Docker（三）Docker常用命令

Docker常用命令

帮助命令

# 显示 Docker 版本信息
docker version  

# 显示系统信息，包括镜像和容器的数量
docker info 

# 查看帮助文档 帮助文档地址：https://docs.docker.com/reference/
docker [命令] --help  

镜像命令

查看最近创建的镜像

docker images 查看最近创建的镜像

docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

# 帮助文档
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker images --help 
Usage:	docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
List images
Options:
  -a, --all             Show all images (default hides intermediate images)    显示所有镜像
      --digests         Show digests                                           显示摘要
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided             根据提供的条件过滤输出
      --format string   Pretty-print images using a Go template                用 Go 模板打印出一个图像
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output                                  不截断输出
  -q, --quiet           Only show numeric IDs                                  只显示数字 ID

# 查看最近创建的镜像
# REPOSITORY  镜像的仓库源
# TAG  镜像的标签
# IMAGE ID  镜像的id
# CREATED  镜像的创建时间
# SIZE  镜像的大小
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker images   
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        5 months ago        13.3kB

# 查看所有镜像
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker images -a
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              bf756fb1ae65        5 months ago        13.3kB

# 只显示数字 ID
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker images -q
bf756fb1ae65

搜索镜像

docker search 搜索镜像

docker search [OPTIONS] TERM

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker search --help 
Usage:	docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
Search the Docker Hub for images
Options:
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided   根据提供的条件过滤输出
      --format string   Pretty-print search using a Go template      用 Go 模板打印出一个图像
      --limit int       Max number of search results (default 25)    搜索结果的最大值限制
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output                       不截断输出


[root@hwh1 ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS    OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9626

下载镜像

docker pull 下载镜像

docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker pull --help 
Usage:	docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
Pull an image or a repository from a registry
Options:
  -a, --all-tags                Download all tagged images in the repository      下载仓库中标记所有的镜像，拿来选择版本
      --disable-content-trust   Skip image verification (default true)            跳过图像验证       
      --platform string         Set platform if server is multi-platform capable  如果服务器支持多平台，则设置平台
 -q, --quiet                   Suppress verbose output                           禁止详细输出              

# 下载镜像
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker pull mysql
Using default tag: latest                     # 版本信息（默认不设置tag，则为最新版）
latest: Pulling from library/mysql           
8559a31e96f4: Pull complete                   # 分层下载，docker image 的核心，联合文件系统
d51ce1c2e575: Pull complete 
c2344adc4858: Pull complete 
fcf3ceff18fc: Pull complete 
16da0c38dc5b: Pull complete 
b905d1797e97: Pull complete 
4b50d1c6b05c: Pull complete 
c75914a65ca2: Pull complete 
1ae8042bdd09: Pull complete 
453ac13c00a3: Pull complete 
9e680cd72f08: Pull complete 
a6b5dc864b6c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:8b7b328a7ff6de46ef96bcf83af048cb00a1c86282bfca0cb119c84568b4caf6          # 签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest 
docker.io/library/mysql:latest                 # 真实地址

删除镜像

docker rmi 删除镜像

docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker rmi --help 
Usage:	docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
Remove one or more images
Options:
  -f, --force      Force removal of the image        强制删除镜像
      --no-prune   Do not delete untagged parents    不删除未标记的父类


