CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书


title: CentOS下申请let’s encrypt SSL证书
date: 2020-04-01 23:31:42
tags: [Hexo,建站]
categories: [建站]


包括单域名和泛域名通配符。

环境介绍

  • centOS6系列
  • git version 1.7.1(自带默认的)
  • Python 2.6.6(自带默认的)
  • let’s encrypt最新版V2接口(2020-05-08)

文档更新说明

方式一:acme.sh

主要步骤:(引自官网)
    1.安装 acme.sh
    2.生成证书
    3.copy 证书到 nginx/apache 或者其他服务
    4.更新证书
    5.更新 acme.sh
    6.出错怎么办, 如何调试

1. 安装 acme.sh

yum update
yum install curl -y
yum install cron -y

安装很简单, 一个命令:

curl  https://get.acme.sh | sh
或者(推荐)
yum update wget
wget -O -  https://get.acme.sh | sh

如果报错curl: (35) SSL connect error,移步:https://janeyork.blog.csdn.net/article/details/82700159

如果报错curl: (7) couldn't connect to host出站端口dport 443、80添加了或者防火墙关闭。

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22000 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

普通用户和 root 用户都可以安装使用. 安装过程进行了以下几步:

  1. 把 acme.sh 安装到你的 home 目录下:
~/.acme.sh/ (这个是自动执行的安装目录)

并创建 一个 bash 的 alias, 方便你的使用: alias acme.sh=~/.acme.sh/acme.sh这个是自动操作,如果没有请手动。

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第1张图片

出现install success即为成功。

自动为你创建了cronjob。

关闭shell重新打开。或者让命令立即生效source ~/.bashrc

验证方式一:DNS手动验证。(个人推荐)

https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh

acme.sh --issue -d example.com -d *.example.com --dns \
 --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第2张图片

验证TXT解析是否生效

dig -t txt  _acme-challenge.xxoo.com @8.8.8.8

添加解析生效后,重新生成证书。

acme.sh --renew -d xxoo.com -d *.xxoo.com \
  --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

注意:

  1. 手动模式无法自动更新(就看中了这点,如果你想自动更新可以自己写定时脚本)
  2. 证书有效期60天,需要手动解析、申请、复制、修改
  3. DNS API自动续期60天内,可调整时间
  4. DNS手动续期,需要在90天内

设置钉钉通知

export DINGTALK_WEBHOOK='https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=5241080f1e14f0d8af2fa6cef175934f0d9d636'

export DINGTALK_KEYWORD=acme
acme.sh --set-notify  --notify-hook dingtalk  \
  --notify-level 2 \
  --notify-mode 0

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第3张图片

DNS API自动续期,个人使用

$ export Ali_Key="woshipogaizai"
$ export Ali_Secret="nishipogaizaima"
这两个配置将永久保存在文件~/.acme.sh/account.conf中
# 申请
acme.sh --issue --dns dns_ali -d xxoo.com -d *.xxoo.com
# DP
# acme.sh --issue --dns dns_dp -d mydomain.com -d *.mydomain.com
证书申请成功后,保存在~/.acme.sh/www.example.com目录下

查看证书

在这里插入图片描述

删除证书

在这里插入图片描述

方式2、HTTP文件验证:

$ acme.sh --issue -d congm.in -d *.congm.in -w /home/webroot

注意:对于通配符证书需要加 -d 域名 -d *.域名 两个参数-w 即webroot,为该 域名 通过http所访问到的本地目录上面这段过程将会在 /home/webroot 创建一个 .well-known 的文件夹,同时 Let’s Encrypt 将会通过你要注册的域名去访问那个文件来确定权限,它可能会去访问 http://xxoo.in/.well-known/ 这个路径,验证成功会自动清理。

DNS手动验证实践及截图

acme.sh --issue -d nogit.top -d *.nogit.top --dns \
 --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第4张图片

验证TXT解析是否生效

dig -t txt  _acme-challenge.nogit.top @8.8.8.8

添加解析生效后,重新生成证书。中间可能等待一小会儿

acme.sh --renew -d nogit.top -d *.nogit.top \
  --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please

执行过程截图:

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第5张图片

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第6张图片

生成结果:

