gtk学习总结：GTK从入门到放弃，三天包教包会
今天花了一些时间复习之前学习过的gtk，感觉东西光学不用忘得好快啊，在这做个之前学过的内容的备份，希望对大家有用，也希望大家不要从入门到放弃。文中有些代码例子可能来自《GTK从入门到精通》吧，我不记得了，或者叫《GTK中文教程》，忘记了，总之，这是一个学习笔记，希望不触及任何人的利益，起到共享学习之用。
目录
编译方法
编译脚本
01.一个简单的按钮
02.两个按钮
03.vbox：一张图片+一个按钮
04.一个简单的提示窗口：下一步+上一步+确定
05.多按钮：一个简单的键盘
06.一个简单的画图draw界面
07.带图片的按钮
10.控制条scrollbar
12.标签label
12.子窗口：触发事件打开窗口
13.进度条progressbar
14.窗口标尺gtk_hruler_new
15.状态栏（条）gtk_statusbar_new
另一个例子
16.文本输入gtk_entry_new：可见/不可见，可输入/不可输入
规定最大长度的gtk_entry_new_with_max_length
输入文本执行一条命令
17.文件选择：gtk_file_selection_new
18.事件盒子gtk_event_box_new
19.固定容器：gtk_fixed_new
20.一个简单的frame：gtk_frame_new（不同于java的JFrame）
gtk_aspect_frame_new：更多选项的frame
21.滚动窗口：gtk_scrolled_window_new
又一个例子：滚动窗口中放按钮
显示动态图：直接引用GIF，用多张图片显示动图效果
24.画图接口：gdk_draw_arc，gdk_draw_rectangle
25.文本文件编辑gtk_text_view_new
27.工具栏/条：gtk_toolbar_new
28.浮动的工具条的菜单
30.模拟90坦克游戏：在frame中移动一个图片，键盘控制走向
31.pixmap：
33.分隔面板：gtk_hpanel_new，gtk_vpanel_new（未编译）
35.字体选择：gtk_font_selection_dialog_new
36.几个画图的骚操作：gtk_drawing_area_new
先给出三个例子的效果：
代码1效果
代码2效果
代码3效果
代码1
代码2
代码3
最后寄语
编译方法
$ gcc main.c `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-3.0`或者使用gtk-2.0。
编译脚本
#!/bin/bash
if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then
echo "usage: $0 [main.c]"
exit
fi
gcc -o a $1 `pkg-config --libs --cflags gtk+-2.0`01.一个简单的按钮
#include
//#include "temp.c"
/* 这是一个回调函数。data 参数在本示例中被忽略。
* 后面有更多的回调函数示例。*/
void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data );
}
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
/* 如果你的 "delete_event" 信号处理函数返回 FALSE，GTK 会发出 "destroy" 信号。
* 返回 TRUE，你不希望关闭窗口。
* 当你想弹出“你确定要退出吗?”对话框时它很有用。*/
g_print ("delete event occurred\n");
/* 改 TRUE 为 FALSE 程序会关闭。*/
return FALSE;
}
/* 另一个回调函数 */
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
/* 这个函数在所有的 GTK 程序都要调用。参数由命令行中解析出来并且送到该程序中*/
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/* 当窗口收到 "delete_event" 信号 (这个信号由窗口管理器发出，通常是“关闭”
* 选项或是标题栏上的关闭按钮发出的)，我们让它调用在前面定义的 delete_event() 函数。
* 传给回调函数的 data 参数值是 NULL，它会被回调函数忽略。*/
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 在这里我们连接 "destroy" 事件到一个信号处理函数。
* 对这个窗口调用 gtk_widget_destroy() 函数或在 "delete_event" 回调函数中返回 FALSE 值
* 都会触发这个事件。*/
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",
G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
/* 设置窗口边框的宽度。*/
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个标签为 "Hello World" 的新按钮。*/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello World");
/* 当按钮收到 "clicked" 信号时会调用 hello() 函数，并将NULL传给
* 它作为参数。hello() 函数在前面定义了。*/
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (hello), "1");
/* 当点击按钮时，会通过调用 gtk_widget_destroy(window) 来关闭窗口。
* "destroy" 信号会从这里或从窗口管理器发出。*/
// g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
// G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy),window);
/* 把按钮放入窗口 (一个 gtk 容器) 中。*/
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);
/* 最后一步是显示新创建的按钮和窗口 */
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 所有的 GTK 程序必须有一个 gtk_main() 函数。程序运行停在这里
* 等待事件 (如键盘事件或鼠标事件) 的发生。*/
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 02.两个按钮
#include
/* 我们新改进的回调函数。传递到该函数的数据将打印到标准输出(stdout)。*/
void callback( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("%s ", (gchar *) data);
}
/* 另一个回调函数 */
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
return FALSE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *box1;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/* 这是一个新的调用,设置窗口标题为"Hello Buttons!" */
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Hello Buttons!");
/* 在这里我们为 delete_event 设置了一个处理函数来立即退出 GTK。*/
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 设置窗口边框的宽度。 */
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 20);
/* 我们创建了一个组装盒。详情参见“组装”章节。我们看不见组装盒,它仅被作为排列构件的工具。*/
box1 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 1);
/* 把组装盒放入主窗口中。*/
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1);
/* 创建一个标签为 "Button 1" 的新按钮。*/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello");
/* 当按钮被按下时,我们调用 "callback" 函数,并将一个指向 "button 1" 的指针作为它的参数。*/
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "hello");
/* 代替 gtk_container_add,我们把按钮放入不可见的组装盒,该组合盒已经组装进窗口中了。*/
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
/* 总是记住这一步,它告诉 GTK 我们为这个按钮做的准备工作已经完成了,现在可以显示它了。*/
gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 同样创建第二个按钮。*/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("World");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "World");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX (box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 同样创建第3个按钮。*/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("!");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), "!");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX (box1), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (box1);
gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 停在这里等待事件发生。*/
gtk_main ();
return 0;
}
03.vbox：一张图片+一个按钮
/* 创建SPLASH窗口 splash.c */
#include
//主函数
int main (int argc,char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window ;
GtkWidget* vbox ;
GtkWidget* image ;
GtkWidget* button ;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_POPUP);//////////no boundary
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"Splash窗口");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
//gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);
//gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),500,400);
//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("b.png");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,0);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("Splash窗口");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,0);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 04.一个简单的提示窗口：下一步+上一步+确定
/* 每日提示 tips.c */
#include
//XPM格式的图像数据，以C语言源代码形式存于文件中
static char * book_open_xpm[] = {
"16 16 4 1",
" c None s None",
". c black",
"X c #808080",
"o c white",
" ",
" .. ",
" .Xo. ... ",
" .Xoo. ..oo. ",
" .Xooo.Xooo... ",
" .Xooo.oooo.X. ",
" .Xooo.Xooo.X. ",
" .Xooo.oooo.X. ",
" .Xooo.Xooo.X. ",
" .Xooo.oooo.X. ",
" .Xoo.Xoo..X. ",
" .Xo.o..ooX. ",
" .X..XXXXX. ",
" ..X....... ",
" .. ",
" "};
//自定义提示信息
static gchar *info[5] = {
"此软件用于测试每日提示功能的实现，如果你发现问题请及时回复。",
"我们的目的是把GTK+2.0的大多数功能奉献给每一位自由软件爱好者和开发者。",
"每一位Linux的支持者都会让我们增加一分信心，Linux最终仍是台式计算机操作系统。",
"计算机软件技术是一种科学技术，它和人类历史上其他的科学技术一样，是允许每一人自由使用的。",
"当前你测试完此程序后，请设法把它附加到你创作的软件当中去，这是你成功的第一步。"
};
static GtkWidget *window; //主窗口
static GtkWidget *frame; //框架
static GtkWidget *pre_button; //上一提示按钮
static GtkWidget *next_button; //下一提示按钮
static GtkWidget *label; //提示信息内容标签
static GtkWidget *title; //框架的标题
gint current_info = 0 ;//当前提示信息计数
GtkWidget* create_title (GtkWidget *data)
{ //创建框架控件的标题
GtkWindow *title;
GtkWidget *hbox;
GtkWidget *image;
GtkWidget *label;
GdkPixmap *pixmap;
GdkBitmap *mask;
pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d(
data->window,&mask,
>K_WIDGET(data)->style->white,
book_open_xpm);
image = gtk_image_new_from_pixmap(pixmap,NULL);
label = gtk_label_new("新的标题");
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,2);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);
return hbox ;
}
GtkWidget* create_button (gchar* stockid,gchar* title)
{ //创建带图像的按钮
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *image;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *hbox;
image = gtk_image_new_from_stock(stockid,GTK_ICON_SIZE_MENU);
label = gtk_label_new(title);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);
button = gtk_button_new();
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),hbox);
return button;
}
void pre_info (GtkButton *button,gpointer data)
{ //上一提示
gint i ;
i = current_info - 1 ;
if(i == -1) return ;
if(i == 0 ) gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,FALSE);
current_info = i ;
gtk_widget_set_sensitive(next_button,TRUE);
gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[current_info]);
}
void next_info (GtkButton *button,gpointer data)
{ //下一提示
gint i ;
i = current_info + 1 ;
if(i == 5) return ;
if(i == 4) gtk_widget_set_sensitive(next_button,FALSE);
current_info = i ;
gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,TRUE);
gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[current_info]);
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *hbox ;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *bbox;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *image;
GtkWidget *title;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"每日提示");
gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);
gtk_widget_realize(window);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,TRUE,TRUE,5);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("l.bmp");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);
frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL);
title = create_title(window);
gtk_frame_set_label_widget(GTK_FRAME(frame),title);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),frame,TRUE,TRUE,5);
label = gtk_label_new(NULL);
gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),info[0]);
gtk_label_set_line_wrap(GTK_LABEL(label),TRUE);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),label);
bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new();
gtk_button_box_set_layout(GTK_BUTTON_BOX(bbox),GTK_BUTTONBOX_END);
gtk_box_set_spacing(GTK_BOX(bbox),5);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),bbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("每次启动时显示");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
pre_button = create_button(GTK_STOCK_GO_BACK,"上一提示");
gtk_widget_set_sensitive(pre_button,FALSE);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(pre_button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(pre_info),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),pre_button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
next_button = create_button(GTK_STOCK_GO_FORWARD,"下一提示");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(next_button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(next_info),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),next_button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 效果：
05.多按钮：一个简单的键盘
#include
/* 我们的回调。
* 传到这个函数的数据被打印到标准输出 */
void callback( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("%s", (char *) data);
}
/* 这个回调退出程序 */
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
return FALSE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *table;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
/* 设置窗口标题 */
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Rong Tao's Keyboard");
/* 为 delete_event 设置一个立即退出 GTK 的处理函数。 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 设置窗口的边框宽度。 */
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 20);
/* 创建一个 2x2 的表 */
table = gtk_table_new (4, 20, TRUE);
/* 将表放进主窗口 */
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), table);
/* 创建第一个按钮 */
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Q");
/* 当这个按钮被点击时,我们调用 "callback" 函数,并将一个指向"button 1"的指针作为它的参数 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "q");
