Rman备份异机恢复指南续

  先前整理了一篇rman备份异机恢复的文档，那篇文档比较偏向复杂型，需要对oracle的整个体系结构有一定的了解才能领悟，类似于oracle的手工建库 ；文章地址：http://ylw6006.blog.51cto.com/470441/659104
 其实oracle 10g的rman也提供了类似于DBCA一样的简便工具来实现rman备份的异机恢复，也就是duplicate，下面来介绍下操作步骤：
 
 环境介绍：
 源数据库：
 IP：192.168.227.20/24
 SID: orcl
 操作系统版本：rhel5.4 32位
 oracle版本：10.2.0.1
 
 辅助数据库：
  IP：192.168.227.30/24
 SID: orcl
 操作系统版本：rhel5.4 32位
 oracle版本：10.2.0.1（只安装oracle软件，不建库）

1:准备auxiliary数据库相关目录和文件：

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/orcl/{adump,bdump,cdump,dpdump,pfile,udump}
[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area/
[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl
[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
[oracle@auxiliary dbs]$ orapwd file=orapworcl password=123456 entries=5
[oracle@auxiliary dbs]$ strings orapworcl
]\[Z
ORACLE Remote Password file
INTERNAL
203EBE72907E750E
466C75A1248EDE33

2：从源服务器上创建并复制参数文件到辅助数据库：

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/initorcl.ora' from spfile;
File created.

SQL> !scp /home/oracle/initorcl.ora [email protected]:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs
[email protected]'s password:
initorcl.ora                    100% 1041     1.0KB/s   00:00

备注：
如果存储位置不同的话，还需要添加以下参数，对数据文件位置进行转换。
db_file_name_convert = ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/yang')

3:在源服务器端利用备份oracle数据库，将备份好的数据复制到辅助数据库上，位置需要相同，oracle 11g据说可以免掉这步，这在迁移海量数据的时候确实很有优势，越来越智能了，回头也会在11g上测试下

[oracle@primary ~]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/backup
[oracle@primary ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 14:28:23 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1287906064)

RMAN>  backup incremental level 0
2> format '/home/oracle/backup/inr0_%U'
3> tag 'inr0_bak20111008' database
4> plus archivelog delete all input;
RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/home/oracle/backup/controlfile20111008' tag 'ctl20111008';
备注：据实验结果显示，控制文件可以不备份也能成功！rman自动备份控制文件选项未开启

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/backup
[oracle@auxiliary backup]$ scp -rvp [email protected]:/home/oracle/backup/* ./

4：在辅助数据库上配置tnsnames串

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
[oracle@auxiliary admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora
primary =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.227.20)(PORT = 1521))
    )
   (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl.herostart.com)
    )

orcl =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.227.30)(PORT = 1521))
    )
   (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl.herostart.com)
    )

5:启动辅助数据库到nomount状态

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ lsnrctl start
[oracle@auxiliary  ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 14:54:58 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218316 bytes
Variable Size              62916852 bytes
Database Buffers          100663296 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

6：在辅助数据库进行duplicate操作

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ rman target sys/123456@primary auxiliary /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 15:07:21 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1287906064)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database to orcl nofilenamecheck;
……………………………………………………其他输出省略……………………………………………………
contents of Memory Script:
{
   Alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script

database opened
Finished Duplicate Db at 2011-10-08:15:10:29

7:验证

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 15:11:55 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select name,dbid,open_mode from v$database;

NAME            DBID OPEN_MODE
--------- ---------- ----------
ORCL      1291784142 READ WRITE

8：增量备份的异机恢复

[oracle@primary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 15:22:17 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> create table hr.inr1_duplicate as select * from dba_source;
Table created.

SQL> commit;
Commit complete.

RMAN> backup incremental level 1
2> format '/home/oracle/backup/inr1_%U'
3> tag 'inr1_20111008'
4> database plus archivelog delete all input;

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ cd /home/oracle/backup/
[oracle@auxiliary backup]$ scp -rvp [email protected]:/home/oracle/backup/inr1* ./
[oracle@auxiliary backup]$ ll -h inr1*
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  83K Oct  8 15:29 inr1_0emoji6b_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  60M Oct  8 15:30 inr1_0fmoji6d_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6.9M Oct  8 15:30 inr1_0gmoji7s_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7.5K Oct  8 15:30 inr1_0hmoji7u_1_1

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 15:34:03 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from hr.inr1_duplicate;
select count(*) from hr.inr1_duplicate
                        *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup nomount

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ rman target sys/123456@primary auxiliary /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 15:35:43 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1287906064)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database to orcl nofilenamecheck;

[oracle@auxiliary ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Oct 8 15:38:26 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from hr.inr1_duplicate;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    292428