HBase的shell的基本操作的指令
hbase shell
//创建一个表名为test 列簇为cf
create 'test','cf'
describe 'test'
//插入数据
put 'test','row1','cf:a','value1'
put 'test','row2','cf:b','value2'
put 'test','row3','cf:c','value3'
put 'test','row1','cf:b','value1'
//查看数据
scan 'test'
//统计数据
count 'test','cf:a'
cf:a有着个值得行数
//得到键值为row1的行的数据
get 'test','row1'
//更新数据
保留最新的数据，
put 'test','row1','cf:a','value5'
scan 'test'
我们也可以查看最近的几个版本的值
scan 'test',{MAX_VERSION => 3}
//删除表，删除数据
disable ‘test’
drop 'test'
下面是更具体一些的操作：
下面我们看看
HBase Shell
的一些基本操作命令，我列出了几个常用的
HBase Shell
命令，如下：
一、一般操作
1. 查询服务器状态
hbase(main):024:0>status
3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load
2. 查询 hive 版本
hbase(main):025:0>version
0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011
二、 DDL 操作
1. 创建一个表
hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info'
0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds
2. 获得表的描述
hbase(main):012:0>list
TABLE
member
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION ENABLED
{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true
VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI
ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',
BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds
3. 删除一个列族， alter ， disable ， enable
我们之前建了 3 个列族，但是发现 member_id 这个列族是多余的，因为他就是主键，所以我们要将其删除。
hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}
ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.
报错，删除列族的时候必须先将表给 disable 掉。
hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds
hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'
0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds
hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'
DESCRIPTION ENABLED
{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false
VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa
lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI
ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',
BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}
1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds
该列族已经删除，我们继续将表 enable
hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member'
0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds
4. 列出所有的表
hbase(main):028:0>list
TABLE
member
temp_table
2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
5.drop 一个表
hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds
hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'
0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds
6. 查询表是否存在
hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'
Table member doesexist
0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds
7. 判断表是否 enable
hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds
8. 判断表是否 disable
hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'
false
0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds
三、 DML 操作
1. 插入几条记录
put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'
put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'
put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'
put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'
put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'
2. 获取一条数据
获取一个 id 的所有数据
hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'
COLUMN CELL
address:city timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou
address:contry timestamp=1321586239126, value=china
address:province timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17
info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba
6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds
获取一个 id ，一个列族的所有数据
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
info:birthday timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17
info:company timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba
3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds
获取一个 id ，一个列族中一个列的所有数据
hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds
6. 更新一条记录
将 scutshuxue 的年龄改成 99
hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'
0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds
hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds
3. 通过 timestamp 来获取两个版本的数据
hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321586238965, value=24
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds
hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321586571843, value=99
1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds
4. 全表扫描：
hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
scutshuxue column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou
scutshuxue column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china
scutshuxue column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang
scutshuxue column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99
scutshuxue column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17
scutshuxue column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba
temp column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59
xiaofeng column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang
xiaofeng column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china
xiaofeng column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong
xiaofeng column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao
xiaofeng column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17
xiaofeng column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba
xiaofeng column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie
3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds
5. 删除 id 为 temp 的值的 ‘info:age’ 字段
hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'
COLUMN CELL
0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds
6. 删除整行
hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'
0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds
7. 查询表中有多少行：
hbase(main):019:0>count 'member'
2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
8. 给 ‘xiaofeng’ 这个 id 增加 'info:age' 字段，并使用 counter 实现递增
hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 1
hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01
1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds
hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02
1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds
获取当前 count 的值
hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
9. 将整张表清空：
hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'
Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Dropping table...
- Creating table...
0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds
可以看出，hbase是先将掉disable掉，然后drop掉后重建表来实现truncate的功能的。