/* 将 button 1 插入表的左上象限(quadrant) */
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 0, 2, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("W");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "w");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 4, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("E");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "e");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 4, 6, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("R");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "r");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 8, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("T");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "t");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 8, 10, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Y");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "y");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 10, 12, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("U");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "u");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 12, 14, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("I");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "i");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 14, 16, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("O");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "o");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 18, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("P");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "p");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 18, 20, 0, 1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("A");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "a");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 1, 3, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("S");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "s");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 3, 5, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("D");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "d");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 5, 7, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("F");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "f");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 7, 9, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("G");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "g");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 9, 11, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("H");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "h");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 11, 13, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("J");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "j");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 13, 15, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("K");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "k");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 15, 17, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("L");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "l");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 17, 19, 1, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("'");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "'");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 0, 2, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Z");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "z");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 4, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("X");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "x");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 4, 6, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("C");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "c");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 8, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("V");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "v");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 8, 10, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("B");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "b");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 10, 12, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("N");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "n");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 12, 14, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("M");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "m");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 14, 16, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label (",");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) ",");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 18, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label (".");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) ".");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 18, 20, 2, 3);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Enter");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) "\n");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 2, 6, 3, 4);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/*********************/
button = gtk_button_new_with_label (" ");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (callback), (gpointer) " ");
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 6, 16, 3, 4);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 创建"Quit"按钮 */
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit");
/* 当这个按钮被点击时,我们调用 "delete_event" 函数接着程序就退出了 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
/* 将退出按钮插入表的下面两个象限 */
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, 16, 19, 3, 4);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (table);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
06.一个简单的画图draw界面
/* 绘图软件 brush.c */
#include
static GtkWidget *window = NULL;
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
static gboolean
scribble_configure_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventConfigure *event,gpointer data)
{
if (pixmap)
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (pixmap));
pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new (widget->window,
widget->allocation.width,
widget->allocation.height,-1);
gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc,
TRUE,0,0,widget->allocation.width,
widget->allocation.height);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_expose_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{
gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,
widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],
pixmap,
event->area.x, event->area.y,
event->area.x, event->area.y,
event->area.width, event->area.height);
return FALSE;
}
static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y)
{
GdkRectangle update_rect;
update_rect.x = x - 3;
update_rect.y = y - 3;
update_rect.width = 6;
update_rect.height = 6;
gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,
widget->style->black_gc,
TRUE,
update_rect.x, update_rect.y,
update_rect.width, update_rect.height);
gdk_window_invalidate_rect (widget->window,
&update_rect,
FALSE);
}
static gboolean scribble_button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventButton *event,gpointer data)
{
if (pixmap == NULL)
return FALSE;
if (event->button == 1)
draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventMotion *event,gpointer data)
{
int x, y;
GdkModifierType state;
if (pixmap == NULL)
return FALSE;
gdk_window_get_pointer (event->window, &x, &y, &state);
if (state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK)
draw_brush (widget, x, y);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean checkerboard_expose (GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{
gint i, j, xcount, ycount;
GdkGC *gc1, *gc2;
GdkColor color;
#define CHECK_SIZE 10
#define SPACING 2
gc1 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);
color.red = 30000;
color.green = 0;
color.blue = 30000;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc1, &color);
gc2 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);
color.red = 65535;
color.green = 65535;
color.blue = 65535;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc2, &color);
xcount = 0;
i = SPACING;
while (i < da->allocation.width)
{
j = SPACING;
ycount = xcount % 2;
while (j < da->allocation.height)
{
GdkGC *gc;
if (ycount % 2)
gc = gc1;
else
gc = gc2;
gdk_draw_rectangle (da->window, gc, TRUE,
i, j, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE);
j += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;
++ycount;
}
i += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;
++xcount;
}
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc1));
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc2));
return TRUE;
}
int main (int argc,char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *frame;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *da;
GtkWidget *label;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "绘图软件");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 8);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
label = gtk_label_new (NULL);
gtk_label_set_markup (GTK_LABEL (label),"绘图区域");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL);
gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
da = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, 100, 100);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da);
g_signal_connect (da, "expose_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_expose_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (da, "configure_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_configure_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (da, "motion_notify_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_motion_notify_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (da, "button_press_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_button_press_event), NULL);
gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da)
| GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK
| GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK
| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK
| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
07.带图片的按钮
/* 带图像的按钮 button.c */
#include
void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget* button,gpointer data)
{
//g_print("按钮 %s ",(gchar*)data);
g_print("Button %s is pressed.\n",(gchar*)data);
//g_print("被按了一下． \n");
}
//创建自己按钮的函数
GtkWidget* create_button1 (void)
{
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* image;
GtkWidget* label;
GtkWidget* button;
char* title = "文件家";
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("dir2.jpg");
label = gtk_label_new(title);
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,2);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),5);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_widget_show(image);
