1、Color blindness is a hereditary disease. The most common symptom is red-green blindness, which means that green and red cannot be distinguished. The so-called full color blindness means that no color can be discerned at all. Although it is a hereditary disease, if a couple who are preparing for childbirth suffer from color blindness, it is possible to prevent the baby from inheriting color blindness.
色盲是一种遗传性疾病。最常见的症状是红绿色失明，这意味着无法区分绿色和红色。所谓的全色失明意味着根本无法辨别颜色。虽然这是一种遗传性疾病，但如果准备分娩的夫妇患有色盲，则可以防止婴儿继承色盲。
2、 The earliest discovery of color blindness in the world and the earliest study of color blindness was John Dalton, a famous British chemist and physicist in the 19th century. When Dalton was young, he was degraded and ridiculed by other children for mistaking the red military uniform worn by the soldiers as a green military uniform. When he grew up, Dalton, who was diligent in observation, was once fascinated by geranium flowers: it was sky blue in the daytime, but turned bright red in the evening. But when he told a few friends about this situation, they observed and pointed out a fact that made Dalton very shocked: the geranium flower is neither sky blue nor bright red, but pink! Dalton associates with the mistakes of color discrimination when he was young, and suddenly suspects that his color vision may be obstacles. After some careful research, he finally discovered his own defects in color perception. The red color in the normal human color perception is almost all blush in his vision. In 1894, Dalton officially published a paper, the first systematic and detailed description of human color blindness.
世界上最早发现的色盲和最早的色盲研究是19世纪着名的英国化学家和物理学家约翰道尔顿。当道尔顿年轻的时候，他被其他孩子贬低和嘲笑，因为他们误将士兵穿的红色军装作为绿色军装。当他长大后，勤奋观察的道尔顿曾对天竺葵花着迷：它在白天是天蓝色，但在晚上变成了鲜红色。但当他告诉几个朋友这种情况时，他们观察并指出了一个让道尔顿非常震惊的事实：天竺葵花既不是天蓝色，也不是鲜红色，而是粉红色！道尔顿在年轻时就与色彩歧视的错误联系在一起，并突然怀疑他的色觉可能是障碍。经过一番细致的研究，他终于发现了自己在色彩感知方面的缺陷。正常人类颜色感知中的红色几乎都在他的视觉中脸红。1894年，道尔顿正式发表论文，首次对人类色盲进行系统而详细的描述。
3、 It is now known that color blindness is a hereditary disease. There are many kinds of color blindness, the most common one is red-green blindness, that is, the patient is unclear about red and green. The color that is completely indistinguishable is called full color blindness. Another strange feature of color blindness is that most patients are male and females are rarely ill. According to the survey, the prevalence of color blindness among Chinese people is 7.0‰, and that of females is 0. 5‰. what on earth is this kind of happenings?
现在已知色盲是一种遗传性疾病。色盲的种类很多，最常见的是红绿色盲，即 患者不清楚红色和绿色。完全无法区分的颜色称为全色盲。色盲的另一个奇怪特征是大多数患者是男性，女性很少生病。调查显示，中国人的色盲患病率为7.0‰，女性患病率为0.5‰。这种事情究竟发生了什么？
4、 Modern genetics studies suggest that the genetic pattern of color blindness is sexual inheritance. It turns out that the sex chromosomes in human cells are divided into x chromosome and y chromosome, in which xx chromosome combination is female and xy chromosome combination is male. The human colorigenesis gene is present on the x chromosome, but not on the y chromosome.
现代遗传学研究表明，色盲的遗传模式是性遗传。结果表明，人类细胞中的性染色体分为x染色体和y染色体，其中xx染色体组合为雌性，xy染色体组合为雄性。人类发色基因存在于x染色体上，但不存在于y染色体上。
5、 According to Mendel's law of inheritance, since the color-blind gene is a recessive gene and the normal color width is a dominant gene, there may be hidden color-blind genes in women with normal color vision. If the parents are normal color vision genes, the offspring will not produce color blindness; but if the parents have normal color vision and the mother has a recessive color blind gene, the offspring may be normal color vision or color blindness. For a woman, if it is a color-blind patient, there must be two identical recessive genes at the same time, but such opportunities are rare. And men only have one x chromosome, so the chances of color blindness are mostly. It is no wonder that male color blind patients should obviously have more women.
根据孟德尔的继承法，由于色盲基因是隐性基因，正常的颜色宽度是显性基因，因此在具有正常色觉的女性中可能存在隐藏的色盲基因。如果父母是正常的色觉基因，后代就不会产生色盲; 但如果父母的色觉正常且母亲有隐性色盲基因，则后代可能是正常的色觉或色盲。对于女性而言，如果是色盲患者，则必须同时存在两个相同的隐性基因，但这种机会很少见。而且男性只有一条x染色体，因此色盲的可能性最大。难怪男性色盲患者显然应该有更多的女性。
6、 The researchers also found an interesting phenomenon, the father's color blind gene will always be passed to the daughter, and then passed to the grandson through the daughter. Therefore, if male color blind friends want their offspring to stay away from color blindness, they must not only become married with normal women, but also choose to have a son. For female color blind patients, not only must they become married with normal men, but also have to have girls.
研究人员还发现了一个有趣的现象，父亲的色盲基因将永远传递给女儿，然后通过女儿传给了孙子。因此，如果男性色盲朋友希望他们的后代远离色盲，他们不仅要与正常女性结婚，还要选择生儿子。对于女性色盲患者，不仅必须与正常男性结婚，还必须有女孩。
7、 In summary, although color blindness as a genetic disease does not directly endanger people's life and health, color blindness will have a certain negative impact on patients' physical and mental health or career choices, and will also affect career choices. It is also very unfavorable. Therefore, you must not underestimate the harm of color blindness.
