SpringCloud教程第6篇:config(F版本)

一、简介

在分布式系统中,由于服务数量巨多,为了方便服务配置文件统一管理,实时更新,所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中,有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ,它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中(即本地),也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中,分两个角色,一是config server,二是config client。

二、构建Config Server

pom


xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.0.0

com.forezp
sc-f-chapter6
1.0-SNAPSHOT



config-server
config-client


sc-f-chapter6
Demo project for Spring Boot


org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.0.3.RELEASE





UTF-8
UTF-8
1.8
Finchley.RELEASE




org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-test
test






org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
${spring-cloud.version}
pom
import







org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin







创建一个spring-boot项目,取名为config-server,其pom.xml如下:

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.forezpgroupId>
    <artifactId>config-serverartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <name>config-servername>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>


    <parent>
        <groupId>com.forezpgroupId>
        <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-serverartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.forezpgroupId>
            <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.forezpgroupId>
            <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>


project>

在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能,代码如下:

package com.forezp.configserver;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

需要在程序的配置文件application.properties文件配置以下:

spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8888

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/CMRcircle/SpringcloudConfig/(这里换成你自己的仓库地址)
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respos(你仓库文件夹)
spring.cloud.config.label=master(你的分支)
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=你的用户名
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=你的密码
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri:配置git仓库地址
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths:配置仓库路径
  • spring.cloud.config.label:配置仓库的分支
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.username:访问git仓库的用户名
  • spring.cloud.config.server.git.password:访问git仓库的用户密码

如果Git仓库为公开仓库,可以不填写用户名和密码,如果是私有仓库需要填写

foo = foo version 3

启动程序:访问http://localhost:8888/foo/dev

{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":null,"version":"cfe66eaea0ad0e7efc39a12669884597d045c796","state":null,"propertySources":[]}

证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:

  • /{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
  • /{application}-{profile}.yml
  • /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
  • /{application}-{profile}.properties
  • /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

三、构建一个config client、

重新创建一个springboot项目,取名为config-client,其pom文件:

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.forezpgroupId>
    <artifactId>config-clientartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <name>config-clientname>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.forezpgroupId>
        <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
    parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-configartifactId>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>


project>

其配置文件bootstrap.properties:

spring.application.name=config-client
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/
server.port=8881
  • spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
  • spring.cloud.config.profile
    • dev开发环境配置文件
    • test测试环境
    • pro正式环境
  • spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

程序的入口类,写一个API接口“/hi”,返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值,代码如下:

package com.forezp.configclient;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
    }
    @Value("${foo}")
    String foo;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hi")
    public String hi(){
        return foo;
    }

}

打开网址访问:http://localhost:8881/hi,网页显示:

foo version 3

这就说明,config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性,而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图:

SpringCloud教程第6篇:config(F版本)_第1张图片

源码:https://github.com/CMRcircle/learnspringcloud/tree/master/sc-f-chapter6

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