gtk_widget_show(label);
button = gtk_button_new();
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box);
gtk_widget_show(box);
return button ;
}
GtkWidget* create_button2 (void)
{
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* image;
GtkWidget* label;
GtkWidget* button;
char* title = "蝙蝠侠";
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("batman.jpg");
label = gtk_label_new(title);
box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,2);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),5);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),image,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_widget_show(image);
gtk_widget_show(label);
button = gtk_button_new();
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),box);
gtk_widget_show(box);
return button ;
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* button1;
GtkWidget* button2;
GtkWidget* button3;
GtkWidget* button4;
gchar* title = "带图像和快捷键的按钮";
gchar* b1 = "Red apple";//"红苹果"
gchar* b2 = "Small mushroom";//"小蘑菇"
gchar* b3 = "Short key";//"快捷键"
gchar* b4 = "OK";//"确认"
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
button1 = create_button1();
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button2 = create_button2();
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button2),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b2);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button3 = gtk_button_new_with_mnemonic("快捷键(_H)");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button3),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button4 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button4),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)b4);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE ;
} 
08.多选按钮check button
/* 多项选择窗口 checkbutton.c */
#include
gboolean isbold = FALSE ;
gboolean isitli = FALSE ;
gboolean isuline = FALSE ;
gboolean iscolor = FALSE ;
void on_check_clicked (GtkWidget* check,gint data)
{
switch((int)data)
{
case 1:
isbold = !isbold;
break;
case 2:
isitli = !isitli;
break;
case 3:
isuline = !isuline;
break;
case 4:
iscolor = !iscolor;
break;
}
}
void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget *button,gpointer data)
{
g_print("字体配置为：");
if(isbold)
g_print("粗体 ");
if(isitli)
g_print("斜体 ");
if(isuline)
g_print("下划线 ");
if(iscolor)
g_print("彩色 ");
if( !isbold && !iscolor && !isuline && !isitli )
g_print("正常，无任何选项");
g_print("\n");
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* frame;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* button;
GtkWidget* box1;
GtkWidget* check1;
GtkWidget* check2;
GtkWidget* check3;
GtkWidget* check4;
char* title = "多项选择窗口";
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
frame = gtk_frame_new("字体选项：");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
box1 = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box1);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box1),10);
gtk_widget_show(box);
check1 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 粗体 ");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check1),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check1,FALSE,FALSE,3);
check2 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 斜体 ");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check2),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)2);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check2,FALSE,FALSE,3);
check3 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 下划线 ");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check3),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check3,FALSE,FALSE,3);
check4 = gtk_check_button_new_with_label(" 彩色 ");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(check4),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_check_clicked),(gpointer)4);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),check4,FALSE,FALSE,3);
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL);
g_signal_connect_swapped(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_widget_destroy),window);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE ;
}
09.单选按钮radio button
这里给出两个例子
#include
#include
gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
return FALSE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window = NULL;
GtkWidget *box1;
GtkWidget *box2;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *separator;
GSList *group;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (close_application), NULL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "radio buttons");
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0);
box1 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1);
gtk_widget_show (box1);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label (NULL, "Leonvel");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (button);
group = gtk_radio_button_get_group (GTK_RADIO_BUTTON (button));
button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label (group, "Rong");
gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (button), TRUE);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (button);
button = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label_from_widget (GTK_RADIO_BUTTON (button),
"Tao");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (button);
separator = gtk_hseparator_new ();
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), separator, FALSE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (separator);
box2 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, FALSE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close");
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (close_application), window);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
gtk_widget_grab_default (button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
第二个例子
/* 单项选择窗口 radiobutton.c */
#include
static gchar* red = " 红色 " ;
static gchar* green = " 绿色 " ;
static gchar* yellow = " 黄色 " ;
static gchar* blue = " 蓝色 " ;
void on_radio_clicked (GtkWidget* radio,gint data)
{
g_print("你选择的颜色是：");
switch((int)data)
{
case 1:
g_print("%s",red); break;
case 2:
g_print("%s",green); break;
case 3:
g_print("%s",yellow); break;
case 4:
g_print("%s",blue); break;
}
g_print("\n");
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* frame;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* box1;
GtkWidget* button1;
GtkWidget* radio1;
GtkWidget* radio2;
GtkWidget* radio3;
GtkWidget* radio4;
GSList* group;
gchar* title = "单项选择窗口" ;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
frame = gtk_frame_new("请选择一种颜色：");
gtk_frame_set_shadow_type(GTK_FRAME(frame),GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
box1 = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,10);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box1),10);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box1);
radio1 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(NULL,red);//红色
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio1),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio1,FALSE,FALSE,5);
//创建多选按钮组
group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio1));
radio2 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,green);//绿色
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio2),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)2);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio2,FALSE,FALSE,5);
group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio2));
radio3 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,yellow);//黄色
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio3),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio3,FALSE,FALSE,5);
group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio3));
radio4 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(group,blue);//蓝色
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(radio4),"released",
G_CALLBACK(on_radio_clicked),(gpointer)4);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),radio4,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button1 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_OK);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE ;
}
10.控制条scrollbar
#include
GtkWidget *hscale, *vscale;
void cb_pos_menu_select( GtkWidget *item, GtkPositionType pos )
{
/* 设置两个比例构件的比例值的显示位置 */
gtk_scale_set_value_pos (GTK_SCALE (hscale), pos);
gtk_scale_set_value_pos (GTK_SCALE (vscale), pos);
}
void cb_update_menu_select( GtkWidget *item, GtkUpdateType policy )
{
/* 设置两个比例构件的更新方式 */
gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (hscale), policy);
gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (vscale), policy);
}
void cb_digits_scale( GtkAdjustment *adj )
{
/* 设置 adj->value 圆整的小数位数 */
gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (hscale), (gint) adj->value);
gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (vscale), (gint) adj->value);
}
void cb_page_size( GtkAdjustment *get, GtkAdjustment *set )
{
/* 将示例调整对象的 page size 和 page increment size 设置
* 为"Page Size"比例构件指定的值 */
set->page_size = get->value;
set->page_increment = get->value;
/* 设置调整对象的值并使它引发一个 "changed" 信号,以重新配置所有
* 已经连接到这个调整对象的构件。 */
gtk_adjustment_set_value (set, CLAMP (set->value,
set->lower, (set->upper - set->page_size)));
}
void cb_draw_value( GtkToggleButton *button )
{
/* 根据复选按钮的状态设置在比例构件上是否显示比例值 */
gtk_scale_set_draw_value (GTK_SCALE (hscale), button->active);
gtk_scale_set_draw_value (GTK_SCALE (vscale), button->active);
}
/* 方便的函数 */
GtkWidget *make_menu_item (gchar *name, GCallback callback, gpointer data)
{
GtkWidget *item;
item = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (name);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (item), "activate", callback, data);
gtk_widget_show (item);
return item;
}
void scale_set_default_values( GtkScale *scale )
{
gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (scale),
GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS);
gtk_scale_set_digits (scale, 1);
gtk_scale_set_value_pos (scale, GTK_POS_TOP);
gtk_scale_set_draw_value (scale, TRUE);
}
/* 创建示例窗口 */
void create_range_controls( void )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *box1, *box2, *box3;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *scrollbar;
GtkWidget *separator;
GtkWidget *opt, *menu, *item;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *scale;
GtkObject *adj1, *adj2;
/* 标准的创建窗口代码 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "RT's range controls");
box1 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box1);
gtk_widget_show (box1);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
/* value, lower, upper, step_increment, page_increment, page_size */
/* 注意,page_size 值只对滚动条构件有区别,并且,你实际上能取得的最高值
* 是(upper - page_size)。 */
adj1 = gtk_adjustment_new (0.0, 0.0, 101.0, 0.1, 1.0, 1.0);
vscale = gtk_vscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1));
scale_set_default_values (GTK_SCALE (vscale));
