linux安装mysql5.7

以下内容以centos7、mysql5.7为例

1. 添加用户和用户组

   groupadd mysql
   useradd -r -g mysql mysql
   

2. 下载mysql
   下载地址https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
   根据系统选择
   将下载的压缩包推到/usr/local目录下

3. 解压
   进入压缩包所在目录

   cd /usr/local
   

   解压

   tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
   

   修改文件名为mysql方便后续操作

   mv mysql-5.7.16-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
   

4. 创建data文件夹

   cd mysql
   mkdir data
   

5. 修改mysql文件夹权限

   cd /usr/local/
   chown -R mysql mysql/
   chgrp -R mysql mysql/
   

6. 配置mysql

   3. 创建mysql.sock文件并配置权限

      cd /usr/local/mysql/
      mkdir tmp
      cd tmp
      touch mysql.sock
      chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/tmp
      chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/tmp
      chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
      ln -s /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
      

   4. 创建mysqld.log文件并配置权限

      cd /usr/local/mysql/
      mkdir log
      cd log
      touch mysqld.log
      chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/log
      chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/log
      chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql/log/mysqld.log
      

   5. 创建mysqld.pid文件并配置权限

      cd /usr/local/mysql/tmp
      touch mysqld.pid
      chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid
      chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid
      

7. 初始化mysql
   初始化mysql

   cd /usr/local/mysql/
   bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
   

此处会生成初始化密码，后续将修改
8. 配置mysql文件
删除原有my.cnf文件，并生成新的

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf

复制以下内容

[mysqld]
# 默认引擎
default-storage-engine=innodb
innodb_file_per_table
# 字符集
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
#路径
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysqld.pid
port = 3306
#表名不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections=5000
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE

9. 添加mysql服务

   cd /usr/local/mysql/
   cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
   

   cd bin/
   ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
   /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
   

   服务开机自启

   systemctl enable mysqld
   

10. 加入全局变量

    echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
    source /etc/profile
    

11. 修改密码

    1. 配置跳过密码认证
       修改my.cnf文件

       vi /etc/my.cnf
       

       添加一行

       skip-grant-tables
       

       保存退出
       重启mysql

       service mysqld restart
       

    2. 登录mysql修改密码

       ./mysql
       mysql> use mysql;
       mysql> update user set authentication_string=password("你的新密码") where user="root";
       mysql> flush privileges;
       mysql> quit
       

    3. 去掉跳过密码验证
       修改my.cnf文件

       vi /etc/my.cnf
       

       去掉

       skip-grant-tables
       

       保存退出
       重启mysql

       service mysqld restart
       

12. 设置允许远程登陆mysql

    ./mysql -uroot -p新密码
    

    mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '修改的密码';
    mysql> flush privileges;
    mysql> use mysql
    mysql> update  user  set host='%' where user='root';
    mysql> flush privileges;
    mysql> quit
    

    重启mysql

    service mysqld restart
    

需关闭防火墙或开启3306端口方可远程连接

13. 关闭防火墙

    systemctl stop firewalld
    

    禁止防火墙开机自启

    systemctl disable firewalld
    

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参考博客：https://blog.csdn.net/pdsu161530247/article/details/81585889