实验 12 多区域下 OSPF 配置实验
一．实验目的：
将大型网络划分多个 OSPF 区域，掌握多区域下 OSPF 的配置。
二．实验要点：
1．OSPF 多区域的划分
2．OSPF 路由条目。
三．实验设备：
Cisco 2621 路由器 4 台，pc机两台
四、实验环境
注意，图中有三个域，区域0，区域1，区域2
五. 实验步骤
1．按 如图所示 连接各路由器。
2．按 如图所示 配置各路由器的 IP 地址等参数。
3．配置路由器 RouterA 、RouterB、RouterC 和 RouterD 上的 OSPF 协议。
RouterA(config)#router ospf 1
RouterA(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
RouterA(config-router)#net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1
4．测试各网络之间的连通性。
5．观察各路由器的路由表条目。
5．练习 OSPF 的各种诊断命令对 OSPF 的运行进行诊断，观察诊断输出。
六. 实验总结
1．多区域 OSPF 配置与单区域 OSPF 配置的区别？
实验详细步骤
在Router1中
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface Serial0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
This command applies only to DCE interfaces
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#net 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 2
Router(config-router)#exit在Router3中
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 2
Router(config-router)#exit在Router2中
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.0.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Router(config-if)#ip address 172.17.0.1 255.255.0.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1
Router(config-router)#net 172.17.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1
Router(config-router)#exit在Router0中
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface Serial0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#exit
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
//在没有配置OSPF之前的情况
Router#ping 172.16.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms
Router#ping 172.17.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.17.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Router#ping 10.0.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.0.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/5/12 ms
Router#ping 192.168.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1
Router(config-router)#exit
Router(config)#
00:08:38: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.17.0.1 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
00:09:44: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.0.1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Router(config)#exit
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
//配置OSPF之后的情况
Router#ping 192.168.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/6 ms
Router#ping 192.168.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/7 ms
Router#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/6 ms
Router#ping 192.168.1.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 ms
Router#ping 172.16.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/1 ms
Router#ping 172.17.0.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.17.0.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/1 ms
Router#ping 172.17.0.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.17.0.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/1/5 ms
主机PC0的情况：
Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0
PC>ping 172.16.0.1
Pinging 172.16.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 172.16.0.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=254
Reply from 172.16.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254
Reply from 172.16.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254
Reply from 172.16.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254
Ping statistics for 172.16.0.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
PC>ping 172.16.0.2
Pinging 172.16.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.0.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 172.16.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
PC>ping 10.0.0.1
Pinging 10.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=254
Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254
Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254
Reply from 10.0.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=254
Ping statistics for 10.0.0.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
PC>ping 10.0.0.2
Pinging 10.0.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Reply from 10.0.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Ping statistics for 10.0.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms
PC>ping 192.168.0.1
Pinging 192.168.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=253
Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=253
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 7ms, Average = 2ms
PC>ping 192.168.0.2
Pinging 192.168.0.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=252
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252
Reply from 192.168.0.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 3ms
PC>ping 192.168.1.1
Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=252
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=252
Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=33ms TTL=252
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 33ms, Average = 9ms
PC>ping 192.168.1.2
Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=124
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=124
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=124
Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=124
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms另外的完整版配置
Router 0
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface Serial0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#net 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
Router(config-router)#exit
Router 1
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface Serial0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upno shutdown
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
Router(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router)#net 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 2
Router(config-router)#exit
Router 2
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.0.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/1
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1
Router(config-router)#exit
Router 3
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#interface FastEthernet0/0
Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
Router(config-if)#exit
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router)#net 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 2
Router(config-router)#
00:09:28: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 192.168.0.1 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
Router(config-router)#exit
路由器2和路由器3可以相互ping通，实验则成功