PyQt教程 - pythonQt的安装和配置及版本间差异
http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/37730443
目前发现的python下最好的图形库，wxpython、tkinter都觉得没这个好用。PyQt的核心是Qt(c++)库，一般不会占用太多时间的逻辑代码速度慢点，也不会成为瓶颈。同时，在使用方式上，PyQt并没有失去Python的优雅语法，快速开发的能力。
安装pythonQt
Linux下安装pyqt4
export SIP_URL=https://sourceforge.net/projects/pyqt/files/sip/sip-4.18.1/sip-4.18.1.tar.gz
export PYQT4_URL=http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyqt/files/PyQt4/PyQt-4.11.4/PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11.4.tar.gz
export VIRENV=~/ENV/ubuntu_env
#export PYTHON_PATH=$VIRENV/bin/python
export PYTHON_PATH=python3
export OPT=~/opt
echo -e "\033[31;1m *****进入虚拟环境****** \033[0m"
#. $VIRENV/bin/activate
echo -e "\033[31;1m ************安装pyqt4依赖sip************* \033[0m"
test -f ../install/sip-*tar.gz || wget $SIP_URL -P ../install
test -d $OPT/sip* && rm -rf $OPT/sip*
tar -zxf ../install/sip-*tar.gz -C $OPT 1> /dev/null
cd $OPT/sip*
$PYTHON_PATH configure.py
#$PYTHON_PATH configure.py --incdir=$VIRENV/include/python
echo -e "\033[31;1m **************make************************ \033[0m"
make 1> /dev/null
echo -e "\033[31;1m *****************make install********************* \033[0m"
sudo make install 1> /dev/null
cd -
echo -e "\033[31;1m *************安装pyqt4其它依赖*********** \033[0m"
sudo apt-get install -y qt4-qmake 1> /dev/null
sudo apt-get install -y libqt4-dev 1> /dev/null
sudo apt-get install -y libqtwebkit-dev 1> /dev/null
echo -e "\033[31;1m ************安装pyqt4*************** \033[0m"
test -f ../install/PyQt-x11-gpl-4*.tar.gz || wget $PYQT4_URL -P ../install
test -f $OPT/PyQt* && rm -rf $OPT/PyQt*
tar -zxf ../install/PyQt-x11-gpl-4*.tar.gz -C $OPT 1> /dev/null
cd $OPT/PyQt*
$PYTHON_PATH configure-ng.py --qmake /usr/bin/qmake-qt4
#sudo $PYTHON_PATH configure.py --verbose
echo -e "\033[31;1m **************make************************ \033[0m"
make 1> /dev/null
echo -e "\033[31;1m *****************make install********************* \033[0m"
sudo make install 1> /dev/null
cd -
检查是否安装成功
import PyQt4
[Installing PyQt4]
安装出错及解决
sip make install
cp: cannot remove '/home/pipi/ENV/ubuntu_env/include/python3.5m/sip.h': Permission denied
make[1]: *** [install] Error 1
make: *** [install] Error 2
解决：sudo make install
python configure.py
Error: /usr/bin/qmake failed to create a makefile. Make sure you have a working Qt qmake on your PATH or use the -q argument to explicitly specify a working Qt qmake.
主要是因为没有安装qt4的qmake
Perhaps you do not have qmake installed. On Fedora this is in the Qt -devel package, but on debian / ubuntu it may be in it's own package; the two most likely candidates are:
> apt-cache search qmake
qt3-dev-tools - Qt3 development tools
qt4-qmake - Qt 4 qmake Makefile generator toolfatal error: QCoreApplication: No such file or directory compilation terminated.
qtdetail.cpp:1:28: fatal error: QCoreApplication: No such file or directory compilation terminated.
qtdetail.mk:201: recipe for target 'qtdetail.o' failed
make: *** [qtdetail.o] Error 1
Error: Failed to determine the detail of your Qt installation.
PyQt-x11-gpl-4.11.4/qtdetail.pro:3: Parse Error ('/usr/bin/qmake-qt4')
Error processing project file: qtdetail.pro
Error: Failed to determine the detail of your Qt installation.