# 删除指定镜像
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker rmi mysql 
Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:8b7b328a7ff6de46ef96bcf83af048cb00a1c86282bfca0cb119c84568b4caf6
Deleted: sha256:be0dbf01a0f3f46fc8c88b67696e74e7005c3e16d9071032fa0cd89773771576
Deleted: sha256:086d66e8d1cb0d52e9337eabb11fb9b95960e2e1628d90100c62ea5e8bf72306
Deleted: sha256:f37c61ee1973b18c285d0d5fcf02da4bcdb1f3920981499d2a20b2858500a110
Deleted: sha256:e40b8bca7dc63fc8d188a412328e56caf179022f5e5d5b323aae57d233fb1069
Deleted: sha256:339f6b96b27eb035cbedc510adad2560132925a835f0afddbcc1d311c961c14b
Deleted: sha256:d38b06cdb26a5c98857ddbc6ef531d3f57b00e325c0c314600b712efc7ff6ab0
Deleted: sha256:09687cd9cdf4c704fde969fdba370c2d848bc614689712bef1a31d0d581f2007
Deleted: sha256:b704a4a65bf536f82e5d8b86e633d19185e26313de8380162e778feb2852011a
Deleted: sha256:c37206160543786228aa0cce738e85343173851faa44bb4dc07dc9b7dc4ff1c1
Deleted: sha256:12912c9ec523f648130e663d9d4f0a47c1841a0064d4152bcf7b2a97f96326eb
Deleted: sha256:57d29ad88aa49f0f439592755722e70710501b366e2be6125c95accc43464844
Deleted: sha256:b17c024283d0302615c6f0c825137da9db607d49a83d2215a79733afbbaeb7c3
Deleted: sha256:13cb14c2acd34e45446a50af25cb05095a17624678dbafbcc9e26086547c1d74

# 递归删除（批量删除）
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:6a65f928fb91fcfbc963f7aa6d57c8eeb426ad9a20c7ee045538ef34847f44f1
Deleted: sha256:bf756fb1ae65adf866bd8c456593cd24beb6a0a061dedf42b26a993176745f6b
# 已全部删除
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

容器命令

注：下载一个 centos 镜像测试

新建容器并启动

docker run 新建容器并启动

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
8a29a15cefae: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:fe8d824220415eed5477b63addf40fb06c3b049404242b31982106ac204f6700
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest

docker run

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker run --help 
Usage:	docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
Run a command in a new container
Options:
      -d, --detach                     Run container in background and print 
                                          container ID                           后台方式运行
      --name string                    Assign a name to the container            容器名字，来区分容器
      -i, --interactive                Keep STDIN open even if not attached      使用交互方式，进入容器查询内容
      -t, --tty                        Allocate a pseudo-TTY                     使用交互方式，进入容器查询内容
      -p, --publish list               Publish a container's port(s) to the host 指定容器端口 
          -p 主机端口：容器端口
          -p 容器端口
          -p ip：主机端口：容器端口
          容器端口
      -P, --publish-all                Publish all exposed ports to random ports 随机端口
      

# 启动并进入容器，相当于一个小型虚拟机
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker run  -it centos /bin/bash
[root@af833bdd3acf /]# ls      # 基础版 centos 很多命令都不完善
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
[root@af833bdd3acf /]# exit    # 退出命令
exit

列出所有正在运行的容器

docker ps 列出所有正在运行的容器

docker ps [OPTIONS]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker ps --help
Usage:	docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
Options:
  -a, --all             Show all containers (default shows just running)           列出所有的容器，包括正在运行和停止的
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided                 
      --format string   Pretty-print containers using a Go template
  -n, --last int        Show n last created containers (includes all states)       列出最近运行的容器
                        (default -1)
  -l, --latest          Show the latest created container (includes all states)    显示最后创建的容器
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output                                      不截断输出
  -q, --quiet           Only display numeric IDs                                   只显示数字 ID
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes                                   显示文件总大小


[root@hwh1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
a0f986785f33        centos              "/bin/bash"         7 seconds ago       Up 5 seconds                            nervous_agnesi
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker ps -n=1
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
a0f986785f33        centos              "/bin/bash"         6 minutes ago       Up 6 minutes                            nervous_agnesi
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker ps -q
a0f986785f33

退出容器

exit             # 直接容器停止并退出
Ctrl + P + Q     # 不停止容器退出（快捷键）

删除容器

docker rm 删除容器

docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker rm --help 
Usage:	docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]
Remove one or more containers
Options:
  -f, --force     Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL)      强制删除正在运行的容器
  -l, --link      Remove the specified link                                    删除指定的链接
  -v, --volumes   Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container       删除与容器关联的匿名卷

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker rm af833bdd3acf      删除已经停止的
af833bdd3acf
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker rm -f a0f986785f33   删除正在运行的容器
a0f986785f33

