银行相关术语及其翻译
电商、银行业务相关
标签（空格分隔）： 银行业务
- 相关术语
- 发布日记，杂文，所见所想
- 撰写发布技术文稿（代码支持）
- 撰写发布学术论文（LaTeX 公式支持）
一、相关术语
银行
1、跑批：
就是结帐。
批量最主要就是产生总帐,进行总分核对，再次就是进行大批量交易，如:结息,计提,代收付等(这一步可以在各分布平台做)。
再次就是生成报表,导出流水数据等。
简单来讲就是每天半夜结算一次，一般是在10点到12点左右。
2、增量：
3、全量：
4、客户授信额度：
说简单点，就是银行给借款人确定的贷款额度。
参考链接
https://baike.baidu.com/link?url=DBuX4url_ZqokHWamQvN_yvMiB8D6ih4JauF4MYHQrqjRvgMytbozduzCQ7wUC2wuBcnlRrbTgkotrgKWd5ABFBxcRxa_L16fKx8I596jIG64LojWntgKDOdiaXx-lHI
授信额度是指商业银行为客户核定的短期授信业务的存量管理指标，一般可分为单笔贷款授信额度、借款企业额度和集团借款企业额度。
5、头寸：
头寸（position）也称为“头衬”就是款项的意思。头寸指投资者拥有或借用的资金数量。
1、如果银行在当日的全部收付款中收入大于支出款项，就称为“多头寸”，如果付出款项大于收入款项，就称为“缺头寸”。对预计这一类头寸的多与少的行为称为"轧头寸"。到处想方设法调进款项的行为称为“调头寸”。如果暂时未用的款项大于需用量时称为“头寸松”，如果资金需求量大于闲置量时就称为“头寸紧”。
6、口径：
就是"标准"，考核和衡量的尺度。
7、预算线：
预算线（Budgetline）：在既定价格水平下，消费者用给定的收入可能购买的各种商品组合点的轨迹。有时称预算约束(budget constraint)或者消费可能线、价格线。
电商
SPU、SKU：
SPU = Standard Product Unit （标准化产品单元） IPhone X
SKU = Stock Keeping Unit(库存量单位) IPhone X 黑色 128G 国行
首先，搞清楚商品与单品的区别。例如，iphone是一个单品，但是在淘宝上当很多商家同时出售这个产品的时候，iphone就是一个商品了。
商品：淘宝叫item，京东叫product，商品特指与商家有关的商品，每个商品有一个商家编码，每个商品下面有多个颜色，款式，可以有多个SKU。
SPU是商品信息聚合的最小单位，是一组可复用、易检索的标准化信息的集合，该集合描述了一个产品的特性。通俗点讲，属性值、特性相同的商品就可以称为一个SPU。
例如，iphone4就是一个SPU，N97也是一个SPU，这个与商家无关，与颜色、款式、套餐也无关。
针对电商而言：
1、SKU是指一款商品，每款都有出现一个SKU，便于电商品牌识别商品。
2、一款商品多色，则是有多个SKU，例：一件衣服，有红色、白色、蓝色，则SKU编码也不相同，如相同则会出现混淆，发错货。
【总结一下】：SPU是标准化产品单元，区分品种；SKU是库存量单位，区分单品；商品特指与商家有关的商品，可对应多个SKU。
ARPU=Average Revenue Per User(每用户平均收入)
ARPU注重的是一个时间段内运营商从每个用户所得到的利润。因此，高端的用户越多，ARPU越高。在这个时间段里，从运营商的运营情况来看，ARPU值高说明利润高，这段时间效益好。
二、相关术语、短语和翻译
| 术语 | 相关翻译 |
|---|---|
| 帐号 | account number |
| 存户 | depositor |
| 存款单 | pay-in slip |
| 存款单 | a deposit form |
| 自动存取机 | a banding machine |
| 存款 | to deposit |
| 存款收据 | deposit receipt |
| 私人存款 | private deposits |
| 存单 | certificate of deposit |
| 存折 | deposit book, passbook |
| 信用卡 | credit card |
| 本金 | principal |
| 透支 | overdraft, overdraw |
| 双签 | to counter sign |
| 背书 | to endorse |
| 背书人 | endorser |
| 兑现 | to cash |
| 兑付 | to honor a cheque |
| 拒付 | to dishonor a cheque |
| 止付 | to suspend payment |
| 支票 | cheque,check |
| 支票本 | cheque book |
| 记名支票 | order cheque |
| 不记名支票 | bearer cheque |
| 横线支票 | crossed cheque |
| 空白支票 | blank cheque |
| 空头支票 | rubber cheque |
| 票根 | cheque stub, counterfoil |
| 现金支票 | cash cheque |
| 旅行支票 | traveler’s cheque |
| 转帐支票 | cheque for transfer |
| 未付支票 | outstanding cheque |
| 已付支票 | canceled cheque |
| 伪支票 | forged cheque |
| 庄票银票 | Bandar’s note |
| 银行家 | banker |
| 行长 | president |
| 储蓄银行 | savings bank |
| 大通银行 | Chase Bank |
| 花旗银行 | Citibank |
| 汇丰银行 | Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation |
