts.builder().setHeader(header).setClaims(claims).signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.ES256, privateKey).compact();         

如何验证？

String url = "https://appleid.apple.com/auth/token";
// POST 请求
HttpSynClient client = new HttpSynClient(5000, 5000, 5000, 20);
Map<String, String> form = new HashMap<String, String>();
form.put("client_id", client_id);
form.put("client_secret", client_secret);
form.put("code", code);form.put("grant_type","authorization_code");
form.put("redirect_uri", redirectUrl);
HttpResponse result = client.excutePost(url, form);
System.out.println(result);

返回值样例：

{
"access_token":"a0996b16cfb674c0eb0d29194c880455b.0.nsww.5fi5MVC-i3AVNhddrNg7Qw",
"token_type":"Bearer",
"expires_in":3600,
"refresh_token":"r9ee922f1c8b048208037f78cd7dfc91a.0.nsww.KlV2TeFlTr7YDdZ0KtvEQQ",
"id_token":"eyJraWQiOiJBSURPUEsxIiwiYWxnIjoiUlMyNTYifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJodHRwczovL2FwcGxlaWQuYXBwbGUuY29tIiwiYXVkIjoiY29tLnNreW1pbmcuYXBwbGVsb2dpbmRlbW8iLCJleHAiOjE1NjU2NjU1OTQsImlhdCI6MTU2NTY2NDk5NCwic3ViIjoiMDAwMjY2LmRiZTg2NWIwYWE3MjRlMWM4ODM5MDIwOWI5YzdkNjk1LjAyNTYiLCJhdF9oYXNoIjoiR0ZmODhlX1ptc0pqQ2VkZzJXem85ZyIsImF1dGhfdGltZSI6MTU2NTY2NDk2M30.J6XFWmbr0a1hkJszAKM2wevJF57yZt-MoyZNI9QF76dHfJvAmFO9_RP9-tz4pN4ua3BuSJpUbwzT2xFD_rBjsNWkU-ZhuSAONdAnCtK2Vbc2AYEH9n7lB2PnOE1mX5HwY-dI9dqS9AdU4S_CjzTGnvFqC9H5pt6LVoCF4N9dFfQnh2w7jQrjTic_JvbgJT5m7vLzRx-eRnlxQIifEsHDbudzi3yg7XC9OL9QBiTyHdCQvRdsyRLrewJT6QZmi6kEWrV9E21WPC6qJMsaIfGik44UgPOnNnjdxKPzxUAa-Lo1HAzvHcAX5i047T01ltqvHbtsJEZxAB6okmwco78JQA"
}

其中id_token是一个JWT，其中claims中的sub就是授权的用户唯一标识，该token也可以使用上述的验证方法进行有效性验证，另外授权code是有时效性的，且使用一次即失效