yum与apt-get的区别以及两者更新源（阿里/网易【163】）

 一般来说著名的linux系统基本上分两大类：

 

1.RedHat系列：Redhat、Centos、Fedora等

2.Debian系列：Debian、Ubuntu等

 

RedHat 系列

1 常见的安装包格式 rpm包,安装rpm包的命令是“rpm -参数”

2 包管理工具 yum

3 支持tar包

 

Debian系列

1 常见的安装包格式 deb包,安装deb包的命令是“dpkg -参数”

2 包管理工具 apt-get

3 支持tar包

 

apt-get更新源

在使用apt-get update的时候，出现如下错误时：

E: Some index files failed to download, they havebeen ignored, or old ones used instead.

可以将目录下/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/所有的文件清掉，再次运行apt-get update即可！

 

1、复制原文件备份

sudo cp /etc/apt/source.list/etc/apt/source.list.bak

2、编辑源列表文件

sudo vim /etc/apt/source.list

3、将原来的列表删除，添加如下内容

 

阿里

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid mainrestricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universemultiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universemultiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universemultiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universemultiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universemultiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricteduniverse multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricteduniverse multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricteduniverse multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricteduniverse multiverse

 

网易

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid main universe restricted multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid main universe restricted multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-updates universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-proposed universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-backports universe main multiverse restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/lucid-updates universe main multiverse restricted

 

4、运行sudo apt-get update

5、运行sudo apt-get upgrade

 

yum更新源

1、复制原文件备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

 

2、下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/

CentOS 5

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

 

CentOS 6

 

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

 

CentOS 7

 

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

 

3、之后运行yum makecache生成缓存