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), vscale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (vscale);
box3 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), box3, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box3);
/* 重新使用同一个调整对象 */
hscale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1));
gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (hscale), 200, -1);
scale_set_default_values (GTK_SCALE (hscale));
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box3), hscale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (hscale);
/* 再次重用同一个调整对象 */
scrollbar = gtk_hscrollbar_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj1));
/* 注意,这导致当滚动条移动时,比例构件总是连续更新 */
gtk_range_set_update_policy (GTK_RANGE (scrollbar),
GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box3), scrollbar, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (scrollbar);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
/* 用一个复选按钮控制是否显示比例构件的值 */
button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("Display value on scale widgets");
gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (button), TRUE);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "toggled",
G_CALLBACK (cb_draw_value), NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (button);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 用一个选项菜单以改变显示值的位置 */
label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Value Position:");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (label);
opt = gtk_option_menu_new ();
menu = gtk_menu_new ();
item = make_menu_item ("Top", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_TOP));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
item = make_menu_item ("Bottom", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_BOTTOM));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
item = make_menu_item ("Left", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_LEFT));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
item = make_menu_item ("Right", G_CALLBACK (cb_pos_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_POS_RIGHT));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
gtk_option_menu_set_menu (GTK_OPTION_MENU (opt), menu);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), opt, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (opt);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 另一个选项菜单,这里是用于设置比例构件的更新方式 */
label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Update Policy:");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (label);
opt = gtk_option_menu_new ();
menu = gtk_menu_new ();
item = make_menu_item ("Continuous", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_CONTINUOUS));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
item = make_menu_item ("Discontinuous", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_DISCONTINUOUS));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
item = make_menu_item ("Delayed", G_CALLBACK (cb_update_menu_select),
GINT_TO_POINTER (GTK_UPDATE_DELAYED));
gtk_menu_shell_append (GTK_MENU_SHELL (menu), item);
gtk_option_menu_set_menu (GTK_OPTION_MENU (opt), menu);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), opt, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (opt);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 一个水平比例构件,用于调整示例比例构件的显示小数位数。 */
label = gtk_label_new ("Scale Digits:");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (label);
adj2 = gtk_adjustment_new (1.0, 0.0, 5.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (adj2), "value_changed",
G_CALLBACK (cb_digits_scale), NULL);
scale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj2));
gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (scale), 0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), scale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (scale);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
box2 = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
/* 以及,最后一个水平比例构件用于调整滚动条的 page size。 */
label = gtk_label_new ("Scrollbar Page Size:");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (label);
adj2 = gtk_adjustment_new (1.0, 1.0, 101.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (adj2), "value_changed",
G_CALLBACK (cb_page_size), adj1);
scale = gtk_hscale_new (GTK_ADJUSTMENT (adj2));
gtk_scale_set_digits (GTK_SCALE (scale), 0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), scale, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (scale);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
separator = gtk_hseparator_new ();
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), separator, FALSE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (separator);
box2 = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 10);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box2), 10);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box1), box2, FALSE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (box2);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit");
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box2), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
gtk_widget_grab_default (button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
create_range_controls ();
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
11.箭头按钮create_arrow_button
#include
/* 用指定的参数创建一个箭头构件并将它组装到按钮中 */
GtkWidget *create_arrow_button( GtkArrowType arrow_type, GtkShadowType shadow_type )
{
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *arrow;
button = gtk_button_new ();
arrow = gtk_arrow_new (arrow_type, shadow_type);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), arrow);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (arrow);
return button;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *box;
/* 初始化 */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Arrow Buttons");
/* 对所有的窗口都这样做是一个好主意 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
/* 设置窗口的边框的宽度 */
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 建一个组装盒以容纳箭头/按钮 */
box = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 2);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box);
/* 组装、显示所有的构件 */
gtk_widget_show (box);
button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_UP, GTK_SHADOW_IN);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);
button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_DOWN, GTK_SHADOW_OUT);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);
button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_LEFT, GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_IN);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);
button = create_arrow_button (GTK_ARROW_RIGHT, GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), button, FALSE, FALSE, 3);
gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 进入主循环,等待用户的动作 */
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
12.标签label
#include
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
static GtkWidget *window = NULL;
GtkWidget *hbox;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *frame;
GtkWidget *label;
/* 初始化 */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Label");
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 5);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), hbox);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 5);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Normal Label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Normal label");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Multi-line Label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Multi-line label.\nSecond line\n" \
"Third line");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Left Justified Label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Left-Justified\n" \
"Multi-line label.\nThird line");
gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Right Justified Label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Right-Justified\nMulti-line label.\n" \
"Fourth line, (j/k)");
gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Line wrapped label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped label. It " \
/* 用一段较长的空白字符来测试空白的自动排列 */
"should not be taking up the entire" \
"width allocated to it, but automatically " \
"wraps the words to fit. " \
"The time has come, for all good men, to come to " \
"the aid of their party. " \
"The sixth sheik's six sheep's sick.\n" \
"It supports multiple paragraphs correctly, " \
"and correctly adds "\
"many extra spaces. ");
gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Filled, wrapped label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped, filled label. " \
"It should be taking "\
"up the entire width allocated to it. " \
"Here is a sentence to prove "\
"my point. Here is another sentence. "\
"Here comes the sun, do de do de do.\n"\
" This is a new paragraph.\n"\
" This is another newer, longer, better " \
"paragraph. It is coming to an end, "\
"unfortunately.");
gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL);
gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new ("Underlined label");
label = gtk_label_new ("This label is underlined!\n"
"This one is underlined in quite a funky fashion");
gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT);
gtk_label_set_pattern (GTK_LABEL (label),
"_________________________ _ _________ _ ________ _______ ___");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
12.子窗口：触发事件打开窗口
#include
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("delete event occurred\n");
/* 改 TRUE 为 FALSE 程序会关闭。*/
return FALSE;
}
/* 另一个回调函数 */
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("Hello World\n");
}
void New_window( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello world !");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (hello), "1");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data );
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Open hello world");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (New_window), "1");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 13.进度条progressbar
#include
typedef struct _ProgressData {
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *pbar;
int timer;
gboolean activity_mode;
} ProgressData;
/* 更新进度条,这样就能够看到进度条的移动 */
gint progress_timeout( gpointer data )
{
ProgressData *pdata = (ProgressData *)data;
gdouble new_val;
if (pdata->activity_mode)
{
gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar));
} else {
/* 使用在调整对象中设置的取值范围计算进度条的值 */
new_val = gtk_progress_bar_get_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar)) + 0.01;
if (new_val > 1.0)
new_val = 0.0;
/* 设置进度条的新值 */
gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), new_val);
}
/* 这是一个 timeout 函数,返回 TRUE,这样它就能够继续被调用 */
return TRUE;
}
/* 回调函数,切换在进度条你的滑槽上的文本显示 */
void toggle_show_text( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata )
{
const gchar *text;
text = gtk_progress_bar_get_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar));