总之，虽然色盲作为一种遗传性疾病不会直接危害人们的生命和健康，但色盲会对患者的身心健康或职业选择产生一定的负面影响，也会影响职业选择。这也是非常不利的。因此，你不能低估色盲的危害。
8、 The y chromosome, in which the xx chromosome combination is female and the xy chromosome combination is male. The human colorigenesis gene is present on the x chromosome, but not on the y chromosome.
y染色体，其中xx染色体组合是雌性，xy染色体组合是雄性。人类发色基因存在于x染色体上，但不存在于y染色体上。
9、 According to Mendel's law of inheritance, since the color-blind gene is a recessive gene and the normal color width is a dominant gene, there may be hidden color-blind genes in women with normal color vision. If the parents are normal color vision genes, the offspring will not produce color blindness; but if the parents have normal color vision and the mother has a recessive color blind gene, the offspring may be normal color vision or color blindness. For a woman, if it is a color-blind patient, there must be two identical recessive genes at the same time, but such opportunities are rare. And men only have one x chromosome, so the chances of color blindness are mostly. It is no wonder that male color blind patients should obviously have more women.
根据孟德尔遗传定律，由于色盲基因是隐性基因而正常的颜色宽度是显性基因，因此在具有正常色觉的女性中可能存在隐藏的色盲基因。如果父母是正常的色觉基因，后代就不会产生色盲; 但如果父母的色觉正常且母亲有隐性色盲基因，则后代可能是正常的色觉或色盲。对于女性而言，如果是色盲患者，则必须同时存在两个相同的隐性基因，但这种机会很少见。而且男性只有一条x染色体，因此色盲的可能性最大。难怪男性色盲患者显然应该有更多的女性。
10、 The researchers also found an interesting phenomenon, the father's color blind gene will always be passed to the daughter, and then passed to the grandson through the daughter. Therefore, if male color blind friends want their offspring to stay away from color blindness, they must not only become married with normal women, but also choose to have a son. For female color blind patients, not only must they become married with normal men, but also have to have girls.
研究人员还发现了一个有趣的现象，父亲的色盲基因将永远传递给女儿，然后通过女儿传给孙子。因此，如果男性色盲朋友希望他们的后代远离色盲，他们不仅要与正常女性结婚，还要选择生儿子。对于女性色盲患者，不仅必须与正常男性结婚，还必须有女孩。
11、 In summary, although color blindness as a genetic disease does not directly endanger people's life and health, color blindness will have a certain negative impact on patients' physical and mental health or career choices, and will also affect career choices. It is also very unfavorable. Therefore, you must not underestimate the harm of color blindness.
总之，虽然色盲作为一种遗传性疾病不会直接危害人们的生命和健康，但色盲会对患者的身心健康或职业选择产生一定的负面影响，也会影响职业选择。这也是非常不利的。因此，你不能低估色盲的危害。
12、 The y chromosome, in which the xx chromosome combination is female and the xy chromosome combination is male. The human colorigenesis gene is present on the x chromosome, but not on the y chromosome.
y染色体，其中xx染色体组合是雌性，xy染色体组合是雄性。人类发色基因存在于x染色体上，但不存在于y染色体上。
13、 According to Mendel's law of inheritance, since the color-blind gene is a recessive gene and the normal color width is a dominant gene, there may be hidden color-blind genes in women with normal color vision. If the parents are normal color vision genes, the offspring will not produce color blindness; but if the parents have normal color vision and the mother has a recessive color blind gene, the offspring may be normal color vision or color blindness. For a woman, if it is a color-blind patient, there must be two identical recessive genes at the same time, but such opportunities are rare. And men only have one x chromosome, so the chances of color blindness are mostly. It is no wonder that male color blind patients should obviously have more women.
根据孟德尔遗传定律，由于色盲基因是隐性基因而正常的颜色宽度是显性基因，因此在具有正常色觉的女性中可能存在隐藏的色盲基因。如果父母是正常的色觉基因，后代就不会产生色盲; 但如果父母的色觉正常且母亲有隐性色盲基因，则后代可能是正常的色觉或色盲。对于女性来说，如果是色盲患者，同时必须有两个相同的隐性基因，但这种机会很少见。而且男性只有一条x染色体，因此色盲的可能性最大。难怪男性色盲患者显然应该有更多的女性。
14、 The researchers also found an interesting phenomenon, the father's color blind gene will always be passed to the daughter, and then passed to the grandson through the daughter. Therefore, if male color blind friends want their offspring to stay away from color blindness, they must not only become married with normal women, but also choose to have a son. For female color blind patients, not only must they become married with normal men, but also have to have girls.
研究人员还发现了一个有趣的现象，父亲的色盲基因将永远传递给女儿，然后通过女儿传给孙子。因此，如果男性色盲朋友希望他们的后代远离色盲，他们不仅要与正常女性结婚，还要选择生儿子。对于女性色盲患者，不仅必须与正常男性结婚，还必须有女孩。
15、 In summary, although color blindness as a genetic disease does not directly endanger people's life and health, color blindness will have a certain negative impact on patients' physical and mental health or career choices, and will also affect career choices. It is also very unfavorable. Therefore, you must not underestimate the harm of color blindness.
总之，尽管作为遗传病的色盲不会直接危害人们 生命和健康，色盲会对患者的身心健康或职业选择产生一定的负面影响，也会影响职业选择。这也是非常不利的。因此，你不能低估色盲的危害。
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