ceph-deploy安装monitor的问题

安装前提示

操作系统选择要注意:

  • Ceph Kernel Client

    We currently recommend:

    • 4.1.4 or later
    • 3.16.3 or later (rbd deadlock regression in 3.16.[0-2])
    • NOT 3.15.* (rbd deadlock regression)
    • 3.14.*

    These are considered pretty old, but if you must:

    • 3.10.*

    Firefly (CRUSH_TUNABLES3) tunables are supported starting with 3.15. See CRUSH Tunables for more details.

  • B-tree File System (Btrfs)

    If you use the btrfs file system with Ceph, we recommend using a recent Linux kernel (3.14 or later).

请详细读过官网对于client内核需求和ceph节点内核需求之后再选择Linux版本,内核版本,ceph版本,否则有些功能不支持什么的很蛋疼,官网详细->detail

确保内存、cpu、磁盘不要再满载情况 :

   *  monitor默认是会安装在主磁盘空间上的,磁盘空间 运行 ceph health   会提示 HEALTH_WARN mon.test-2 low disk space

   *  osd可以选择安装目录和磁盘,使用闲置磁盘。也可以动态添加。

   *  安装环境的内核版本有也有要求,否则会出现rdb映射失败的情况,看官网内核推荐

1)If you are using ext4 file system, you need to place this in config global section: filestore xattr use omap = true

2)the ext4 is too small to be usable. If you are using the ext4 filesystem for your Ceph OSD, you should always add
filestore xattr use omap = true to the following setting to the [OSD] section of your ceph.conf file. 

ceph对于磁盘是有一定的限制的,默认配置中,ceph要求monitor安装目录所在磁盘available空间 >5%(总磁盘空间)

Tip  不顾分区而在单个硬盘上运行多个OSD,这样不明智

Tip 不顾分区而在运行了OSD的硬盘上同时运行监视器或元数据服务器也不明智!  

文件系统也有一定要求(最大文件扩展属性 osd maxobject name length 默认是2048,一般ext4 是1024) detail

安装方法主要参考官网

可以借鉴网文:点击打开链接

0、安装中提示

1) 提供一种简单有效的方式来处理安装过程中出现的问题:

如果在某些地方碰到麻烦,想从头再来,可以用下列命令清除配置:
ceph-deploy purgedata {ceph-node} [{ceph-node}]
ceph-deploy forgetkeys
用下列命令可以连 Ceph 安装包一起清除:
ceph-deploy purge {ceph-node} [{ceph-node}]
如果执行了 purge ,你必须重新安装 Ceph 。

2) ceph配置文件样例(osd pool default size = 2 只用于测试或者你不需要3份副本来保证 数据reliable):

[global]
fsid = f3349fe2-52b3-47fc-9c29-55573490f41f
mon_initial_members = ceph-3
mon_host = 192.168.10.15
auth_cluster_required = cephx
auth_service_required = cephx
auth_client_required = cephx
osd pool default size = 2
osd max object name len = 256
osd max object namespace len = 64
rbd_default_features =3

------------------------------------------------------------------

rbd_default_features = 1+2=3(目前内核只支持1 、2 特性 )

3)mdzz 网络问题

使用国内镜像加速下载 (detail)

export CEPH_DEPLOY_REPO_URL=http://mirrors.163.com/ceph/debian-jewel
export CEPH_DEPLOY_GPG_URL=http://mirrors.163.com/ceph/keys/release.asc
ceph-deploy install node-1 node-2 node-3 node-4

4)常用的参数

ceph-deploy --overwrite-conf     (覆盖原来的配置文件)

1、admin_socket问题

执行上述命令之后,遇到的蛋疼的问题:

admin_socket: exception getting command descriptions: [Errno 2] No such file or directory


谷歌之后发现有很多原因会引起这个问题。

查看

 /var/run/ceph 目录下的ceph日志,里面能够查出具体的原因。

我遇到的是 磁盘空间不够了,默认磁盘少于5%就会报错。需要在ceph.conf中设置 mon data avail crit =  x(百分比值)

2、 permission denied

 执行以下命令发生的权限不足问题

ceph-deploy osd activate {ceph-node}:/path/to/directory

ERROR: error creating empty object store in /var/local/osd0: (13) Permission denied

手动在主机上通过更改目录的owner(所有者) chown ceph:ceph /path/to/directory

参考 :  点击打开链接

3、文件系统的扩展属性问题  max attr value size

NOT RECOMMENDED 

We recommend against using ext4 due to limitations in the size of xattrs it can store, and the problems this causes with the way Ceph handles long RADOS object names. Although these issues will generally not surface with Ceph clusters using only short object names (e.g., an RBD workload that does not include long RBD image names), other users like RGW make extensive use of long object names and can break.

