Stream的特性及优点:
Stream的创建
通过集合的stream方法来创建流
// 数组
String[] s = "I Love You But I miss You so I miss you".split(" ");
Stream stream = Arrays.stream(s);
// 集合
List list = Arrays.asList(s);
Stream stream1 = list.stream();
Stream类提供了of静态方法来创建Stream流
Stream stringStream = Stream.of("1", "2", "3");
Stream流常用的中间操作
filter
filter方法用于通过设置的条件过滤出元素,下面的例子是过滤出长度大于3的字符串
String[] s = "I Love You But I miss You so I miss you".split(" ");
List list = Arrays.asList(s);
// 流转List
list.stream().filter(str -> str.length() > 3);
map
map元素用于映射每隔元素到对应的结果,下面的例子用map输出元素对应的平方数
Stream.of(1,2,3,4,5).map(i -> i * i).forEach(System.out::println);
limit / skip
limit是返回Stream的前面n个元素;skip是跳过前面n个元素.下面的例子是保留前四个元素:
Stream.of(1,2,3,4,5).limit(4).forEach(System.out::println);
sorted
sorted方法是用于对流进行排序.下面例子是进行排序
// 默认是从小到大
Stream.of(5,4,3,2,1).sorted().forEach(System.out::println);
// 重写比较器方法从大到小
Stream.of(1,2,3,4,5).sorted((x,y)-> {return y - x;}).forEach(System.out::println);
distinct
distinct主要用来去重,下面的例子是用来去重的
// 去重
Stream.of(5,4,3,5,4).distinct().forEach(System.out::println);
注意上面操作的返回结果还是Stream流,这个意思也就是可以进行流式操作,直到遇到最终操作,下面就说一下最终操作.
最终操作
最终操作就是一些输出,统计,转换等操作,返回结果不再是Stream流. 但是注意的是当进行最终操作之后,不可再次使用流,否则会抛出异常.
java.lang.IllegalStateException: stream has already been operated upon or closed
forEach
Stream利用forEach来迭代流中的数据,下面的代码片段使用forEach输出10个随机数
Random random = new Random();
random.ints().limit(10).forEach(System.out::println);
count
count方法是用来统计流中元素的个数
Stream.of(5,4,3,5,4).count();
collect
collect方法是一个规约操作,就是将结果进行转换为集合或者其他. 下面的例子是将流转化为集合.
Stream.of(5,4,3,5,4).collect(Collectors.toList());
private static List list = new ArrayList();
public static void main(String[] args) {
list = Arrays.asList(
new User(1, "a", 10),
new User(4, "d", 19),
new User(5, "e", 13),
new User(2, "b", 14),
new User(3, "a", 10),
new User(6, "f", 16)
);
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
order();
println(String.format("耗时[%s]毫秒", (System.currentTimeMillis() - start)));
}
/**
* 多条件去重
* @param list
*/
public static void order() {
list.stream().collect(Collectors.collectingAndThen(
Collectors.toCollection(() -> new TreeSet<>(
Comparator.comparing(o -> o.getAge() + ";" + o.getName()))), ArrayList::new)).forEach(u -> println(u));
}
public static void group() {
Map> collect = list.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(User::getAge));
System.out.println(collect);
}
/**
* filter过滤
* @param list
*/
public static void filterAge() {
list.stream().filter(u -> u.getAge() == 10).forEach(u -> println(u));
}
/**
* sorted排序
*/
public static void stord() {
list.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(u-> u.getAge())).forEach(u -> println(u));
}
/**
* limit方法限制最多返回多少元素
*/
public static void limit() {
list.stream().limit(2).forEach(u -> println(u));
}
/**
* 不要前多n个元素,n大于满足条件的元素个数就返回空的流
*/
public static void skip() {
list.stream().skip(2).forEach(u -> println(u));
}
// 最大值 最小值
public static void statistics() {
Optional min = list.stream().min(Comparator.comparing(User::getUserId));
println(min);
Optional max = list.stream().max(Comparator.comparing(User::getUserId));
println(max);
}
// 统计
public static void summarizingInt(){
IntSummaryStatistics statistics = list.stream().collect(Collectors.summarizingInt(User::getAge));
double average = statistics.getAverage();
long count = statistics.getCount();
int max = statistics.getMax();
int min = statistics.getMin();
long sum = statistics.getSum();
println(average);
println(count);
println(min);
println(sum);
println(max);
}
/**
* 转set
*/
public static void toSet() {
Set collect = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toSet());
Iterator iterator = collect.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(iterator.next().getUserId());
}
}
/**
* 转map
*/
public static void toMap() {
Map collect = list.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(User::getUserId, u -> u));
for (Integer in : collect.keySet()) {
User u = collect.get(in);//得到每个key多对用value的值
println(u);
}
}
/**
*map
*/
public static void map() {
list.stream().map(User::getUserId).forEach(userId -> println(userId));
list.stream().mapToInt(User::getAge).forEach(userId -> println(userId));
list.stream().mapToDouble(User::getUserId).forEach(userId -> println(userId));
list.stream().mapToLong(User::getUserId).forEach(userId -> println(userId));
}
/**
* 查找与匹配
* allMatch方法与anyMatch差不多,表示所有的元素都满足才返回true。noneMatch方法表示没有元素满足
*/
public static void anyMatch() {
boolean anyMatch = list.stream().anyMatch(u -> u.getAge() == 100);
boolean allMatch = list.stream().allMatch(u -> u.getUserId() == 10);
boolean noneMatch = list.stream().noneMatch(u -> u.getUserId() == 10);
println(anyMatch);
println(allMatch);
println(noneMatch);
}
/**
* reduce操作
*/
public static void reduce() {
Optional sum = list.stream().map(User::getAge).reduce(Integer::sum);
Optional max = list.stream().map(User::getAge).reduce(Integer::max);
Optional min = list.stream().map(User::getAge).reduce(Integer::min);
println(sum);
println(max);
println(min);
}
/**
* 公共输出
* @param c
*/
public static void println(Object c) {
System.out.println(c.toString());
}
//forEach:
list.stream().forEach(userProduct->{
BigDecimal juniorIntegral = new BigDecimal(userProduct.getJuniorIntegral()).multiply(new BigDecimal(tempProductReqDto.getJuniorIntegral())).divide(new BigDecimal(coreTeamTemplateProduct.getJuniorIntegral()),0,BigDecimal.ROUND_DOWN);
userProduct.setId(null);
userProduct.setProportion(tempProductReqDto.getJuniorIntegral()+"");
userProduct.setJuniorIntegral(juniorIntegral.intValue());
userProduct.setEffectiveTime(nowTime);
userProduct.setExpireTime(DateUtils.parseDate(RequestConstants.FOREVER_DATE));
userProduct.setGmtCreate(nowTime);
userProduct.setGmtModified(nowTime);
});
Set userProductIds= list.stream().map(c->c.getId()).collect(Collectors.toSet());