Gui练习-学生成绩管理系统（基于python中pymysql）

！！！用来练习gui

运行环境

已安装python3.7，mysql（建好库）

主程序：mg1.py

import pymysql
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox 
import subprocess
subprocess.call('ks1.py',shell=True)#调用windows管理员权限启动mysql
ku=pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="登陆账户",password="用户密码",db="库名")#链接到库，需添加登陆账户、账户密码、所使用库名
cursor=ku.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)#接受数据为元素为字典的列表
def init():#初始化学生表
    db=[]
    p=input("重新初始化数据表请键入任意字符，否则请键入回车！")
    if p:
        cursor.execute("drop table if exists biao")#如果表存在，删除它
        sql="create table biao(sno varchar(20) not null,yw smallint,sx smallint,wl smallint,en smallint,primary key(sno));"
        cursor.execute(sql)
        db.append({"sno":"12001","yw":44,"sx":57,"wl":57,"en":68})
        db.append({"sno":"12002","yw":54,"sx":67,"wl":57,"en":78})
        db.append({"sno":"12003","yw":74,"sx":57,"wl":57,"en":68})
        db.append({"sno":"12004","yw":84,"sx":97,"wl":57,"en":98})
        db.append({"sno":"12005","yw":34,"sx":37,"wl":57,"en":38})
        #将db增加到MySQL的表中
        for i in db:
            a1="insert into biao(sno,yw,sx,wl,en) values ("
            a2=str(i['sno'])
            a3=str(i['yw'])
            a4=str(i['sx'])
            a5=str(i['wl'])
            a6=str(i['en'])
            sql1=a1+a2+","+a3+","+a4+","+a5+","+a6+")"
            cursor.execute(sql1)
            ku.commit()
def add():
    global second
    global add_sno
    global add_yw
    global add_sx
    global add_wl
    global add_en
    second =tk.Toplevel()
    second.title("增加一条学生记录")
    second.geometry('300x300')
    # 主Frame
    frame =tk.Frame(second)
    frame.pack()
    # 两个子Frame,注意子frame是在主frame的框架下
    frame_l =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_r =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_l.pack(side = 'left')
    frame_r.pack(side = 'right')
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='请输入学号      ').pack()
    add_sno=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    add_sno.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='语文成绩        ').pack()
    add_yw=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    add_yw.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='数学成绩        ').pack()
    add_sx=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    add_sx.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='物理成绩        ').pack()
    add_wl=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    add_wl.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='英语成绩        ').pack()
    add_en=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    add_en.pack()
    #将录入的成绩保存进数据库中
    b1=tk.Button(second,text='确定', width=15, height=2, command=insert_1)
    b1.pack()
    second.mainloop()
def insert_1():
    s0= add_sno.get()
    s1= add_yw.get()
    s2= add_sx.get()
    s3= add_wl.get()
    s4= add_en.get()
    a1="insert into biao(sno,yw,sx,wl,en) values ("
    sql1=a1+s0+","+s1+","+s2+","+s3+","+s4+")"
    try:
        cursor.execute(sql1)
        ku.commit()
    except Exception as e:
        ku.rollback()#事件回滚
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message = e)
        return
    ku.commit()
    tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message ="增加成功")
    #思考如何在跳出增加成功弹窗后，关闭增加窗口
def delete():
    global del_sno
    third=tk.Toplevel()
    third.title("删除一条学生记录")
    third.geometry('300x300')
    frame =tk.Frame(third)
    frame.pack()
    frame_l =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_r =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_l.pack(side = 'left')
    frame_r.pack(side = 'right')
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='请输入学号      ').pack()
    del_sno=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    del_sno.pack()
    b1=tk.Button(third,text='确定', width=15, height=2, command=delete_1)
    b1.pack()
    third.mainloop()
def delete_1():
    id1=del_sno.get()
    sql3="delete from biao where sno="+id1
    try:
        i=cursor.execute(sql3)
    except Exception as e:
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message = e)
    if i!=0:     #mysql会返回一个值，当命令执行成功为1，失败为0
        ku.commit()
    else :
        ku.rollback()
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message ="删除失败")
        return
    tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message ="删除成功")
def change():
    global fouth
    global change_sno
    global change_yw
    global change_sx
    global change_wl
    global change_en
    fouth =tk.Toplevel()
    fouth.title("修改一条学生记录")
    fouth.geometry('300x300')
    # 主Frame
    frame =tk.Frame(fouth)
    frame.pack()
    # 两个子Frame,注意子frame是在主frame的框架下
    frame_l =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_r =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_l.pack(side = 'left')
    frame_r.pack(side = 'right')
    
