在另一篇文章hibernate5(2)初入门配置实例中,我们针对hibernate5.1版本的崭新引导配置方法,完成了对数据库的的插入实例操作,在本节内容中,我们开始引入spring4,完成spring4与hibernate5.1的整合工作,像数据库中插入一条记录。在后面学习hibernate中,我们都会使用spring来管理我们的Bean容器。
我们推荐使用maven来管理项目,下面是maven中的spring整合hibernate完整配置。
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<org.hibernate-version>5.1.0.Finalorg.hibernate-version>
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASEspring.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junitgroupId>
<artifactId>junitartifactId>
<version>4.10version>
<scope>testscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
<version>1.7.5version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>
<version>1.7.5version>
<scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4jgroupId>
<artifactId>log4jartifactId>
<version>1.2.17version>
<scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
<version>5.1.21version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglibgroupId>
<artifactId>cglibartifactId>
<version>2.2.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcpgroupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcpartifactId>
<version>1.2.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-coreartifactId>
<version>${org.hibernate-version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validatorartifactId>
<version>${org.hibernate-version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-ormartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-txartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
<version>${spring.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId>
<version>3.1.0version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp2artifactId>
<version>2.0version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logginggroupId>
<artifactId>commons-loggingartifactId>
<version>1.1.1version>
dependency>
dependencies>
在这里,我们顺便引入了springMVC相关jar包,在我们的后续学习测试中可能会用到,现在暂时不用理会
在上一节中,我们的数据库、hibernate的相关配置都在hibernate.cfg.xml文件中完整,使用spring后,这些统统交给spring来进行管理。spring完整实例配置文件如下
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yc" />
<property name="username" value="yc" />
<property name="password" value="yc" />
<property name="defaultReadOnly" value="false" />
<property name="initialSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxActive" value="15" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="10"/>
<property name="minIdle" value="2" />
<property name="maxWait" value="10000" />
bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialectprop>
<prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">noneprop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">updateprop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">trueprop>
<prop key="current_session_context_class">threadprop>
props>
property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.zeng.model" />
bean>
beans>
关于spring的配置学习,可参考我另一博客专栏《Spring研磨分析》。
测试实体类与我们上一篇文章实例一样。
package com.zeng.model;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity//声明当前类为hibernate映射到数据库中的实体类
@Table(name = "t_user")//声明在数据库中自动生成的表名为t_user
public class User {
@Id//声明此列为主键
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)//根据不同数据库自动选择合适的id生成方案,这里使用mysql,为递增型
private Integer id;
private String name;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
@Test
public void test2(){
//使用此方法获取并初始化我们的spring容器,注意pring-datasource.xml必须存放在类路径的根目录下。
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-datasource.xml");
//从spring容器中获取我们的会话工厂实例,里面已完成好各个属性的配置工作
SessionFactory sessionFactory = (SessionFactory) ac.getBean("sessionFactory");
//下面开始我们的数据库操作
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();//从会话工厂获取一个session
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();//开启一个新的事务
User user = new User();
user.setName("hello spring");
session.save(user);
transaction.commit();//提交事务
}
运行测试文件,看到打印信息:
Hibernate: insert into t_user (name) values (?)
说明我们的插入操作已完成,查看数据,会看到一条新的记录。
至此,我们轻松地完成了spring与hibernate的整合工作,从下一节开始,我们以快速入门为目的,先介绍hibernate的各类使用方法,在结合实例熟悉hibernate的基本使用后,我们再深入开展对hibernate的分析学习。
本实例源码可到https://github.com/jeanhao/hibernate下载。