if (text && *text)
gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), "");
else
gtk_progress_bar_set_text (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), "some text");
}
/* 回调函数,切换进度条的活动模式 */
void toggle_activity_mode( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata )
{
pdata->activity_mode = !pdata->activity_mode;
if (pdata->activity_mode)
gtk_progress_bar_pulse (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar));
else
gtk_progress_bar_set_fraction (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar), 0.0);
}
/* 回调函数,切换进度条的移动方向 */
void toggle_orientation( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata )
{
switch (gtk_progress_bar_get_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar))) {
case GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT:
gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar),
GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT);
break;
case GTK_PROGRESS_RIGHT_TO_LEFT:
gtk_progress_bar_set_orientation (GTK_PROGRESS_BAR (pdata->pbar),
GTK_PROGRESS_LEFT_TO_RIGHT);
break;
default:; // 什么也不做
}
}
/* 清除分配的内存,删除定时器(timer) */
void destroy_progress( GtkWidget *widget, ProgressData *pdata)
{
gtk_timeout_remove (pdata->timer);
pdata->timer = 0;
pdata->window = NULL;
g_free (pdata);
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[])
{
ProgressData *pdata;
GtkWidget *align;
GtkWidget *separator;
GtkWidget *table;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *check;
GtkWidget *vbox;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 为传递到回调函数中的数据分配内存 */
pdata = g_malloc (sizeof (ProgressData));
pdata->window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_resizable (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), TRUE);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (pdata->window), "destroy",
G_CALLBACK (destroy_progress), pdata);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (pdata->window), "GtkProgressBar");
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), 10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (pdata->window), vbox);
gtk_widget_show (vbox);
/* 创建一个居中对齐的对象 */
align = gtk_alignment_new (0.5, 0.5, 0, 0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), align, FALSE, FALSE, 5);
gtk_widget_show (align);
/* 创建进度条 */
pdata->pbar = gtk_progress_bar_new ();
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (align), pdata->pbar);
gtk_widget_show (pdata->pbar);
/* 加一个定时器(timer),以更新进度条的值 */
pdata->timer = gtk_timeout_add (200, progress_timeout, pdata);
separator = gtk_hseparator_new ();
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), separator, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (separator);
/* 行数、列数、同质性(homogeneous) */
table = gtk_table_new (3, 2, FALSE);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), table, FALSE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (table);
/* 添加一个复选按钮,以选择是否显示在滑槽里的文本 */
check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Show text");
gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 0, 1,
GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_show_text), pdata);
gtk_widget_show (check);
/* 添加一个复选按钮,切换活动状态 */
check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Activity mode");
gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 1, 2,
GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (toggle_activity_mode), pdata);
gtk_widget_show (check);
/* 添加一个复选按钮,切换移动方向 */
check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Right to Left");
gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), check, 0, 1, 2, 3,
GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND | GTK_FILL, 5, 5);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (toggle_orientation), pdata);
gtk_widget_show (check);
/* 添加一个按钮,用来退出应用程序 */
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close");
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), pdata->window);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
/* 将按钮设置为能缺省的构件 */
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
/* 将缺省焦点设置到这个按钮上,使之成为缺省按钮,只要按回车键
* 就相当于点击了这个按钮 */
//译者注: 能缺省的构件在获取焦点后成为缺省构件,用户按方向键等可以切换焦点。
gtk_widget_grab_default (button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (pdata->window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
14.窗口标尺gtk_hruler_new
#include
#define EVENT_METHOD(i, x) GTK_WIDGET_GET_CLASS(i)->x
#define XSIZE 600
#define YSIZE 400
/* 当点击"close"按钮时,退出应用程序 */
gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
return FALSE;
}
/* 主函数 */
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window, *table, *area, *hrule, *vrule;
/* 初始化,创建主窗口 */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (close_application), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个组装表,绘图区和标尺放在里面 */
table = gtk_table_new (3, 2, FALSE);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), table);
area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (area), XSIZE, YSIZE);
gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), area, 1, 2, 1, 2,
GTK_EXPAND|GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 0, 0);
gtk_widget_set_events (area, GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK);
/* 水平标尺放在顶部。鼠标移动穿过绘图区时,一个
* motion_notify_event 被传递给标尺的相应的事件处理函数 */
hrule = gtk_hruler_new ();
gtk_ruler_set_metric (GTK_RULER (hrule), GTK_PIXELS);
gtk_ruler_set_range (GTK_RULER (hrule), 0, 50, 0, 20);
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (area), "motion_notify_event",
G_CALLBACK (EVENT_METHOD (hrule, motion_notify_event)), hrule);
gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), hrule, 1, 2, 0, 1,
GTK_EXPAND|GTK_SHRINK|GTK_FILL, GTK_FILL, 0, 0);
/* 垂直标尺放在左边。当鼠标移动穿过绘图区时,一个
* motion_notify_event 被传递到标尺相应的事件处理函数中 */
vrule = gtk_vruler_new ();
gtk_ruler_set_metric (GTK_RULER (vrule), GTK_PIXELS);
gtk_ruler_set_range (GTK_RULER (vrule), 0, YSIZE, 10, YSIZE );
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (area), "motion_notify_event",
G_CALLBACK (EVENT_METHOD (vrule, motion_notify_event)), vrule);
gtk_table_attach (GTK_TABLE (table), vrule, 0, 1, 1, 2,
GTK_FILL, GTK_EXPAND|GTK_SHRINK|GTK_FILL, 0, 0);
/* 现在显示所有的构件 */
gtk_widget_show (area);
gtk_widget_show (hrule);
gtk_widget_show (vrule);
gtk_widget_show (table);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
15.状态栏（条）gtk_statusbar_new
#include
#include
#include
GtkWidget *status_bar;
void push_item( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
static int count = 1;
char buff[20];
g_snprintf (buff, 20, "Item %d", count++);
gtk_statusbar_push (GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), GPOINTER_TO_INT (data), buff);
return;
}
void pop_item( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
gtk_statusbar_pop (GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), GPOINTER_TO_INT (data));
return;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *button;
gint context_id;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 200, 100);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GTK Statusbar Example");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 1);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
gtk_widget_show (vbox);
status_bar = gtk_statusbar_new ();
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), status_bar, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (status_bar);
context_id = gtk_statusbar_get_context_id( GTK_STATUSBAR (status_bar), "Statusbar example");
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("push item");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (push_item), GINT_TO_POINTER (context_id));
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("pop last item");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (pop_item), GINT_TO_POINTER (context_id));
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 2);
gtk_widget_show (button);
/* 将窗口最后显示,让整个窗口一次性出现在屏幕上. */
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
}
另一个例子
/* 状态栏 status.c */
#include
static GtkWidget *statusbar;
gint i = 0 ;
void on_push_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{
char message[1024];
i++ ;
sprintf(message,"这是输入的第 %d 条消息．",i);
gtk_statusbar_push(GTK_STATUSBAR(statusbar),i,message);
}
void on_pop_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{
if (i<0) return ;
gtk_statusbar_pop(GTK_STATUSBAR(statusbar),i);
i--;
}
void on_popped (GtkStatusbar* statusbar,guint id,const gchar*
text)
{
if(!statusbar->messages)
i = 0;
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox,*hbox;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"状态栏");
// gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
statusbar = gtk_statusbar_new();
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(statusbar),"text-popped",
G_CALLBACK(on_popped),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),statusbar,FALSE,FALSE,5);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("推入");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_push_clicked),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,TRUE,TRUE,5);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("弹出");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_pop_clicked),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,TRUE,TRUE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
}
16.文本输入gtk_entry_new：可见/不可见，可输入/不可输入
#include
#include
#include
void enter_callback( GtkWidget *widget, GtkWidget *entry )
{
const gchar *entry_text;
entry_text = gtk_entry_get_text (GTK_ENTRY (entry));
printf("Entry contents: %s\n", entry_text);
}
void entry_toggle_editable( GtkWidget *checkbutton, GtkWidget *entry )
{
gtk_editable_set_editable (GTK_EDITABLE (entry),
GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (checkbutton)->active);
}
void entry_toggle_visibility( GtkWidget *checkbutton, GtkWidget *entry )
{
gtk_entry_set_visibility (GTK_ENTRY (entry),
GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (checkbutton)->active);
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox, *hbox;
GtkWidget *entry;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *check;
gint tmp_pos;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 200, 100);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GTK Entry");
//g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",
// G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
gtk_widget_show (vbox);
entry = gtk_entry_new ();
gtk_entry_set_max_length (GTK_ENTRY (entry), 50);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (entry), "activate", G_CALLBACK (enter_callback), entry);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (entry), "hello");
tmp_pos = GTK_ENTRY (entry)->text_length;
gtk_editable_insert_text (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), " world", -1, &tmp_pos);
gtk_editable_select_region (GTK_EDITABLE (entry), 0, GTK_ENTRY (entry)->text_length);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), entry, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (entry);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), hbox);