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='请输入学号      ').pack()
    change_sno=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    change_sno.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='语文成绩        ').pack()
    change_yw=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    change_yw.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='数学成绩        ').pack()
    change_sx=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    change_sx.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='物理成绩        ').pack()
    change_wl=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    change_wl.pack()
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='英语成绩        ').pack()
    change_en=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    change_en.pack()
    #将录入的成绩保存进数据库中
    b1=tk.Button(fouth,text='确定', width=15, height=2, command=update_1)
    b1.pack()
    fouth.mainloop()
def update_1():
    s0= change_sno.get()
    s1= change_yw.get()
    s2= change_sx.get()
    s3= change_wl.get()
    s4= change_en.get()
    a1="update biao set yw=" +s1+ ",sx=" +s2+ ",wl=" +s3+ ",en=" +s4+" where sno=" +s0
    sql1=a1
    try:
        cursor.execute(sql1)
        ku.commit()
    except Exception as e:
        ku.rollback()
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message = e)
        return
    ku.commit()
    tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message ="修改成功")
def query():
    global select_sno
    fifth=tk.Toplevel()
    fifth.title("查询学生记录")
    fifth.geometry('400x300')
    tk.Label(fifth,text='请输入您的查询语句(查询表为:biao)').pack()
    select_sno=tk.Entry(fifth, show = None)
    select_sno.pack()
    b1=tk.Button(fifth,text='确定', width=15, height=2, command=select_1)
    b1.pack()
    b1=tk.Button(fifth,text=' ', width=15, height=2, command=select_2('select * from biao'))
    b1.pack()
    fifth.mainloop()
def select_1():
    fifth_1=tk.Toplevel()
    fifth_1.geometry('400x100')
    t = tk.Text(fifth_1, height=8)
    t.pack()
    order=select_sno.get()
    cursor.execute(order)
    db=cursor.fetchall()
    for i in db:
        t.insert('end', i)
        t.insert('end','\n')
def select_2(order):
    fifth_2=tk.Toplevel()
    fifth_2.geometry('400x100')
    t = tk.Text(fifth_2, height=8)
    t.pack()
    cursor.execute(order)
    db=cursor.fetchall()
    for i in db:
        t.insert('end', i)
        t.insert('end','\n')
def inquire():
    global inquire_sno
    sixth=tk.Toplevel()
    sixth.title("查询一条学生记录")
    sixth.geometry('300x150')
    frame =tk.Frame(sixth)
    frame.pack()
    frame_l =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_r =tk.Frame(frame)
    frame_l.pack(side = 'left')
    frame_r.pack(side = 'right')
    tk.Label(frame_l,text='请输入学号      ').pack()
    inquire_sno=tk.Entry(frame_r, show = None)
    inquire_sno.pack()
    b1=tk.Button(sixth,text='确定', width=15, height=2, command=inquire_1)
    b1.pack()
    sixth.mainloop()
def inquire_1():
    id2=inquire_sno.get()
    sql_order="select * from biao where sno="+id2
    try:
        j=cursor.execute(sql_order)
        #mysql会返回一个值，当命令执行成功为1，失败为0
    except Exception as e:
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message = e)
    if j!=0:
        sixth_1=tk.Toplevel()
        sixth_1.geometry('400x100')
        frame =tk.Frame(sixth_1)
        frame.pack()
        frame_l =tk.Frame(frame)
        frame_r =tk.Frame(frame)
        frame_l.pack(side = 'left')
        frame_r.pack(side = 'right')
        db=cursor.fetchall()
        subject={"语文":"yw","数学":"sx","物理":"wl","英语":"en"}
        for i in subject:
            tk.Label(frame_l,text=i+'成绩为：      ').pack()
            g=subject[i]
            tk.Label(frame_r,text=db[0][g]).pack()
        ku.commit()
    else :
        ku.rollback()
        tk.messagebox.showinfo(title = 'Hi', message ="查询失败")
        return
        
init()
w=tk.Tk()
w.title('成绩管理系统')#主窗口标题
w.geometry('500x350')#窗口尺寸
tk.Label(text='功能列表',bg='yellow').pack()#标签

an=tk.Button(w,text="增加记录",command=add,bg='yellow')
an.pack(padx=20,pady=10,fill = 'x')
an=tk.Button(w,text="删除记录",command=delete,bg='yellow')
an.pack(padx=20,pady=10,fill = 'x')
an=tk.Button(w,text="修改记录",command=change,bg='yellow')
an.pack(padx=20,pady=10,fill = 'x')
an=tk.Button(w,text="查询一个学生记录",command=inquire,bg='yellow')
an.pack(padx=20,pady=10,fill = 'x')
an=tk.Button(w,text="自由查询学生记录",command=query,bg='yellow')
an.pack(padx=20,pady=10,fill = 'x')
an=tk.Button(w,text="退出",command=exit,bg='yellow')
an.pack(padx=20,pady=10,fill = 'x')
w.mainloop()

配置文件

为实现代码自动开启MySQL服务，配置了这两个文件、代码有待优化；

①ks.py

#尝试在python中获取管理员权限的cmd
import subprocess
a = subprocess.call('cmd.py',shell=True)

②cmd.py

#python获取windows管理员权限
#会弹出uac界面
from __future__ import print_function
import ctypes, sys
import subprocess
def is_admin():
    try:
        return ctypes.windll.shell32.IsUserAnAdmin()
    except:
        return False
if is_admin():
    # 将要运行的代码加到这里
    a = subprocess.call('net start mysql',shell=True)
    print(a)
else:
    if sys.version_info[0] == 3:
    	ctypes.windll.shell32.ShellExecuteW(None, "runas", sys.executable, __file__, None, 1)
    else:#in python2.x
        ctypes.windll.shell32.ShellExecuteW(None, u"runas", unicode(sys.executable), unicode(__file__), None, 1)

运行结果演示：

1、功能列表视图

2、增加记录

增加失败时弹出提示弹窗

增加成功显示增加成功

3、删除记录

错误删除亦报错

4、修改一条学生记录

5、查询一条学生记录

5、自由查询记录

或者输入查询语句