Starting with the Jewel release, the ceph-osd daemon will refuse to start if the configured max object name cannot be safely stored on ext4. If the cluster is only being used with short object names (e.g., RBD only), you can continue using ext4 by setting the following configuration option:

osd max object name len = 256
osd max object namespace len = 64

Note

 

This may result in difficult-to-diagnose errors if you try to use RGW or other librados clients that do not properly handle or politely surface any resulting ENAMETOOLONG errors.

4、ceph health 

提示 HEALTH_WARN 64 pgs incomplete; 64 pgs stuck inactive; 64 pgs stuck unclean

参照  link 

5、 reached critical levels of available space on local monitor storage
mon主磁盘空间不足导致 mon自动shutdown 问题 link 如果不降低磁盘的使用率是无法启动ceph mon的
6、基准测试 benchmark
磁盘读写速度、网络传输速度,通过与本地磁盘比较,官网测试用例 detail
类似的性能测试  link 
7、基准测试遇到的问题
rbd映射失败
rbd: sysfs write failed
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try "dmesg | tail" or so.
rbd: map failed: (5) Input/output error
通过dmesg查看了下日志
 libceph: mon0 192.168.10.2:6789 feature set mismatch, my 4a042a42 < server's 2004a042a42, missing 20000000000
Google了下, Feature Set Mismatch Error on Ceph Kernel Client  ceph内核客户端特征集不匹配问题 ,解决参考 : link
8、阿里云问题?
  请您尝试 注释了/etc/apt/apt.conf文件中的 Acquire::http::Proxy "http://mirrors.aliyun.com/" 然后再尝试是否正常 
9、 rbd: map failed: (6) No such device or address
由于有些功能Linux内核不支持,导致被disable 。如果真的需要解封, 原文 
Tried to follow along here: http://docs.ceph.com/docs/hammer/start/quick-rbd/

But on my Ubuntu 16.04 client, when it got to the rbd map command, I got:

$ sudo rbd map foo --pool rbd --name client.admin
rbd: sysfs write failed
rbd: map failed: (6) No such device or address
$
Found the reason here: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ceph/+bug/1578484

Got it working with:

$ rbd feature disable foo exclusive-lock object-map fast-diff deep-flatten
Now the map works:

$ sudo rbd map foo --pool rbd --name client.admin
/dev/rbd0
$
Has to do with these new Ceph features not being supported by the kernel client, which is why they must be disabled.
上面的问题的根本原因:
ceph的server是定期会发布版本,而它的客户端是放到linux 内核当中的,一些属性的支持是依赖于内核版本的,这样就存在一些问题,一些功能后端支持,而客户端旧了;还有可能是客户端用的很新的内核,而后端比较旧不支持,所以查看了下内核中的  features  文件,可以看到这个对应关系,总结了下就是下面的列表  

rbd map问题
使用rbd map镜像时候报错
#rbd map foo
  rbd: sysfs write failedRBD image feature set mismatch. You can disable features unsupported by the kernel with "rbd feature disable".In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try "dmesg | tail" or so.rbd: map failed: (6) No such device or address
查看具体的信息
# rbd info foo
rbd image 'foo': size 1024 MB in 256 objects order 22 (4096 kB objects) block_name_prefix: rbd_data.10612ae8944a format: 2 features: layering, exclusive-lock, object-map, fast-diff, deep-flatten flags:
部分eature概不支持。我们需要手动disable这些features: 具体操作见 detail
具体查看内核(uname -a),Linux内核和ceph feature对应关系(原文) :

关于属性支持的,目前到内核4.6仍然只支持layering ,striping
增加删除monitor
官网操作说明,detail
firewall-cmd来开放端口

ceph要求固定端口开放使用,可以通过firewall-cmd来控制端口开放之类的工作

ceph-deploy安装monitor的问题_第1张图片 

                                (截图来自ceph cookbook )

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