gtk_widget_show (hbox);
check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Editable");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), check, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "toggled",
G_CALLBACK (entry_toggle_editable), entry);
gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (check), TRUE);
gtk_widget_show (check);
check = gtk_check_button_new_with_label ("Visible");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), check, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (check), "toggled",
G_CALLBACK (entry_toggle_visibility), entry);
gtk_toggle_button_set_active (GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON (check), TRUE);
gtk_widget_show (check);
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CLOSE);
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
gtk_widget_grab_default (button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
} 
规定最大长度的gtk_entry_new_with_max_length
#include
#include
#include
#include
GtkWidget *_nx, *_nz, *_dx, *_dz, *_npd, *_mm;
GtkWidget *_vel, *_epsilu, *_deta, *_shot, *_snap;
GtkWidget *_favg, *_fs, *_ds, *_ns, *_zs;
gint nx, nz, npd, mm, fs, ds, ns, zs;
gfloat dx, dz, favg;
void debug(GtkWidget *window,gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
}
void write_txt(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer data)
{
const char*str_nx=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_nx));
const char*str_nz=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_nz));
const char*str_dx=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_dx));
const char*str_dz=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_dz));
const char*str_npd=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_npd));
const char*str_mm=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_mm));
const char*str_vel=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_vel));
const char*str_epsilu=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_epsilu));
const char*str_deta=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_deta));
const char*str_favg=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_favg));
const char*str_fs=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_fs));
const char*str_ns=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_ns));
const char*str_ds=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_ds));
const char*str_zs=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_zs));
const char*str_shot=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_shot));
const char*str_snap=gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY((GtkWidget *)_snap));
nx=strtod(str_nx,NULL);
nz=strtod(str_nz,NULL);
dx=strtod(str_dx,NULL);
dz=strtod(str_dz,NULL);
npd=strtod(str_npd,NULL);
mm=strtod(str_mm,NULL);
favg=strtod(str_favg,NULL);
fs=strtod(str_fs,NULL);
ns=strtod(str_ns,NULL);
ds=strtod(str_ds,NULL);
zs=strtod(str_zs,NULL);
}
int main(int argc,char* argv[]){
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *table;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"RT's VTI model");
gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
//gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),400,400);
g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(debug),NULL);
table=gtk_table_new(13,6,FALSE);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),table);
label=gtk_label_new("Model parameter:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,0,1);
/*** nx ***/
label=gtk_label_new("nx=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,1,2);
_nx=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_nx), "100");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_nx,1,2,1,2);
/*** dx ***/
label=gtk_label_new("dx=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,1,2);
_dx=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_dx), "5");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_dx,3,4,1,2);
/*** npd ***/
label=gtk_label_new("npd=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,1,2);
_npd=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_npd), "20");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_npd,5,6,1,2);
/*** nz ***/
label=gtk_label_new("nz=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,2,3);
_nz=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_nz), "100");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_nz,1,2,2,3);
/*** dz ***/
label=gtk_label_new("dz=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,2,3);
_dz=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_dz), "5");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_dz,3,4,2,3);
/*** mm ***/
label=gtk_label_new("mm=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,2,3);
_mm=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_mm), "4");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_mm,5,6,2,3);
label=gtk_label_new("Input Filename:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,3,4);
/*** vel ***/
label=gtk_label_new("vel:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,4,5);
_vel=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_vel), "vel.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_vel,1,4,4,5);
/*** epsilu ***/
label=gtk_label_new("epsilu:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,5,6);
_epsilu=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_epsilu), "epsilu.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_epsilu,1,4,5,6);
/*** deta ***/
label=gtk_label_new("deta:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,6,7);
_deta=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_deta), "deta.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_deta,1,4,6,7);
label=gtk_label_new("ShotParas:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,7,8);
/*** ns ***/
label=gtk_label_new("ns=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,8,9);
_ns=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_ns), "1");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_ns,1,2,8,9);
/*** favg ***/
label=gtk_label_new("favg=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,8,9);
_favg=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_favg), "20");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_favg,3,4,8,9);
/*** fs ***/
label=gtk_label_new("fs=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,9,10);
_fs=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_fs), "1");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_fs,1,2,9,10);
/*** ds ***/
label=gtk_label_new("ds=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,2,3,9,10);
_ds=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_ds), "0");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_ds,3,4,9,10);
/*** zs ***/
label=gtk_label_new("zs=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,4,5,9,10);
_zs=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_zs), "1");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_zs,5,6,9,10);
label=gtk_label_new("Output Filename:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,1,2,10,11);
/*** shot ***/
label=gtk_label_new("shot=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,11,12);
_shot=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_shot), "shot.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_shot,1,4,11,12);
/*** snap ***/
label=gtk_label_new("snap=");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,12,13);
_snap=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(10);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_snap), "snap.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_snap,1,4,12,13);
label=gtk_label_new("Please ensure all parameters input accuratlly !");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,10,13,14);
/*** run button ***/
button=gtk_button_new_with_label("RUN");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(write_txt),NULL);
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,5,6,12,13);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
} 输入文本执行一条命令
/* 命令工具 command.c */
#include
static GtkWidget *entry;
void on_button_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{
const gchar* command;
command = gtk_entry_get_text(GTK_ENTRY(entry));
system(command);
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *hbox;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"命令窗口");
//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),hbox);
label = gtk_label_new("输入命令：");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);
entry = gtk_entry_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),entry,TRUE,TRUE,5);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("执行");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
17.文件选择：gtk_file_selection_new
#include
/* 获得文件名,并将它打印到控制台(console)上 */
void file_ok_sel( GtkWidget *w, GtkFileSelection *fs )
{
g_print ("Filename:%s\n", gtk_file_selection_get_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (fs)));
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *filew;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新的文件选择构件 */
filew = gtk_file_selection_new ("File selection");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (filew), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
/* 为 ok_button 按钮设置回调函数,连接到 file_ok_sel function 函数 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (filew)->ok_button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (file_ok_sel), filew);
/* 为 cancel_button 设置回调函数,销毁构件 */
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (filew)->cancel_button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), filew);
/* 设置文件名,比如这个一个文件保存对话框,我们给了一个缺省文件名 */
gtk_file_selection_set_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION(filew), "penguin.png");
gtk_widget_show (filew);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
给另一个例子，选择一个VTI介质模型参数
#include
#include
GtkWidget *file,*_vel,*_deta,*_epsilu;
void file_OK( GtkWidget *w, gpointer *data )
{
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (data),
gtk_file_selection_get_filename (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)));
gtk_widget_destroy (file);
}
void select_file(GtkWidget *w,gpointer *data)
{
file= gtk_file_selection_new ("File selection");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)->ok_button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (file_OK), data);
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (GTK_FILE_SELECTION (file)->cancel_button), "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), NULL);
gtk_widget_show (file);
}
/* 创建一个新的横向盒,它包含一个图像和一个标签,并返回这个盒。*/
GtkWidget *xpm_label_box( gchar *xpm_filename, gchar *label_text )
{
GtkWidget *box;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *image;
/* 为图像和标签创建盒 */
box = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (box), 10);
/* 创建一个图像 */
image = gtk_image_new_from_file (xpm_filename);
/* 为按钮创建一个标签 */
label = gtk_label_new (label_text);
/* 把图像和标签组装到盒子里 */
