DOCKER学习之(二) 容器部分常用命令
一、运行容器
Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Run a command in a new container
参数
-a, --attach=[] Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
--add-host=[] Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip)
-c, --cpu-shares=0 CPU shares (relative weight)
--cap-add=[] Add Linux capabilities
--cap-drop=[] Drop Linux capabilities
--cgroup-parent= Optional parent cgroup for the container
--cidfile= Write the container ID to the file
--cpuset-cpus= CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1)
-d, --detach=false Run container in background and print container ID
--device=[] Add a host device to the container
--dns=[] Set custom DNS servers
--dns-search=[] Set custom DNS search domains
-e, --env=[] Set environment variables//见Dockfile中的ENV
--entrypoint= Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image
--env-file=[] Read in a file of environment variables
--expose=[] Expose a port or a range of ports
-h, --hostname= Container host name
--help=false Print usage
-i, --interactive=false Keep STDIN open even if not attached
--ipc= IPC namespace to use
-l, --label=[] Set meta data on a container
--label-file=[] Read in a line delimited file of labels
--link=[] Add link to another container
--log-driver= Logging driver for container
--lxc-conf=[] Add custom lxc options
-m, --memory= Memory limit
--mac-address= Container MAC address (e.g. 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33)
--memory-swap= Total memory (memory + swap), '-1' to disable swap
--name= Assign a name to the container
--net=bridge Set the Network mode for the container
-P, --publish-all=false Publish all exposed ports to random ports//公开Dockfile 中的保留端口到随机端口
-p, --publish=[] Publish a container's port(s) to the host //宿主机端口:容器端口（80则宿主机端口随机，（1）在ps中可以查看，（2） docker port name/id 端口）
--pid= PID namespace to use
--privileged=false Give extended privileges to this container
--read-only=false Mount the container's root filesystem as read only
--restart=no Restart policy to apply when a container exits//检查容器退出代码，自动重启容器。例如： --restart=on-failure:5 //退出代码为非0时，才会自动重启。--restart=always 总是重启
--rm=false Automatically remove the container when it exits//退出时自动删除
--security-opt=[] Security Options
--sig-proxy=true Proxy received signals to the process
-t, --tty=false Allocate a pseudo-TTY
-u, --user= Username or UID (format: [: --ulimit=[] Ulimit options
-v, --volume=[] Bind mount a volume//加载卷列表 见Dockfile中的VOLUME
--volumes-from=[] Mount volumes from the specified container(s)
-w, --workdir= Working directory inside the container//指定容器工作目录 见Dockfile中的WORKDIR
例如1 以交互方式运行一个容器
sudo docker run -it ubuntu /bin/bash 例如2给容器指定一个命名
sudo docker run --name one-name -it ubuntu /bin/bash 例如3创建守护式容器
sudo docker run --name one-name -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo hello world;sleep 1;done"二、 容器日志
Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
参数
-f, --follow=false Follow log output
--help=false Print usage
-t, --timestamps=false Show timestamps
--tail=all Number of lines to show from the end of the logs
例如：
sudo docker logs name/id
–tail 0 -f 最新日志
–tail 10 -f 最后10行记录
三、 查看容器内的进程
Usage: docker top [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]例如：
sudo docker top name/id四、 在容器内部运行进程
Usage: docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
Run a command in a running container
参数：
-d, --detach=false Detached mode: run command in the background
--help=false Print usage
-i, --interactive=false Keep STDIN open even if not attached
-t, --tty=false Allocate a pseudo-TTY
例如：交互式命令
sudo docker exec -it name/id /bin/bash创建文件
sudo docker exec -d name/id touch /etc/new_file五、停止守护容器
Usage: docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Stop a running container by sending SIGTERM and then SIGKILL after a
grace period
--help=false Print usage
-t, --time=10 Seconds to wait for stop before killing it
六、重新启动已经停止的容器(restart)
Usage: docker start [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Start one or more stopped containers
参数
-a, --attach=false Attach STDOUT/STDERR and forward signals
--help=false Print usage
-i, --interactive=false Attach container's STDIN
例如：
sudo docker start name/id sudo docker restart name/id七、删除容器
Usage: docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Remove one or more containers
参数
-f, --force=false Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)
--help=false Print usage
-l, --link=false Remove the specified link
-v, --volumes=false Remove the volumes associated with the container
八、深入容器信息
包括配置信息，名称，命令、网路配置以及很多有用数据
Usage: docker inspect [OPTIONS] CONTAINER|IMAGE [CONTAINER|IMAGE...]
Return low-level information on a container or image
参数
-f, --format= Format the output using the given go template
--help=false Print usage
九、 容器列表
Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
参数：
-a, --all=false Show all containers (default shows just running)
--before= Show only container created before Id or Name
-f, --filter=[] Filter output based on conditions provided
--help=false Print usage
-l, --latest=false Show the latest created container, include non-running
-n=-1 Show n last created containers, include non-running
--no-trunc=false Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet=false Only display numeric IDs
-s, --size=false Display total file sizes
--since= Show created since Id or Name, include non-running