一、开发环境
1、硬件平台:UP-TECH2410DVK1.1
2、主机:PC+eclipse
二、相关原理图
LED1-->GPC5
LED2-->GPC6
LED3-->GPC7
KEY1-->EINIT3
KEY2-->EINIT5
KEY3-->EINIT9
三、基本原理
通过按键的按下而触发中断,从而进行中断处理,进而实现相应功能(如闪烁LED),然后退出中断。
如何判断按键被按下:
以KEY1为例,未按下时,因为EINT3连接的是VDD,所以为高电平,当按键发生,EINT3连接的是GND,接地,此时为低电平。
通过芯片手册可查到EINT3 、5、9连接的为复用管脚,需要先配置对应的GPIOCON,让其为中断引脚。
四、代码部分
1、head.s
@******************************************************************************
@ File:head.S
@ 功能:初始化,设置中断模式、管理模式的栈,设置好中断处理函数
@******************************************************************************
.extern main
.text
.global _start
_start:
@******************************************************************************
@ 中断向量,本程序中,除Reset和HandleIRQ外,其它异常都没有使用
@******************************************************************************
b Reset
@ 0x04: 未定义指令中止模式的向量地址
HandleUndef:
b HandleUndef
@ 0x08: 管理模式的向量地址,通过SWI指令进入此模式
HandleSWI:
b HandleSWI
@ 0x0c: 指令预取终止导致的异常的向量地址
HandlePrefetchAbort:
b HandlePrefetchAbort
@ 0x10: 数据访问终止导致的异常的向量地址
HandleDataAbort:
b HandleDataAbort
@ 0x14: 保留
HandleNotUsed:
b HandleNotUsed
@ 0x18: 中断模式的向量地址
b HandleIRQ
@ 0x1c: 快中断模式的向量地址
HandleFIQ:
b HandleFIQ
Reset:
ldr sp, =4096 @ 设置栈指针,以下都是C函数,调用前需要设好栈
bl disable_watch_dog @ 关闭WATCHDOG,否则CPU会不断重启
msr cpsr_c, #0xd2 @ 进入中断模式
ldr sp, =3072 @ 设置中断模式栈指针
msr cpsr_c, #0xd3 @ 进入管理模式
ldr sp, =4096 @ 设置管理模式栈指针,
@ 其实复位之后,CPU就处于管理模式,
@ 前面的“ldr sp, =4096”完成同样的功能,此句可省略
bl init_led @ 初始化LED的GPIO管脚
bl init_irq @ 调用中断初始化函数,在init.c中
msr cpsr_c, #0x5f @ 设置I-bit=0,开IRQ中断
ldr lr, =halt_loop @ 设置返回地址
ldr pc, =main @ 调用main函数
halt_loop:
b halt_loop
HandleIRQ:
sub lr, lr, #4 @ 计算返回地址
stmdb sp!, { r0-r12,lr } @ 保存使用到的寄存器
@ 注意,此时的sp是中断模式的sp
@ 初始值是上面设置的3072
ldr lr, =int_return @ 设置调用ISR即EINT_Handle函数后的返回地址
ldr pc, =EINT_Handle @ 调用中断服务函数,在interrupt.c中
int_return:
ldmia sp!, { r0-r12,pc }^ @ 中断返回, ^表示将spsr的值复制到cpsr
2、init.s
/*
* init.c: 进行一些初始化
*/
#include "s3c24xx.h"
/*
* LED1,LED2,LED4对应GPF4、GPF5、GPF6
*/
#define GPF4_out (1<<(4*2))
#define GPF5_out (1<<(5*2))
#define GPF6_out (1<<(6*2))
#define GPF4_msk (3<<(4*2))
#define GPF5_msk (3<<(5*2))
#define GPF6_msk (3<<(6*2))
/*
* S2,S3,S4对应GPF0、GPF2、GPG3
*/
#define GPF0_eint (0x2<<(0*2))
#define GPF2_eint (0x2<<(2*2))
#define GPG3_eint (0x2<<(3*2))
#define GPF0_msk (3<<(0*2))
#define GPF2_msk (3<<(2*2))
#define GPG3_msk (3<<(3*2))
/*
* 关闭WATCHDOG,否则CPU会不断重启
*/
void disable_watch_dog(void)
{
WTCON = 0; // 关闭WATCHDOG很简单,往这个寄存器写0即可
}
void init_led(void)
{
// LED1,LED2,LED4对应的3根引脚设为输出
GPFCON &= ~(GPF4_msk | GPF5_msk | GPF6_msk);
GPFCON |= GPF4_out | GPF5_out | GPF6_out;
}
/*
* 初始化GPIO引脚为外部中断
* GPIO引脚用作外部中断时,默认为低电平触发、IRQ方式(不用设置INTMOD)
*/
void init_irq( )
{
// S2,S3对应的2根引脚设为中断引脚 EINT0,ENT2
GPFCON &= ~(GPF0_msk | GPF2_msk);
GPFCON |= GPF0_eint | GPF2_eint;
// S4对应的引脚设为中断引脚EINT11
GPGCON &= ~GPG3_msk;
GPGCON |= GPG3_eint;
// 对于EINT11,需要在EINTMASK寄存器中使能它
EINTMASK &= ~(1<<11);
/*
* 设定优先级:
* ARB_SEL0 = 00b, ARB_MODE0 = 0: REQ1 > REQ3,即EINT0 > EINT2
* 仲裁器1、6无需设置
* 最终:
* EINT0 > EINT2 > EINT11即K2 > K3 > K4
*/
PRIORITY = (PRIORITY & ((~0x01) | (0x3<<7))) | (0x0 << 7) ;
// EINT0、EINT2、EINT8_23使能
INTMSK &= (~(1<<0)) & (~(1<<2)) & (~(1<<5));
}
3、interrupt.c
#include "s3c24xx.h"
void EINT_Handle()
{
unsigned long oft = INTOFFSET;
unsigned long val;
switch( oft )
{
// S2被按下
case 0:
{
GPFDAT |= (0x7<<4); // 所有LED熄灭
GPFDAT &= ~(1<<4); // LED1点亮
break;
}
// S3被按下
case 2:
{
GPFDAT |= (0x7<<4); // 所有LED熄灭
GPFDAT &= ~(1<<5); // LED2点亮
break;
}
// K4被按下
case 5:
{