# docker ps -a -q|xargs docker rm    # 删除所有的容器，使用管道符

启动和停止容器操作

docker start id       # 启动
docker restart id     # 重启
docker stop id        # 停止当前正在运行的容器
docker kill id        # 强制停止当前容器

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker start 7b28015cd7f6
7b28015cd7f6
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker restart 7b28015cd7f6
7b28015cd7f6
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                   PORTS               NAMES
7b28015cd7f6        centos              "/bin/bash"         46 seconds ago      Up 9 seconds                                 unruffled_wiles
e2ff2fee0669        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            12 days ago         Exited (0) 12 days ago                       amazing_nightingale
690a9f41c7a8        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            12 days ago         Exited (0) 12 days ago                       zealous_blackwell
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker stop 7b28015cd7f6
7b28015cd7f6
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS              NAMES
7b28015cd7f6        centos              "/bin/bash"         57 seconds ago      Exited (0) 2 seconds ago                      unruffled_wiles
e2ff2fee0669        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            12 days ago         Exited (0) 12 days ago                         amazing_nightingale
690a9f41c7a8        bf756fb1ae65        "/hello"            12 days ago         Exited (0) 12 days ago       

常用的其他命令

后台启动容器

# docker run -d 镜像名
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker run -d centos
9e34ebe17e41fb762f535ab21d81240b5fb4b105a44ed13c8813a8a8978f9b27
# 问题：
# docker ps -a，发现服务停止了
# 常见的坑：
# docker 容器使用后台运行，就必须要有要一个前台进程，docker发现没有应用，就会自动停止

查看日志

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker logs --help
Usage:	docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Fetch the logs of a container
Options:
      --details        Show extra details provided to logs                         显示额外的详细信息
  -f, --follow         Follow log output                                           跟踪日志输出
      --since string   Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37) or     从时间戳开始显示
                       relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
      --tail string    Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default   日志显示行数
                       "all")
  -t, --timestamps     Show timestamps                                             显示时间戳
      --until string   Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37)     在时间戳之前显示日志
                       or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)

查看容器中进程信息

docker top CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker top --help 
Usage:	docker top CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]
Display the running processes of a container

# docker top 容器id
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker top 147f08710d27
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME   
root                76123               76105               0                   21:13  

查看镜像的元数据

docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker inspect --help 
Usage:	docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]
Return low-level information on Docker objects
Options:
  -f, --format string   Format the output using the given Go template          用 Go 模板打印出一个图像
  -s, --size            Display total file sizes if the type is container      如果类型是容器的话，就显示容器大小
      --type string     Return JSON for specified type                         返回指定类型的 JSON 字符串

# 查看 centos 的元数据
[root@hwh1 ~]# docker inspect 147f08710d27
[
    {
        "Id": "147f08710d2732d81ee9ce2680a7cfad48cbd186e87e27b081d82c103a29f084",
        "Created": "2020-06-15T13:13:13.783652979Z",
        "Path": "/bin/bash",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 76123,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2020-06-15T13:13:15.632825635Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:470671670cac686c7cf0081e0b37da2e9f4f768ddc5f6a26102ccd1c6954c1ee",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/147f08710d2732d81ee9ce2680a7cfad48cbd186e87e27b081d82c103a29f084/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/147f08710d2732d81ee9ce2680a7cfad48cbd186e87e27b081d82c103a29f084/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/147f08710d2732d81ee9ce2680a7cfad48cbd186e87e27b081d82c103a29f084/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/147f08710d2732d81ee9ce2680a7cfad48cbd186e87e27b081d82c103a29f084/147f08710d2732d81ee9ce2680a7cfad48cbd186e87e27b081d82c103a29f084-json.log",
        "Name": "/dazzling_benz",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/74794286462edce8a73f8e74239c0229d6cec3afac92f052951245d91e05c7cd-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ae0a1afad34903571dd0df8a39bc4bea93ccd793ae2f6185fa95385c18d56f05/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/74794286462edce8a73f8e74239c0229d6cec3afac92f052951245d91e05c7cd/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/74794286462edce8a73f8e74239c0229d6cec3afac92f052951245d91e05c7cd/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/74794286462edce8a73f8e74239c0229d6cec3afac92f052951245d91e05c7cd/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "147f08710d27",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20200114",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS",
                "org.opencontainers.image.created": "2020-01-14 00:00:00-08:00",
                "org.opencontainers.image.licenses": "GPL-2.0-only",
                "org.opencontainers.image.title": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.opencontainers.image.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "dcbcaf21dc6395481ce4c27bd58e83b306aee13216f852b4ac92edab13dc6698",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/dcbcaf21dc63",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "1b8456cbbb162e74762144d5a13305ba84acb45db92ce2467c0bc15724077b72",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "23077e8fffbf9407b9d83e492e05cc11904b4dbf7fd3ab3a4b84c36c1a7ee4a5",
                    "EndpointID": "1b8456cbbb162e74762144d5a13305ba84acb45db92ce2467c0bc15724077b72",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

