mongo-connector实现MongoDB与elasticsearch实时同步深入详解

引言：

验证表明：mongo-connector工具支持MongoDB与ES之间的实时增insert、删delete、改update操作。
对于历史数据，mongo-connector工具不能同步到ES中，根因是本身工具不支持(初步界定），还是没有这种场景，待查（进一步研究后再更新）。

1. mongo-connector 地址：

https://github.com/mongodb-labs/mongo-connector

2、 mongo-connector 工具简介

mongo-connector工具创建一个从MongoDB簇到一个或多个目标系统的管道，目标系统包括：Solr，Elasticsearch，或MongoDB簇。
该工具在MongoDB与目标系统间同步数据，并跟踪MongoDB的oplog，保持操作与MongoDB的实时同步。
该工具已经在python2.6，2.7,3.3+下进行验证。
mongo-connector工具是基于python开发的实时同步服务工具。它要求mongo运行在replica-set模式，且需要 elastic2_doc_manager将数据写入ES。

3、 elastic2-doc-manager 工具简介

这是Elastic2.x版本的文档管理器。对应Elastic1.x版本需要使用 elastic-doc-manager。

4、ES与MongoDB同步步骤:

（1）安装 mongo-connector。

pip install mongo-connector

（2）安装 elastic2-doc-manager。

pip install elastic2-doc-manager

注意：
如果不安装（2）直接进入（3）、（4）则会报错：

[root@5b9dbaaa148a bin]# mongo-connector -m 10.8.5.99:27017 -t 10.8.5.101:9200 -d elastic2_doc_manager
Logging to mongo-connector.log.
Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.6/threading.py", line 532, in __bootstrap_inner
  self.run()

（3）mongo端启动

MongoDB 必须开启复制集，如果已经开启请忽略这一步：

1）通过 –replSet 设定副本集名称。

[root@b48eafd69929 bin]# ./mongod --replSet "rs0"

2）将mongo与副本集成员连接

[root@b48eafd69929 bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.2.4
connecting to: test
Server has startup warnings:
2016-07-05T09:49:01.330+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2016-07-05T09:49:01.330+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2016-07-05T09:49:01.331+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2016-07-05T09:49:01.331+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running on a NUMA machine.
2016-07-05T09:49:01.331+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest launching mongod like this to avoid performance problems:
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** numactl --interleave=all mongod [other options]
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2016-07-05T09:49:01.332+0100 I CONTROL [initandlisten]

3）初始化副本集

> rs.initiate()
{
  "info2" : "no configuration specified. Using a default configuration for the set",
  "me" : "b48eafd69929:27017",
  "ok" : 1
}

4）【验证】初始化副本集的配置

rs0:SECONDARY> rs.conf()
{
  "_id" : "rs0",
  "version" : 1,
  "protocolVersion" : NumberLong(1),
  "members" : [
  {
  "_id" : 0,
  "host" : "b48eafd69929:27017",
  "arbiterOnly" : false,
  "buildIndexes" : true,
  "hidden" : false,
  "priority" : 1,
  "tags" : {

  },
  "slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
  "votes" : 1
  }
  ],
  "settings" : {
  "chainingAllowed" : true,
  "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : 2000,
  "heartbeatTimeoutSecs" : 10,
  "electionTimeoutMillis" : 10000,
  "getLastErrorModes" : {

  },
  "getLastErrorDefaults" : {
  "w" : 1,
  "wtimeout" : 0
  },
  "replicaSetId" : ObjectId("577b74bd0ba41a313110ad62")
  }
}

5）【验证】副本集的状态。

rs0:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
  "set" : "rs0",
  "date" : ISODate("2016-07-05T08:50:55.272Z"),
  "myState" : 1,
  "term" : NumberLong(1),
  "heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
  "members" : [
  {
  "_id" : 0,
  "name" : "b48eafd69929:27017",
  "health" : 1,
  "state" : 1,
  "stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
  "uptime" : 115,
  "optime" : {
  "ts" : Timestamp(1467708606, 1),
  "t" : NumberLong(1)
  },
  "optimeDate" : ISODate("2016-07-05T08:50:06Z"),
  "infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
  "electionTime" : Timestamp(1467708605, 2),
  "electionDate" : ISODate("2016-07-05T08:50:05Z"),
  "configVersion" : 1,
  "self" : true
  }
  ],
  "ok" : 1
}

（4）ES端同步操作

[root@5b9dbaaa148a bin]# mongo-connector -m 10.8.5.99:27017 -t 10.8.5.101:9200 -d elastic2_doc_manager
Logging to mongo-connector.log.