[root@ebs-40617 home]# acme.sh --renew -d nogit.top -d *.nogit.top \
>   --yes-I-know-dns-manual-mode-enough-go-ahead-please
[Sat May  9 11:04:33 CST 2020] Renew: 'nogit.top'
[Sat May  9 11:04:38 CST 2020] Multi domain='DNS:nogit.top,DNS:*.nogit.top'
[Sat May  9 11:04:38 CST 2020] Getting domain auth token for each domain
[Sat May  9 11:04:38 CST 2020] Verifying: nogit.top
[Sat May  9 11:04:52 CST 2020] Pending
[Sat May  9 11:04:59 CST 2020] Pending
[Sat May  9 11:05:11 CST 2020] Success
[Sat May  9 11:05:11 CST 2020] Verifying: *.nogit.top
[Sat May  9 11:05:27 CST 2020] Pending
[Sat May  9 11:05:32 CST 2020] Pending
[Sat May  9 11:05:52 CST 2020] Success
[Sat May  9 11:05:52 CST 2020] Verify finished, start to sign.
[Sat May  9 11:05:52 CST 2020] Lets finalize the order, Le_OrderFinalize: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/finalize/85615348/3294031693
[Sat May  9 11:05:59 CST 2020] Download cert, Le_LinkCert: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/cert/04b84bbcd3d822e1b6a0dfae29e11a03d08a
[Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] Cert success.
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFVzCCBD+gAwIBAgISBLhLvNPYIuG2oN+uKeEaA9CKMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUA
MEoxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRYwFAYDVQQKEw1MZXQncyBFbmNyeXB0MSMwIQYDVQQD
ExpMZXQncyBFbmNyeXB0IEF1dGhvcml0eSBYMzAeFw0yMDA1MDkwMjA1NTlaFw0y
MDA4MDcwMjA1NTlaMBQxEjAQBgNVBAMTCW5vZ2l0LnRvcDCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcN
AQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAL7xXjfreYkDKybtLpvSVOgPyciqCLKoD30ziQC4
7JfAD4+tpCu6gkvEE9ViLk7BqSE/uDdip2TSR0OIrREpNl5a/55TpDJMbKXlc8SE
asRuTfnPN5JAi9BMCgwJgYIKwYBBQUHAgEWGmh0dHA6Ly9jcHMu
bGV0c2VuY3J5cHQub3JnMIIBBAYKKwYBBAHWeQIEAgSB9QSB8gDwAHYAXqdz+d9W
wOe1Nkh90EngMnqRmgyEoRIShBh1loFxRVgAAAFx92WLjAAABAMARzBFAiAjwvyx
3kgWcNNeAZxqJ5qjc0gfDAESq613uICtG41pHgIhAIzPzCJVovK6dbz+MyJ3eG6L
5hhdhPdukikP8bOeOkyjAHYAB7dcG+V9aP/x
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
[Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] Your cert is in  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/nogit.top.cer 
[Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] Your cert key is in  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/nogit.top.key 
[Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] The intermediate CA cert is in  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/ca.cer 
[Sat May  9 11:06:03 CST 2020] And the full chain certs is there:  /root/.acme.sh/nogit.top/fullchain.cer 
[root@ebs-40617 home]# 

导出Tomcat pfx格式证书:
acme.sh --toPkcs -d nogit.top --password 1234

导出Nginx:
key.pem和pri.key,可以直接更改后缀pem或者key
fullchain同理,两者内容一样,可以直接更改后缀
mkdir -p /home/mycert
acme.sh --installcert -d nogit.top \
--key-file       /home/mycert/privateKey.pem  \
--fullchain-file /home/mycert/fullchain.pem \
--ca-file /home/mycert/ca.cer \
--cert-file /home/mycert/nogit.top.cer

openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.pem -in nogit.top.cer -certfile ca.cer -password "pass:Rookie123"
或者:(两个一样的,只是我把文件名重命名而已)
openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey nogit.top.key -in nogit.top.cer -certfile ca.cer -password "pass:Rookie123"
第三方网站转换:https://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-converter.html

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第7张图片

然后配置到Tomcat里


-------------------------------------杂七杂八 start--------------------------------------------------

OpenSSL Convert PEM

Convert PEM to DER

openssl x509 -outform der -in certificate.pem -out certificate.der

Convert PEM to P7B

openssl crl2pkcs7 -nocrl -certfile certificate.cer -out certificate.p7b -certfile CACert.cer

Convert PEM to PFX

openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.key -in certificate.crt -certfile CACert.crt

OpenSSL Convert DER

**Convert DER to PEM

**

openssl x509 -inform der -in certificate.cer -out certificate.pem

OpenSSL Convert P7B

Convert P7B to PEM

openssl pkcs7 -print_certs -in certificate.p7b -out certificate.cer

Convert P7B to PFX

openssl pkcs7 -print_certs -in certificate.p7b -out certificate.cer
openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificate.cer -inkey privateKey.key -out certificate.pfx -certfile CACert.cer

OpenSSL Convert PFX

Convert PFX to PEM

openssl pkcs12 -in certificate.pfx -out certificate.cer -nodes

----------------------------------------------杂七杂八 end----------------------------------------------


未过期的老证书

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第8张图片

现在新证书哦:

CentOS下申请let's encrypt SSL证书_第9张图片

未来更新

  • 改为后台web操作
  • 支持邮件、短信推送通知

额外

acme.sh github:https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh

let’s encrypt官网:https://letsencrypt.org/zh-cn/docs/client-options/

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