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), image, TRUE, TRUE, 3);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (box), label, TRUE, TRUE, 3);
gtk_widget_show (image);
gtk_widget_show (label);
return box;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *table;
GtkWidget *box;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"RT's VTI model");
gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
table=gtk_table_new(3,8,TRUE);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),table);
label=gtk_label_new("Input Filename:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,2,0,1);
/******************* vel *******************/
label=gtk_label_new("vel:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,1,2);
_vel=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_vel), "vel.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_vel,1,7,1,2);
button=gtk_button_new();
box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_vel);
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,1,2);
/******************* epsilu *******************/
label=gtk_label_new("epsilu:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,2,3);
_epsilu=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_epsilu), "epsilu.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_epsilu,1,7,2,3);
//button=gtk_button_new_with_label("...");
button=gtk_button_new();
box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_epsilu);
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,2,3);
/******************* deta *******************/
label=gtk_label_new("deta:");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),label,0,1,3,4);
_deta=gtk_entry_new_with_max_length(100);
gtk_entry_set_text (GTK_ENTRY (_deta), "deta.dat");
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),_deta,1,7,3,4);
//button=gtk_button_new_with_label("...");
button=gtk_button_new();
box = xpm_label_box ("pic/dir2.jpg", NULL);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (button), box);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(select_file),_deta);
gtk_table_attach_defaults(GTK_TABLE(table),button,7,8,3,4);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
18.事件盒子gtk_event_box_new
#include
#include
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *event_box;
GtkWidget *label;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Event Box");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个事件盒,然后将它加到顶级窗口上 */
event_box = gtk_event_box_new ();
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), event_box);
gtk_widget_show (event_box);
/* 创建一个长标签 */
label = gtk_label_new ("Click here to quit, quit, quit, quit, quit");
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (event_box), label);
gtk_widget_show (label);
/* 将标签剪裁短。 */
gtk_widget_set_size_request (label, 110, 20);
/* 为它绑定一个动作 */
gtk_widget_set_events (event_box, GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (event_box), "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (exit), NULL);
/* 又是一个要有 X 窗口的东西... */
//译者注: 要设置鼠标式样也要有 X 窗口。gtk_widget_realize 使构件在没有 show 之前就形成 X 窗口。
gtk_widget_realize (event_box);
gdk_window_set_cursor (event_box->window, gdk_cursor_new (GDK_HAND1));
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
19.固定容器：gtk_fixed_new
#include
/* 我准备偷点懒,用一些全局变量储存固定容器里构件的位置。 */
gint x = 50;
gint y = 50;
/* 这个回调函数将按钮移动到固定容器的新位置。 */
void move_button( GtkWidget *widget, GtkWidget *fixed )
{
x = (x + 30) % 300;
y = (y + 50) % 300;
gtk_fixed_move (GTK_FIXED (fixed), widget, x, y);
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *fixed;
GtkWidget *button;
gint i;
/* 初始化 */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Fixed Container");
/* 为窗口的 "destroy" 事件设置一个信号处理函数 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
/* 设置窗口的边框宽度 */
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个固定容器 */
fixed = gtk_fixed_new ();
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), fixed);
gtk_widget_show (fixed);
for (i = 1 ; i <= 3 ; i++) {
/* 创建一个标签为"Press me"的新按钮 */
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Press me");
/* 当按钮接收到 "clicked" 信号时,调用 move_button() 函数,并把这个固定
* 容器作为参数传给它 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (move_button), fixed);
/* 将按钮组装到一个固定容器的窗口中 */
gtk_fixed_put (GTK_FIXED (fixed), button, i*10, i*10);
/* 最后一步是显示新建的构件 */
gtk_widget_show (button);
}
/* 显示窗口 */
gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 进入事件循环 */
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 点击按钮后，按钮位置发生变化，挺好玩的
20.一个简单的frame：gtk_frame_new（不同于java的JFrame）
#include
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
/* GtkWidget 是构件的存储类型 */
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *frame;
/* 初始化 */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新窗口 */
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Frame Example");
/* 在这里我们将 "destroy" 事件连接到一个回调函数 */
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_widget_set_size_request (window, 300, 300);
/* 设置窗口的边框宽度 */
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个框架 */
frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame);
/* 设置框架的标签 */
gtk_frame_set_label (GTK_FRAME (frame), "GTK Frame Widget");
/* 将标签定位在框架的右边 */
gtk_frame_set_label_align (GTK_FRAME (frame), 1.0, 1.0);
/* 设置框架的风格 */
gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);
gtk_widget_show (frame);
/* 显示窗口 */
gtk_widget_show (window);
/* 进入事件循环 */
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
gtk_aspect_frame_new：更多选项的frame
#include
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *aspect_frame;
GtkWidget *drawing_area;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Aspect Frame");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
/* 创建一个比例框架,将它添加到顶级窗口中 */
aspect_frame = gtk_aspect_frame_new ("2x1", /* label */
0.5, /* center x */
0.5, /* center y */
2, /* xsize/ysize = 2 */
FALSE /* ignore child's aspect */);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), aspect_frame);
gtk_widget_show (aspect_frame);
/* 添加一个子构件到比例框架中 */
drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
/* 要求一个 200×200 的窗口,但是比例框架会给出一个 200×100
* 的窗口,因为我们已经指定了 2×1 的比例值 */
gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (aspect_frame), drawing_area);
gtk_widget_show (drawing_area);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
21.滚动窗口：gtk_scrolled_window_new
#include
#include
/* 创建一个"信息"列表 */
GtkWidget *create_list( void )
{
GtkWidget *scrolled_window;
GtkWidget *tree_view;
GtkListStore *model;
GtkTreeIter iter;
GtkCellRenderer *cell;
GtkTreeViewColumn *column;
int i;
/* 创建一个新的滚动窗口(scrolled window),只有需要时,滚动条才出现 */
scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);
gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window),
GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC);
model = gtk_list_store_new (1, G_TYPE_STRING);
tree_view = gtk_tree_view_new ();
gtk_scrolled_window_add_with_viewport (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), tree_view);
gtk_tree_view_set_model (GTK_TREE_VIEW (tree_view), GTK_TREE_MODEL (model));
gtk_widget_show (tree_view);
/* 在窗口中添加一些消息 */
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
gchar *msg = g_strdup_printf ("Message #%d", i);
gtk_list_store_append (GTK_LIST_STORE (model), &iter);
gtk_list_store_set (GTK_LIST_STORE (model),
&iter,
0, msg,
-1);
g_free (msg);
}
cell = gtk_cell_renderer_text_new ();
column = gtk_tree_view_column_new_with_attributes ("Messages", cell, "text", 0, NULL);
gtk_tree_view_append_column (GTK_TREE_VIEW (tree_view),
GTK_TREE_VIEW_COLUMN (column));
return scrolled_window;
}
/* 向文本构件中添加一些文本 - 这是当窗口被实例化(realized)时调用的回调函数。
* 我们也可以用 gtk_widget_realize 强行将窗口实例化,但这必须在它的层次关系
* 确定后(be part of a hierarchy)才行。 */
// 译者注: 构件的层次关系就是其 parent 被确定。将一个子构件加到一个容器中
// 时,其 parent 就是这个容器。层次关系被确定要求,其 parent 的 parent...也
// 确定了。顶级窗口可以不要 parent。只是我的经验理解。
void insert_text (GtkTextBuffer *buffer)
{
GtkTextIter iter;
gtk_text_buffer_get_iter_at_offset (buffer, &iter, 0);
gtk_text_buffer_insert (buffer, &iter,
"From: [email protected]\n"
"To: [email protected]\n"
"Subject: Made it!\n"
"\n"
"We just got in this morning. The weather has been\n"
"great - clear but cold, and there are lots of fun sights.\n"
"Sojourner says hi. See you soon.\n"
" -Path\n", -1);
}
/* 创建一个滚动文本区域,用于显示一个"信息" */
GtkWidget *create_text( void )
{
GtkWidget *scrolled_window;
GtkWidget *view;
GtkTextBuffer *buffer;
view = gtk_text_view_new ();
buffer = gtk_text_view_get_buffer (GTK_TEXT_VIEW (view));
scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);
gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window),
GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (scrolled_window), view);
insert_text (buffer);
gtk_widget_show_all (scrolled_window);
return scrolled_window;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vpaned;
GtkWidget *list;
GtkWidget *text;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Paned Windows");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
gtk_widget_set_size_request (GTK_WIDGET (window), 450, 400);
/* 在顶级窗口上添加一个垂直分栏窗口构件 */
vpaned = gtk_hpaned_new ();
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vpaned);
gtk_widget_show (vpaned);
/* 在分栏窗口的两部分各添加一些构件 */
list = create_list ();
gtk_paned_add1 (GTK_PANED (vpaned), list);
gtk_widget_show (list);
text = create_text ();
gtk_paned_add2 (GTK_PANED (vpaned), text);
gtk_widget_show (text);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
又一个例子：滚动窗口中放按钮
#include
#include
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
static GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *scrolled_window;
GtkWidget *table;
GtkWidget *button;
char buffer[32];
int i, j;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
/* 创建一个新的对话框窗口,滚动窗口就放在这个窗口上 */
window = gtk_dialog_new ();
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "GtkScrolledWindow example");
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0);
gtk_widget_set_size_request (window, 300, 300);
/* 创建一个新的滚动窗口。 */
scrolled_window = gtk_scrolled_window_new (NULL, NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (scrolled_window), 10);
/* 滚动条的出现方式可以是 GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC 或 GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS。
* 设为 GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC 将自动决定是否需要出现滚动条
* 而设为 GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS,将一直显示一个滚动条
* 第一个是设置水平滚动条,第二个是垂直滚动条 */
gtk_scrolled_window_set_policy (GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window),
GTK_POLICY_AUTOMATIC, GTK_POLICY_ALWAYS);
/* 对话框窗口内部包含一个 vbox 构件 */
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (GTK_DIALOG(window)->vbox), scrolled_window, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (scrolled_window);
/* 创建一个包含 10×10 个格子的表格 */
table = gtk_table_new (10, 10, FALSE);
/* 设置 x 和 y 方向的行间间距为 10 像素 */
gtk_table_set_row_spacings (GTK_TABLE (table), 10);
gtk_table_set_col_spacings (GTK_TABLE (table), 10);
/* 将表格组装到滚动窗口中 */
gtk_scrolled_window_add_with_viewport ( GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW (scrolled_window), table);
gtk_widget_show (table);