参数含义:
-m: mongodb的地址与端口，端口默认为27017。
-t：ES的地址与端口，端口默认为9200。
-d：doc manager的名称，2.x版本为： elastic2-doc-manager。

5、ES与MongoDB Insert插入操作的同步验证

（1）Mongo端插入数据操作：

#Mongo创建数据库（对应ES的Index）
rs0:PRIMARY> use zhang_index
switched to db zhang_index

#Mongo中插入数据（其中col_02对应ES中的Type）
rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.insert({name:"laoluo", birth:"1964-03-21", sex:"man", company:"chuizi"});
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.insert({name:"renzhengfei", birth:"1954-03-21", sex:"man", company:"huawei"});

（2）Es端检索验证

[root@5b9dbaaa148a test_log]# curl -XGET http://10.8.5.101:9200/zhang_index/col_02/_search?pretty
{
  "took" : 4,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
  "total" : 8,
  "successful" : 8,
  "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
  "total" : 2,
  "max_score" : 1.0,
  "hits" : [ {
  "_index" : "zhang_index",
  "_type" : "col_02",
  "_id" : "577b7d8ceb8e3dc2d1db12a9",
  "_score" : 1.0,
  "_source" : {
  "company" : "huawei",
  "name" : "renzhengfei",
  "birth" : "1954-03-21",
  "sex" : "man"
  }
  }, {
  "_index" : "zhang_index",
  "_type" : "col_02",
  "_id" : "577b7d4aeb8e3dc2d1db12a7",
  "_score" : 1.0,
  "_source" : {
  "company" : "chuizi",
  "name" : "laoluo",
  "birth" : "1964-03-21",
  "sex" : "man"
  }
  } ]
  }
}

6、 ES与MongoDB Update更新操作的同步验证

（1）MongoDB的更新update操作

rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.update({'name':'laoluo'}, {$set:{'name':'luoyonghao'}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
rs0:PRIMARY>
rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.find().pretty()
{
  "_id" : ObjectId("577b7d4aeb8e3dc2d1db12a7"),
  "name" : "luoyonghao",
  "birth" : "1964-03-21",
  "sex" : "man",
  "company" : "chuizi"
}
{
  "_id" : ObjectId("577b7d8ceb8e3dc2d1db12a9"),
  "name" : "renzhengfei",
  "birth" : "1954-03-21",
  "sex" : "man",
  "company" : "huawei"
}

（2）Es端检索更新后结果

[root@5b9dbaaa148a test_log]# curl -XGET http://10.8.5.101:9200/zhang_index/col_02/_search?pretty
{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
  "total" : 8,
  "successful" : 8,
  "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
  "total" : 2,
  "max_score" : 1.0,
  "hits" : [ {
  "_index" : "zhang_index",
  "_type" : "col_02",
  "_id" : "577b7d8ceb8e3dc2d1db12a9",
  "_score" : 1.0,
  "_source" : {
  "company" : "huawei",
  "name" : "renzhengfei",
  "birth" : "1954-03-21",
  "sex" : "man"
  }
  }, {
  "_index" : "zhang_index",
  "_type" : "col_02",
  "_id" : "577b7d4aeb8e3dc2d1db12a7",
  "_score" : 1.0,
  "_source" : {
  "company" : "chuizi",
  "name" : "luoyonghao",
  "birth" : "1964-03-21",
  "sex" : "man"
  }
  } ]
  }
}

7、 ES与MongoDB delete删除操作的同步验证

（1） MongoDB的删除delete操作

rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.remove({'name':'renzhengfei'})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("577b7d4aeb8e3dc2d1db12a7"), "name" : "luoyonghao", "birth" : "1964-03-21", "sex" : "man", "company" : "chuizi" }
rs0:PRIMARY> db.col_02.find().pretty()
{
  "_id" : ObjectId("577b7d4aeb8e3dc2d1db12a7"),
  "name" : "luoyonghao",
  "birth" : "1964-03-21",
  "sex" : "man",
  "company" : "chuizi"
}

（2）ES端检索删除后结果

结果表明，MongoDB删除的内容，ES端已经同步删除。

[root@5b9dbaaa148a test_log]# curl -XGET http://10.8.5.101:9200/zhang_index/col_02/_search?pretty
{
  "took" : 2,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
  "total" : 8,
  "successful" : 8,
  "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
  "total" : 1,
  "max_score" : 1.0,
  "hits" : [ {
  "_index" : "zhang_index",
  "_type" : "col_02",
  "_id" : "577b7d4aeb8e3dc2d1db12a7",
  "_score" : 1.0,
  "_source" : {
  "company" : "chuizi",
  "name" : "luoyonghao",
  "birth" : "1964-03-21",
  "sex" : "man"
  }
  } ]
  }
}

参见详细介绍：

https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/deploy-replica-set/

Mongo与ES同步的5种方式：

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/5-way-sync-data-from-mongodb-es-kai-hao

常见Bug：

How to setup a MongoDB replica set for the connector？
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/deploy-replica-set/

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和你一起，死磕Elasticsearch！
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2016年7月6日 23:22 思于家中床前

作者：铭毅天下
转载请标明出处，原文地址：
http://blog.csdn.net/laoyang360/article/details/51842822
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