windows代码设置默认音频输出设备
1.windows音频输入设备与输出设备
1）windows中音频输入设备是指麦克风，如下图：
2）windows中音频输出设备是指扬声器，如下图：
2.有些时候，windows音频播放设备可能有多个，那么如何通过代码设置默认的音频输出设备呢？
法1：利用wave系列函数
新建windows控制台程序，加入如下代码：
#include "stdafx.h"
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib, "Winmm.lib")
#ifdef UNICODE
#define tcout wcout
#else
#define tcout cout
#endif
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
int nSoundCardCount = waveOutGetNumDevs();
for (int i = 0; i < nSoundCardCount; i++)
{
WAVEOUTCAPS woc;
waveOutGetDevCaps(i, &woc, sizeof(woc));
tcout << woc.szPname << endl;
}
//waveOutMessage((HWAVEOUT)WAVE_MAPPER,WAVE_MAPPED_DEFAULT_COMMUNICATION_DEVICE,1,0);
system("pause");
return 0;
} 这里可以枚举出所有的播放设备，但是要设置默认的播放设备，暂时不知道怎么弄，网上说用waveOutMessage发送一个消息，但是那个消息windows中找不到，而且还是winCE的，所以只好放弃
法2：利用微软未公布的api实现
这里要用到PolicyConfig.h和SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice,自行添加.h文件和接口即可
1）PolicyConfig.h内容
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// PolicyConfig.h
// Undocumented COM-interface IPolicyConfig.
// Use for set default audio render endpoint
// @author EreTIk
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma once
interface DECLSPEC_UUID("f8679f50-850a-41cf-9c72-430f290290c8")
IPolicyConfig;
class DECLSPEC_UUID("870af99c-171d-4f9e-af0d-e63df40c2bc9")
CPolicyConfigClient;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// class CPolicyConfigClient
// {870af99c-171d-4f9e-af0d-e63df40c2bc9}
//
// interface IPolicyConfig
// {f8679f50-850a-41cf-9c72-430f290290c8}
//
// Query interface:
// CComPtr PolicyConfig;
// PolicyConfig.CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigClient));
//
// @compatible: Windows 7 and Later
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
interface IPolicyConfig : public IUnknown
{
public:
virtual HRESULT GetMixFormat(
PCWSTR,
WAVEFORMATEX **
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDeviceFormat(
PCWSTR,
INT,
WAVEFORMATEX **
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ResetDeviceFormat(
PCWSTR
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDeviceFormat(
PCWSTR,
WAVEFORMATEX *,
WAVEFORMATEX *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetProcessingPeriod(
PCWSTR,
INT,
PINT64,
PINT64
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetProcessingPeriod(
PCWSTR,
PINT64
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetShareMode(
PCWSTR,
struct DeviceShareMode *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetShareMode(
PCWSTR,
struct DeviceShareMode *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyValue(
PCWSTR,
const PROPERTYKEY &,
PROPVARIANT *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetPropertyValue(
PCWSTR,
const PROPERTYKEY &,
PROPVARIANT *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDefaultEndpoint(
__in PCWSTR wszDeviceId,
__in ERole eRole
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEndpointVisibility(
PCWSTR,
INT
);
};
interface DECLSPEC_UUID("568b9108-44bf-40b4-9006-86afe5b5a620")
IPolicyConfigVista;
class DECLSPEC_UUID("294935CE-F637-4E7C-A41B-AB255460B862")
CPolicyConfigVistaClient;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// class CPolicyConfigVistaClient
// {294935CE-F637-4E7C-A41B-AB255460B862}
//
// interface IPolicyConfigVista
// {568b9108-44bf-40b4-9006-86afe5b5a620}
//
// Query interface:
// CComPtr PolicyConfig;
// PolicyConfig.CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigVistaClient));
//
// @compatible: Windows Vista and Later
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
interface IPolicyConfigVista : public IUnknown
{
public:
virtual HRESULT GetMixFormat(
PCWSTR,
WAVEFORMATEX **
); // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetDeviceFormat(
PCWSTR,
INT,
WAVEFORMATEX **
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDeviceFormat(
PCWSTR,
WAVEFORMATEX *,
WAVEFORMATEX *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetProcessingPeriod(
