pg_rman备份

本次实施是用pg的pg_rman备份工具进行备份,制定的备份计划是每周日全被，周一，周三进行增量备份，每10分钟备份一次归档
1实施备份之前的准备工作；
先查看要备份的数据库名称

postgres=# \l

distributedb | distributedbuser | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =Tc/distributedbuser +
| | | | | distributedbuser=CTc/distributedbuser
postgres | postgres | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 |
template0 | postgres | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
template1 | postgres | UTF8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | zh_CN.UTF-8 | =c/postgres +
| | | | | postgres=CTc/postgres
用pg_dump先对数据库进行逻辑备份
pg_dump distributedb > /var/lib/pgsql/distributedb0701.dmp
pg_dumpall>/var/lib/pgsql/pgall0701.dmp
2安装pg_rman
文件名称pg_rman-1.2.11-1.pg94.rhel6.x86_64.rpm
（1）建立备份目录和归档目录/backup /arclog并把所有者改为postgres
（2）配置环境变量
-bash-4.1 cat.bashrcexportPATH=/usr/pgsql−9.4/bin:/opt/pgsql/bin: c a t . b a s h r c e x p o r t P A T H = / u s r / p g s q l − 9.4 / b i n : / o p t / p g s q l / b i n : PATH: HOME/binexportPGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4/dataexportPGUSER=postgresexportPGPORT=5432exportLDLIBRARYPATH=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4: H O M E / b i n e x p o r t P G D A T A = / v a r / l i b / p g s q l / 9.4 / d a t a e x p o r t P G U S E R = p o s t g r e s e x p o r t P G P O R T = 5432 e x p o r t L D L I B R A R Y P A T H = / v a r / l i b / p g s q l / 9.4 : LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export BACKUP_PATH=/backup
（3）修改postgresql.conf文件，并且重启数据库
wal_level=archive
archive_mode = on
archive_command = ‘test ! -f /arclog/%f&& cp %p /arclog/%f
（4）初始化，初始化备份目录：
开始初始化备份目录：pg_rman init -B /backup
当显示：
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to ‘/arclog’
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to ‘/opt/pgsql/data/pg_log’
代表备份目录初始化成功。查看pg_rman.ini：cat /backup/pg_rman.ini显示：
ARCLOG_PATH=’/arclog’
SRVLOG_PATH=’/opt/pgsql/data/pg_log’
至此，pg_rman安装完毕。
修改pg_rman.ini 文件为：
ARCLOG_PATH=’/arclog’
SRVLOG_PATH=’/opt/pgsql/data/pg_log’
COMPRESS_DATA = YES
KEEP_ARCLOG_FILES = 10
KEEP_ARCLOG_DAYS = 10
KEEP_DATA_GENERATIONS = 3
KEEP_DATA_DAYS = 120
KEEP_SRVLOG_FILES = 10
KEEP_SRVLOG_DAYS = 10
3根据需求用shell编写了三个备份脚本
（1）全被脚本
-bash-4.1$ cat in0.sh

!/bin/bash

export PATH=/usr/pgsql-9.4/bin:/opt/pgsql/bin: PATH: P A T H : HOME/bin
export PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGPORT=5432
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export BACKUP_PATH=/backup
pg_rman backup –backup-mode=full
pg_rman validate

（2）增量脚本
-bash-4.1$ cat in1.sh

!/bin/bash

export PATH=/usr/pgsql-9.4/bin:/opt/pgsql/bin: PATH: P A T H : HOME/bin
export PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGPORT=5432
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4: LDLIBRARYPATHexportBACKUPPATH=/backuppgrmanbackup–backup−mode=incremental–with−serverlogpgrmanvalidate（3）备份归档的脚本−bash−4.1 L D L I B R A R Y P A T H e x p o r t B A C K U P P A T H = / b a c k u p p g r m a n b a c k u p – b a c k u p − m o d e = i n c r e m e n t a l – w i t h − s e r v e r l o g p g r m a n v a l i d a t e （ 3 ） 备 份 归 档 的 脚 本 − b a s h − 4.1 cat in2.sh

!/bin/bash

export PATH=/usr/pgsql-9.4/bin:/opt/pgsql/bin: PATH: P A T H : HOME/bin
export PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4/data
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGPORT=5432
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/var/lib/pgsql/9.4:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export BACKUP_PATH=/backup

export BACKUP_PATH=/backup
pg_rman backup –backup-mode= archive –with-serverlog
pg_rman validate
-bash-4.1$ crontab -e
10,20,30,40,50 * * * * sh /var/lib/pgsql/in2.sh >> /var/lib/pgsql/in22.log 2>&1
30 2 * * 1,3 sh /var/lib/pgsql/in1.sh >> /var/lib/pgsql/in11.log 2>&1
30 2 * * 0 sh /var/lib/pgsql/in0.sh >> /var/lib/pgsql/in00.log 2>&1
pg_rman restore –recovery-target-time “2015-06-12 17:21:18”
pg_rman 的命令详解

执行全库备份：pg_rman backup –backup-mode=full
当显示：
INFO: database backup start
NOTICE: pg_stop_backup complete, all required WAL segments have been archived
全库备份成功。
备份验证：pg_rman validate
查看备份集:pg_rman show
执行增量备份；pg_rman backup –backup-mode=incremental –with-serverlog
验证：pg_rman validate
执行备份：pg_rman backup –backup-mode= archive –with-serverlog
验证：pg_rman validate
执行指定时间点的恢复。
pg_rman restore –recovery-target-time “2015-06-12 17:21:18”