| 麦加利银行 | Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China |
| 东方汇理银行 | Banque de I’IndoChine |
| 中央银行 | central bank, national bank, banker’s bank |
| 发行币银行 | bank of issue, bank of circulation |
| 商业银行储蓄信贷银行 | commercial bank |
| 储蓄信贷银行 | member bank, credit bank |
| 贴现银行 | discount bank |
| 汇兑银行 | exchange bank |
| 委托开证银行 | requesting bank |
| 开证银行 | issuing bank, opening bank |
| 通知银行 | advising bank, notifying bank |
| 议付银行 | negotiation bank |
| 保兑银行 | confirming bank |
| 付款银行 | paying bank |
| 代收银行 | associate banker of collection |
| 委托银行 | consigned banker of collection |
| 清算银行 | clearing bank |
| 本地银行 | local bank |
| 国内银行 | domestic bank |
| 国外银行 | overseas bank |
| 钱庄 | unincorporated bank |
| 银行分行 | branch bank |
| 信托储蓄银行 | trustee savings bank |
| 信托公司 | trust company |
| 金融信托公司 | financial trust |
| 信托投资公司 | unit trust |
| 银行的信托部 | trust institution |
| 银行的信用部 | credit department |
| 商业信贷公司（贴现公司） | commercial credit company(discount company) |
| 街道储蓄所 | neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit |
| 合作银行 | credit union |
| 商业兴信所 | credit bureau |
| 无人银行 | self-service bank |
| 土地银行 | land bank |
| 建设银行 | construction bank |
| 工商银行 | industrial and commercial bank |
| 交通银行 | bank of communications |
| 互助储蓄银行 | mutual savings bank |
| 邮局储蓄银行 | post office savings bank |
| 抵押银行 | mortgage bank, building society |
| 实业银行 | industrial bank |
| 家宅贷款银行 | home loan bank |
| 准备银行 | reserve bank |
| 特许银行 | chartered bank |
| 往来银行 | corresponding bank |
| 承兑银行 | merchant bank, accepting bank |
| 投资银行 | investment bank |
| 进出口银行 | import and export bank (EXIMBANK) |
| 合资银行 | joint venture bank |
| 钱庄 | money shop, native bank |
| 信用社 | credit cooperatives |
| 票据交换所 | clearing house |
| 公共会计 | public accounting |
| 商业会计 | business accounting |
| 成本会计 | cost accounting |
| 折旧会计 | depreciation accounting |
| 电脑化会计 | computerized accounting |
| 总帐 | general ledger |
| 分户帐 | subsidiary ledger |
| 现金出纳帐 | cash book |
| 现金帐 | cash account |
| 日记帐流水帐 | journal, day-book |
| 坏帐 | bad debts |
| 问题资产 | troubled asset |
| 投资 | investment |
| 结余 | surplus |
| 游资 | idle capital |
| 经济周期 | economic cycle |
| 经济繁荣 | economic boom |
| 经济衰退 | economic recession |
| 经济萧条 | economic depression |
| 经济危机 | economic crisis |
| 经济复苏 | economic recovery |
| 通货膨胀 | inflation |
| 通货收缩 | deflation |
| 货币贬值 | devaluation |
| 货币增值 | revaluation |
| 国际收支 | international balance of payment |
| 顺差 | favourable balance |
| 逆差 | adverse balance |
| 硬通货 | hard currency |
| 软通货 | soft currency |
| 国际货币制度 | international monetary system |
| 货币购买力 | the purchasing power of money |