解决：python configure.py --qmake /usr/bin/qmake-qt4
[PyQt5 installation error at ENSEEIHT]
warning: parameter ‘sipPy’ set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-parameter]
这个不用管，pyqt4已经安装成功了
from PyQt4.QtWebKit import QWebView ImportError: No module named 'PyQt4.QtWebKit'
查看pyqt4安装目录下是否有QtWebKit.so， ls env/lib/python3.5/site-packages/PyQt4$
sudo apt-get install -y libqt4-devsudo apt-get install -y libqtwebkit-dev
然而再重装pyqt4, 要重新，否则无效！
[ImportError: No module named 'PyQt4.QtWebKit']
Windows下安装pyqt5
OS: Windows 7 64bits
python version: 3
PyQt5下载 Download，选择PyQt5-5.5.1-gpl-Py3.4-Qt5.5.1-x64.exeWindows 64 bit installer下载并安装
Note:
1. 注意选择正确的Python版本和系统位数。
2. 安装PyQt并不需要一些文章中提到的先安装sip和Qt的过程，因为在安装文件中已经包括。
pyqt直接用exe文件安装较好，pip安装比较复杂。
[Installing PyQt... because it’s too good for pip or easy_install]
[How to install PyQt4 on Windows using pip?]
测试是否安装成功
import PyQt5
没报错说明安装成功
皮皮blog
pythonQt Designer配置
pyqt提供了Qt designer来设计窗口界面，用起来也非常方便，虽然做出来的界面不那么华丽。
增加系统变量QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH
D:\python3.4.2\Lib\site-packages\PyQt5\plugins
Note:这是你安装pyqt目录下的插件目录
pycharm中配置qtdesigner
PyCharm > settings > tools > external tools > +添加
Qt Designer的设置如图：
Note:
1. Program选择PyQt安装目录中 designer.exe 的路径
2. Work directory 删除后使用变量 $FileDir$ （点击后面的 Insert macro 按钮来选择），我的是包目录E:\mine\python_workspace\PyQt
Note:$FileDir$ 指的是选中文件所在文件夹路径；$FileName$指的是选中文件的文件名
pycharm中配置PyUIC
{用来将 Qt界面xml代码 转换成py代码}
PyUIC的设置类似qt designer，如图
program: Python安装路径
Parameters: -m PyQt5.uic.pyuic $FileName$ -o $FileNameWithoutExtension$.py
Work directory 使用变量 $FileDir$
配置完成后，pycharm菜单栏中tool的变化：
pycharm中配置Pyrcc
{这个是用于将qrc资源文件转换成py文件的工具的配置}
如果在qt designer中使用了qrc资源文件，而没有将其转换为py文件就会出错：import error no module named resource_rc
[ImportError: No module named resource_rc]
皮皮blog
PyQT5和PyQt4的区别
Porting to Qt5 has two aspects:
1) Getting the core PythonQt to build (that should be merely adjusting the qmake profile and maybe some incompatibilities in QMetaObject and friends)
2) Getting the Qt 4 wrappers to work (run the pythonqt_generator and see what happens… Some extra includes and fixes in the typesystem might be required)
The Qt wrappers could be done in two ways: Qt4 backward compatible (With widgets being located in PythonQt.QtGui) or Qt5 only (with widgets being located in a new PythonQt.QtWidgets package).
PyQt5的Widget被分离出来，似乎用来替代Dialog，并将Widget放入了QtWidget模块（库）中，PyQt4是QtGUI。
I would also think it might be useful to watch what PySide and PyQt are doing in that respect (google for "PySide Qt5" or "PyQt Qt5").
[sourceforge-PythonQt-Discussion]
[PyQt 5.4参考指南 ---- PyQt5和PyQt4之间的差异]
附录
TkInter的使用
[使用 Python 的 Tkinter模块 开发 IRC 客户端]
from:http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/37730443
ref:pythonqt example
Windows下PyQt4的安装