进入当前正在运行的容器

# 我们通常容器都是使用后台方式运行的，需要进入容器，修改一些配置
# 方式一 ：docker exec -it 容器id bashShell
# 进入容器后开启一个新的终端，可以在里面操作（常用）
# docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker exec --help 
Usage:	docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]
Run a command in a running container
Options:
  -d, --detach               Detached mode: run command in the background             在后台运行命令
      --detach-keys string   Override the key sequence for detaching a container      重写用于分离容器的键序列
  -e, --env list             Set environment variables                                设置环境变量
  -i, --interactive          Keep STDIN open even if not attached                     即使没有连接，也保持STDIN打开
      --privileged           Give extended privileges to the command                  授予命令扩展权限
  -t, --tty                  Allocate a pseudo-TTY                                    分配一个伪TTY
  -u, --user string          Username or UID (format: [:])       用户名或者 id
  -w, --workdir string       Working directory inside the container                   容器内的工作目录
  

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker exec -it a41c80fd6d1c /bin/bash
[root@a41c80fd6d1c /]# ls
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr


# 方式二 ：docker attach 容器id
# 进入容器正在执行的终端，不会启动新的终端
# docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker attach --help 
Usage:	docker attach [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
Options:
      --detach-keys string   Override the key sequence for detaching a container       重写用于分离容器的键序列
      --no-stdin             Do not attach STDIN                                       不要附加STDIN
      --sig-proxy            Proxy all received signals to the process (default true)  将所有接收到的信号代理到进程（默认为true）


[root@hwh1 ~]# docker attach a41c80fd6d1c
[root@a41c80fd6d1c /]# ls
bin  etc   lib	  lost+found  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
dev  home  lib64  media       opt  root  sbin  sys  usr

拷贝文件

# 从容器被拷贝文件到主机上
# docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-               docker cp 容器id:容器内路径 目的的主机路径

# 从主机上拷贝文件到容器
# docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PATH               docker cp 主机路径 容器id:目的的容器内路径

[root@hwh1 ~]# docker cp --help 
Usage:	docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
    	docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PATH
Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem

Use '-' as the source to read a tar archive from stdin
and extract it to a directory destination in a container.
Use '-' as the destination to stream a tar archive of a
container source to stdout.

Options:
  -a, --archive       Archive mode (copy all uid/gid information)  存档模式（复制所有uid/gid信息）
  -L, --follow-link   Always follow symbol link in SRC_PATH        始终遵循容器内路径中的符号链接

# 从容器被拷贝文件到主机上
[root@hwh1 home]# docker attach a41c80fd6d1c
[root@a41c80fd6d1c /]# cd /home
[root@a41c80fd6d1c home]# ls
[root@a41c80fd6d1c home]# touch hwh.java               # 在 home 目录下创建一个  hwh.java
[root@a41c80fd6d1c home]# ls
hwh.java
[root@hwh1 home]# ls
hwh  hwh1  hwh2  user01  user02
[root@hwh1 home]# docker cp a41c80fd6d1c:/home/hwh.java /home           # 将 hwh.java 复制到主机上
[root@hwh1 home]# ls
hwh  hwh1  hwh2  hwh.java  user01  user02