ASP.NET Core MVC+EF Core项目实战
ASP.NET Core MVC+EF Core项目实战
项目背景
本项目参考于《Pro Entity Framework Core 2 for ASP.NET Core MVC》一书，项目内容为party邀请答复。
新建项目
本项目开发工具为VS2017，打开VS2017，新建项目，选择ASP.NETCore Web Application,项目名为PartyInvites，点击OK，选择模板为MVC（为了省事）。当然为了熟悉MVC流程也可以选择空模板自己来搭建项目结构。
项目开发
1.创建数据实体类以及数据库上下文类
在Models文件夹下创建两个类，DataContext和GuestResponse类，类中具体内容如下：
public class GuestResponse
{
public long Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public string Phone { get; set; }
public bool? WillAttend { get; set; }
}
public class DataContext : DbContext
{
public DataContext(DbContextOptions options) : base(options)
{
}
public DbSet Responses { get; set; }
}
2.编写Controller和View
打开Controllers文件夹下的HomeController文件（选择空模板的同学自己创建文件夹和HomeController文件），HomeController具体代码如下：
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private DataContext _dataContext;
public HomeController(DataContext dataContext) => _dataContext = dataContext;
public IActionResult Index() => View();
public IActionResult Respond() => View();
[HttpPost]
public IActionResult Respond(GuestResponse response)
{
_dataContext.Responses.Add(response);
_dataContext.SaveChanges();
return RedirectToAction(nameof(Thanks),
new { Name = response.Name, WillAttend = response.WillAttend });
}
public IActionResult Thanks(GuestResponse response)
{
return View(response);
}
public IActionResult ListResponses() =>
View(_dataContext.Responses.OrderByDescending(r => r.WillAttend));
}
修改Views/Shared文件夹下的_Layout.cshtml文件，如下：
Party Invites
@RenderBody()
在Home文件夹下，修改Index.cshtml,内容如下：
创建新的cshtml文件，ListResponses.cshtml，
@model IEnumerable
Here is the list of people who have
responded
Name
Email
Phone
Attending
@foreach (GuestResponse r in Model)
{
@r.Name
@r.Email
@r.Phone
@(r.WillAttend == true ? "Yes" : "No")
}
Respond.cshtml，
@model GuestResponse
RSVP
Thanks.cshtml
@model GuestResponse
Thank you, @Model.Name!
@if (Model.WillAttend == true)
{
It's great that you're coming. The drinks are already in the fridge!
}
else
{
Sorry to hear that you can't make it, but thanks for letting us know.
}
Click here to see who is coming.
配置EF Core
配置数据库连接字符串，在appsettings.json文件中增加如下内容：
"ConnectionStrings": {
"DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\\MSSQLLocalDB;Database=PartyInvites;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
}
DefaultConnection的内容为你自己的数据库连接字符串。
修改startup.cs内容，代码如图
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc();
//config database connect string
string conString = Configuration["ConnectionStrings:DefaultConnection"];
services.AddDbContext(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(conString));
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
app.UseStatusCodePages();
app.UseStaticFiles();
//important
app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
}
}
配置好后，根据新建的data Model，创建数据库，打开nuget 控制台，在控制台中输入add-migration加名字，如add-migration addData,执行，会自动建立migrations文件夹，并在文件夹中建立addData文件，意味创建迁移文件成功。然后输入：update-database，数据库就创建完成，可以去数据库检查下表建立是否成功。
然后就可以运行项目了。
需要注意的是，前段引用了bootstrap，需要注意bootstrap是否安装成功以及版本问题，否则页面可能显示不正确。
项目源码：https://github.com/zfy1994/Test