| 货币流通量 | money in circulation |
| 纸币发行量 | note issue |
| 国家预算 | national budget |
| 国民生产总值 | national gross product |
| 公债 | public bond |
| 股票 | stock, share |
| 债券 | debenture |
| 国库券 | treasury bill |
| 债务链 | debt chain |
| 直接（对角）套汇 | direct exchange |
| 间接（三角）套汇 | indirect exchange |
| 套汇汇率 | cross rate, arbitrage rate |
| 外汇储备 | foreign currency (exchange) reserve |
| 外汇波动 | foreign exchange fluctuation |
| 外汇危机 | foreign exchange crisis |
| 贴现 | discount |
| 贴现率 | discount rate, bank rate |
| 黄金储备 | gold reserve |
| 金融市场 | money (financial) market |
| 股票交易所 | stock exchange |
| 经纪人 | broker |
| 佣金 | commission |
| 簿记 | bookkeeping |
| 簿记员 | bookkeeper |
| 申请单 | an application form |
| 对帐单 | bank statement |
| 信用证 | letter of credit |
| 保险库 | strong room, vault |
| 等价税则 | equitable tax system |
| 签字式样 | specimen signature |
| 营业时间 | banking hours, business hours |
| 活期存款 | current deposit, current account |
| 定期存款 | fixed deposit, fixed account |
| 零存整取 | fixed deposit by installments |
| 存款帐户 | joint account |
| 开户头 | to open an account |
| 帐目编号 | account number |
| 存户 | depositor |
| 存款单 | pay-in slip |
| 存款单 | a deposit form |
| 自动存取机 | a banding machine |
| 存款 | to deposit |
| 存款收据 | deposit receipt |
| 私人存款 | private deposits |
| 存单 | certificate of deposit |
| 存折 | deposit book, passbook |
| 信用卡 | credit card |
| 本金 | principal |
| 透支 | overdraft, overdraw |
| 双签 | to counter sign |
| 背书 | to endorse |
| 背书人 | endorser |
| 兑现 | to cash |
| 兑付 | to honor a cheque |
| 拒付 | to dishonor a cheque |
| 止付 | to suspend payment |
| 支票 | cheque,check |
| 支票本 | cheque book |
| 记名支票 | order cheque |
| 不记名支票 | bearer cheque |
| 横线支票 | crossed cheque |
| 空白支票 | blank cheque |
| 空头支票 | rubber cheque |
| 票根 | cheque stub, counterfoil |
| 现金支票 | cash cheque |
| '旅行支票 | traveler’s cheque |
| 转帐支票 | cheque for transfer |
| 未付支票 | outstanding cheque |
| 已付支票 | canceled cheque |
| 伪支票 | forged cheque |
| 庄票银票 | Bandar’s note |
| （旧时指商店的销货额）流水 | turnover (in business) |
| 账务 | Accounts |
| 机构 | institution |
| 财务 | Finance |
| 借贷 | borrowing |
| 科目 | Account |
| 币种 | currency |
| 交易金额折人民币 | Exchange rate of RMB |
| 源系统 | Source_System |
| 交易行为 | Trading |
| 调整金额 | Adjustment Amount |
| 明细 | Detailed |
短语
How much do you want to deposit with us?
你想在我们这存多少？
How much do you wish to pay into your account?
你希望在你的户头上存多少？
How much money do you plan to keep in your account on a regular basis?
你计划在你的户头上定期存放多少钱？
How much cash do you plan to deposit in your account?
你有多少钱要存入呢？
I think you may deposit your money with the bank, or leave it here for temporary safe-keeping.
