shell中调用python脚本

shell中调用python脚本

在sh脚本中可通过python命令调用py脚本，同样可以获取py脚本的返回码与输出

py脚本的sys.exit([arg])

python doc中的内容

Exit from Python. This is implemented by raising the SystemExit exception, so cleanup actions specified by finally clauses of try statements are honored, and it is possible to intercept the exit attempt at an outer level. The optional argument arg can be an integer giving the exit status (defaulting to zero), or another type of object. If it is an integer, zero is considered “successful termination” and any nonzero value is considered “abnormal termination” by shells and the like. Most systems require it to be in the range 0-127, and produce undefined results otherwise. Some systems have a convention for assigning specific meanings to specific exit codes, but these are generally underdeveloped; Unix programs generally use 2 for command line syntax errors and 1 for all other kind of errors. If another type of object is passed, None is equivalent to passing zero, and any other object is printed to sys.stderr and results in an exit code of 1. In particular, sys.exit(“some error message”) is a quick way to exit a program when an error occurs.

• 直接调用exit(),注意是个函数要加括号，无参数默认返回码0，表示脚本运行成功

• 参数可以是整数也可以是其他对象，若是其他对象测返回码为1，如错误信息字符串，同时字符串内容也会输出

  # test.py
  print 'test'
  exit('error message')
  
  # 运行脚本
  python test.py
  echo $?
  
  输出
  test
  error message
  1
  

• 获取py脚本中print内容，同样通过output=python *.py或output=$(python *.py)获取，通过这种方式py中的print不会在控制台输出

  # test.py
  print 'test'
  exit('error message')
  
  # 运行脚本
  x=`python test.py`
  echo $?
  echo ${x}
  
  输出  
  error message
  1   
  test