PCWSTR,
INT,
PINT64,
PINT64
); // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetProcessingPeriod(
PCWSTR,
PINT64
); // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetShareMode(
PCWSTR,
struct DeviceShareMode *
); // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetShareMode(
PCWSTR,
struct DeviceShareMode *
); // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE GetPropertyValue(
PCWSTR,
const PROPERTYKEY &,
PROPVARIANT *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetPropertyValue(
PCWSTR,
const PROPERTYKEY &,
PROPVARIANT *
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetDefaultEndpoint(
__in PCWSTR wszDeviceId,
__in ERole eRole
);
virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE SetEndpointVisibility(
PCWSTR,
INT
); // not available on Windows 7, use method from IPolicyConfig
};
2）添加头文件和接口
#include "Mmdeviceapi.h"
#include "PolicyConfig.h"
#include "Propidl.h"
#include "Functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h"HRESULT SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice( LPCWSTR devID )
{
IPolicyConfigVista *pPolicyConfig;
ERole reserved = eConsole;
HRESULT hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(CPolicyConfigVistaClient),
NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IPolicyConfigVista), (LPVOID *)&pPolicyConfig);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = pPolicyConfig->SetDefaultEndpoint(devID, reserved);
pPolicyConfig->Release();
}
return hr;
}3）利用上面的接口自己写函数来设置默认输出设备
这里是自己添加的设置默认输出设备函数（MFC工程）
//设置默认音频播放设备
#define DEF_AUDIO_NAME _T("扬声器")
void InitDefaultAudioDevice()
{
HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IMMDeviceEnumerator *pEnum = NULL;
// Create a multimedia device enumerator.
hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator), NULL,
CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator), (void**)&pEnum);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
//判断是否是默认的音频设备,是就退出
bool bExit = false;
IMMDevice *pDefDevice = NULL;
hr = pEnum->GetDefaultAudioEndpoint(eRender, eMultimedia,&pDefDevice);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IPropertyStore *pStore;
hr = pDefDevice->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
PROPVARIANT friendlyName;
PropVariantInit(&friendlyName);
hr = pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &friendlyName);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
CString strTmp = friendlyName.pwszVal;
if (strTmp.Find(DEF_AUDIO_NAME) != -1)
{
bExit = true;
}
PropVariantClear(&friendlyName);
}
pStore->Release();
}
pDefDevice->Release();
}
if (bExit)
{
pEnum->Release();
return;
}
IMMDeviceCollection *pDevices;
// Enumerate the output devices.
hr = pEnum->EnumAudioEndpoints(eRender, DEVICE_STATE_ACTIVE, &pDevices);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
UINT count;
pDevices->GetCount(&count);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
bool bFind = false;
IMMDevice *pDevice;
hr = pDevices->Item(i, &pDevice);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
LPWSTR wstrID = NULL;
hr = pDevice->GetId(&wstrID);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IPropertyStore *pStore;
hr = pDevice->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
PROPVARIANT friendlyName;
PropVariantInit(&friendlyName);
hr = pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &friendlyName);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
// if no options, print the device
// otherwise, find the selected device and set it to be default
CString strTmp = friendlyName.pwszVal;
if (strTmp.Find(DEF_AUDIO_NAME) != -1)
{
SetDefaultAudioPlaybackDevice(wstrID);
bFind = true;
}
PropVariantClear(&friendlyName);
}
pStore->Release();
}
}
pDevice->Release();
}
if (bFind)
{
break;
}
}
}
pDevices->Release();
}
pEnum->Release();
}
}
CoUninitialize();
}
需要设置哪一个输出设备，自己修改宏的内容即可