我认为你可把钱存入银行，或留在银行暂保管起来。
Would you please fill in the depositing form, giving the sum of money you're to deposit as well as your name, address and professional unit?
请填张存款单，写明要存的数额以及你的姓名，地址和工作的单位，好吗？
I want to deposit 300 yuan in my account.
我想在我的户头上存300元。
I want to deposit these cheques in my account.
我想把这些支票存在我的户头上。
I'd like to pay 200 yuan into my deposit account.
我想在在我的定期存款户头上存200元。
I want to deposit my paycheck.
我想存入我的工资支票。
I'd like to know whether I can cash a cheque here.
我想知道我能否在这兑换支票。
Will you please cash this traveler's cheque?
请兑现这张旅行支票好吗？
I'd like to cash this money order.
我想兑现这张汇款单。
I want to cash the balance of a traveler's letter of credit.
我要把旅行信用证的结余兑现。
Will you please tell me whether you charge for cheques?
请告诉我兑换支票收手续费吗？
Could you tell me how much the checks cost?
请告诉我这些支票要花多少钱？
What if I overdraw?
如果透支了怎么办？
Please sign your name on the bottom line if you want to cash the check.
如果想兑支票，请在底线上签名。
Please write your account number on the back of the check.
请在支票背面写上你的帐号。
We honored the check as the overdraft was only 5 yuan.
我们承兑这张支票的透支额只有5元。
Please endorse the cheque.
请背签这张支票。
The traveler's checks cost 1.5% of the total amount of purchase.
旅行支票手续费是购买总额的1.5%。
Here's the cheque book. When you send a cheque by post be careful to cross it, but if you wish to cash a cheque yourself, you must leave it "open".
这是一本支票簿，你邮寄支票时，注意要在支票上打叉线。但是如果你本人想开张兑现支票，就不可打叉线。
Each cheque you write will cost 2 dollars.
你每开一张支票将花2美圆。
**Useful Phrases 实用短语**
What kind of account did you have in your mind?
你想开哪种帐户?
Do you like to open a current account?
你想开一个活期存款帐户吗?
A deposit or current account?
定期还是活期?
Please tell me how you would like to deposit your money.
请告诉我你想存何种户头?
There's a service charge for the checking account but no charge for the savings.
支票户头要收服务费，现金户头不收。
Our minimum deposit for a savings account is 100 dollars.
我们储蓄存款的最低存款额是100美圆。
Five yuan is the minimum original deposit.
最低起存款额是5元。
You can open a savings account at any time with an initial deposit of 50 dollars.
你可随时以50美圆的起存额开立储蓄帐户。
Even one yuan is all right.
甚至一元也可以起存。
Here is your pasbook. Please bring it back when you deposit or withdraw money any time you like. Keep it well and inform us whenever you lose it.
这是你的存折，存取款时请带来。保管好存折，遗失请告诉我们。
I should like to open a current account.
我想开一个活期存款帐户。
I need a checking account so that I can pay my bill.
我需开个支票帐户，这样就能付帐。
We'd like to know how we open a checking-savings account.
我们想知道如何开一个支票储蓄帐户。
I have a checking account here.
我在这里有一个支票存款帐户。
I think I'd like a deposit account.
我想要开个定期存款帐户。
Can I open a current account here?
我能否在这儿开个活期存款帐户？
I want to open a deposit account with you.
我要开个储蓄帐户。
I'd like to open a deposit account with you.
我想在你们这儿开个定期存款帐户。
Could you tell me the difference between a savings account and a checking account?
请告诉我储蓄存款与支票存款的区别好吗？
Please tell me the procedure for opening a savings account.
请告诉我开个储蓄帐户需要什么手续。
Will 100 yuan be enough for a minimum deposit?
100元作最低存款额够吗？
I'd like to know whether a 200 yuan deposit will be enough for opening a checking account.
我想知道开一个支票帐户200元存款是否够。
Could you tell me how to operate this account?
请告诉我如何经管这个帐户好吗？
Is there any minimum for the first deposit?
第一次储蓄有最低限额吗？
How much does each account cost?
每个帐户要花多少钱？