GPFDAT |= (0x7<<4); // 所有LED熄灭
GPFDAT &= ~(1<<6); // LED4点亮
break;
}
default:
break;
}
//清中断
if( oft == 5 )
EINTPEND = (1<<11); // EINT8_23合用IRQ5
SRCPND = 1<
int main()
{
while(1);
return 0;
}
5、s3c24xx.h
/* WOTCH DOG register */
#define WTCON (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x53000000)
/* SDRAM regisers */
#define MEM_CTL_BASE 0x48000000
#define SDRAM_BASE 0x30000000
/* NAND Flash registers */
#define NFCONF (*(volatile unsigned int *)0x4e000000)
#define NFCMD (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e000004)
#define NFADDR (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e000008)
#define NFDATA (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e00000c)
#define NFSTAT (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4e000010)
/*GPIO registers*/
#define GPBCON (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000010)
#define GPBDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000014)
#define GPFCON (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000050)
#define GPFDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000054)
#define GPFUP (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000058)
#define GPGCON (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000060)
#define GPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000064)
#define GPGUP (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000068)
#define GPHCON (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000070)
#define GPHDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000074)
#define GPHUP (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x56000078)
/*UART registers*/
#define ULCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x50000000)
#define UCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x50000004)
#define UFCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x50000008)
#define UMCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x5000000c)
#define UTRSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x50000010)
#define UTXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x50000020)
#define URXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x50000024)
#define UBRDIV0 (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x50000028)
/*interrupt registes*/
#define SRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A000000)
#define INTMOD (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A000004)
#define INTMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A000008)
#define PRIORITY (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A00000c)
#define INTPND (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A000010)
#define INTOFFSET (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A000014)
#define SUBSRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A000018)
#define INTSUBMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x4A00001c)
/*external interrupt registers*/
#define EINTMASK (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x560000a4)
#define EINTPEND (*(volatile unsigned long *)0x560000a8)
objs := head.o init.o interrupt.o main.o
int.bin: $(objs)
arm-none-eabi-ld -Ttext 0x00000000 -o int_elf $^
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary -S int_elf $@
arm-none-eabi-objdump -D -m arm int_elf > int.dis
%.o:%.c
arm-none-eabi-gcc -Wall -O2 -c -o $@ $<
%.o:%.S
arm-none-eabi-gcc -Wall -O2 -c -o $@ $<
clean:
rm -f int.bin int_elf int.dis *.o