/* 简单地在表格中添加许多开关按钮以展示滚动窗口 */
for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
for (j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
sprintf (buffer, "button (%d,%d)\n", i, j);
button = gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label (buffer);
gtk_table_attach_defaults (GTK_TABLE (table), button, i, i+1, j, j+1);
gtk_widget_show (button);
}
/* 在对话框的底部添加一个"close"按钮 */
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("close");
g_signal_connect_swapped (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window);
/* 让按钮能被缺省 */
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (button, GTK_CAN_DEFAULT);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (GTK_DIALOG (window)->action_area), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
/* 将按钮固定为缺省按钮,只要按回车键就相当于点击了这个按钮 */
gtk_widget_grab_default (button);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
} 
22.按钮盒子：button box
#include
/* 用指定的参数创建一个按钮盒 */
GtkWidget *create_bbox( gint horizontal, char *title, gint spacing,
gint child_w, gint child_h, gint layout )
{
GtkWidget *frame;
GtkWidget *bbox;
GtkWidget *button;
frame = gtk_frame_new (title);
if (horizontal)
bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new ();
else
bbox = gtk_vbutton_box_new ();
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), 5);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), bbox);
/* 设置按钮盒的外观 */
gtk_button_box_set_layout (GTK_BUTTON_BOX (bbox), layout);
gtk_box_set_spacing (GTK_BOX (bbox), spacing);
/*gtk_button_box_set_child_size (GTK_BUTTON_BOX (bbox), child_w, child_h);*/
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_OK);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button);
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_CANCEL);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button);
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock (GTK_STOCK_HELP);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (bbox), button);
return frame;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
static GtkWidget* window = NULL;
GtkWidget *main_vbox;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *hbox;
GtkWidget *frame_horz;
GtkWidget *frame_vert;
/* 初始化 */
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Button Boxes");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
main_vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), main_vbox);
frame_horz = gtk_frame_new ("Horizontal Button Boxes");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (main_vbox), frame_horz, TRUE, TRUE, 10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 10);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame_horz), vbox);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),
create_bbox (TRUE, "Spread (spacing 40)", 40, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_SPREAD), TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "Edge (spacing 30)", 30, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_EDGE), TRUE, TRUE, 5);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox),
create_bbox (TRUE, "Start (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20, GTK_BUTTONBOX_START), TRUE, TRUE, 5);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), create_bbox (TRUE, "End (spacing 10)", 10, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_END), TRUE, TRUE, 5);
frame_vert = gtk_frame_new ("Vertical Button Boxes");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (main_vbox), frame_vert, TRUE, TRUE, 10);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (hbox), 10);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame_vert), hbox);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Spread (spacing 5)", 5, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_SPREAD), TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Edge (spacing 30)", 30, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_EDGE), TRUE, TRUE, 5);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "Start (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_START), TRUE, TRUE, 5);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), create_bbox (FALSE, "End (spacing 20)", 20, 85, 20,
GTK_BUTTONBOX_END), TRUE, TRUE, 5);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
/* 进入事件循环 */
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
23.在aspect_frame中显示一个图片
#include
#define pixmap GdkPixmap
#define pixbuf GdkPixmap
void hello( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("Hello World\n");//temp(data );
}
gint delete_event( GtkWidget *widget, GdkEvent *event, gpointer data )
{
g_print ("delete event occurred\n");
return FALSE;
}
void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *draw;
GtkWidget *frame;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "delete_event", G_CALLBACK (delete_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
frame = gtk_aspect_frame_new ("image:",0.5, 0.1,1, FALSE);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), frame);
draw = gtk_drawing_area_new();
gtk_widget_set_size_request (draw, 800, 600);
draw = gtk_image_new_from_file("batman.jpg");
// g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (draw), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), draw);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 
显示动态图：直接引用GIF，用多张图片显示动图效果
/* 简单的动画 gif.c */
#include
static GtkWidget *ourgif ;
static gchar *bmpfile[4] = {"l.bmp","r.bmp","u.bmp","d.bmp" };
gint i = 0 ;
void change_bmp ()
{ //依次更改图像实现动态效果
gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(ourgif),bmpfile[i]);
i++ ;
if ( i == 4 ) i = 0 ;
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *hbox;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *image;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"简单的动画");
//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
label = gtk_label_new("直接引用GIF动画");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("a.gif");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);
label = gtk_label_new("四幅静态的图像");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("l.bmp");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("r.bmp");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("u.bmp");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);
image = gtk_image_new_from_file("d.bmp");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),image,FALSE,FALSE,5);
label = gtk_label_new("通过时钟控制的动画");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,5);
ourgif = gtk_image_new_from_file("p1.bmp");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),ourgif,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_timeout_add(150,(GtkFunction)change_bmp,NULL);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
24.画图接口：gdk_draw_arc，gdk_draw_rectangle
#include
static void destroy( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
static gboolean my_expose( GtkWidget *da,
GdkEventExpose *event,
gpointer data )
{
GdkGC *gc1, *gc2, *gc; /*gc1为矩形，gc2为文字*/
GdkColor color;
gc1 = gdk_gc_new( da->window );
color.red = 10000;
color.green = 20000;
color.blue = 30000;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color(gc1, &color );
gc2 = gdk_gc_new( da->window );
color.red = 1;
color.green = 2;
color.blue = 3;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color( gc2, &color );
gc = gc1;
gdk_draw_rectangle( da->window, gc, TRUE,//fill or not
50, 50, 100, 100 ); /*（fx、fz、dx、dz）*/
gc = gc2;
gdk_draw_arc( da->window, gc, TRUE, //fill or not
50, 50, 100, 100, 0, 270 * 64 ); /*（fx、fz、dx、dz、0、arc）*/
PangoLayout *layout = gtk_widget_create_pango_layout( da, "This is a cube \nand a circle." );
PangoFontDescription *fontdesc = pango_font_description_from_string( "Luxi Mono 8" );
pango_layout_set_font_description( layout, fontdesc );
gdk_draw_layout( da->window, gc1, 50, 155, layout );
pango_font_description_free( fontdesc );
g_object_unref( layout );
g_object_unref( G_OBJECT(gc1) );
g_object_unref( G_OBJECT(gc2) );
return TRUE;
}
int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *da; //drawing area
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect( G_OBJECT (window), "destroy",
G_CALLBACK (destroy), NULL );
da = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
/* set a minimum size */
gtk_widget_set_size_request( da, 200, 200 );
gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(window), da );
g_signal_connect( da, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK(my_expose), NULL );
gtk_widget_show_all( window ); //simply show all widgets
gtk_main();
return 0;
} 
25.文本文件编辑gtk_text_view_new
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
GtkWidget *text_view;
GtkTextBuffer *buffer;
GtkTextIter *Iter;
void button_event(GtkWidget *widget,gpointer *data)
{
const gchar *text={"How are you!\n"};
GtkTextIter start,end;
gtk_text_buffer_get_bounds(GTK_TEXT_BUFFER(buffer),&start,&end);
gtk_text_buffer_insert(GTK_TEXT_BUFFER(buffer),&end,text,strlen(text));
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[ ])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
GtkWidget *box;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window=gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,400,300);
g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
box=gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
text_view=gtk_text_view_new();
gtk_widget_set_size_request(text_view,400,250);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),text_view,FALSE,FALSE,0);
buffer=gtk_text_view_get_buffer(GTK_TEXT_VIEW(text_view));
button=gtk_button_new_with_label("sure");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(button_event),NULL);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
}
26.菜单/工具栏：gtk_menu_new
/* 添加菜单 menu.c */
#include
void on_menu_activate (GtkMenuItem* item,gpointer data)
{
//g_print("菜单项 %s 被激活\n",(gchar*)data);
g_print("Menuitem %s is pressed.\n",(gchar*)data);
}
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* menubar;
GtkWidget* menu;
GtkWidget* editmenu;
GtkWidget* helpmenu;
GtkWidget* rootmenu;
GtkWidget* menuitem;
GtkAccelGroup* accel_group ;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,400,300);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"菜单测试程序");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new();
gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window),accel_group);// AccelGroup
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
menu = gtk_menu_new();//文件菜单
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_NEW,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("新建"));
(gpointer)("New"));
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_OPEN,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("打开"));
(gpointer)("Open"));
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_SAVE,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("保存"));
(gpointer)("Save"));
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_SAVE_AS,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("另存为"));
(gpointer)("Save As"));
menuitem = gtk_separator_menu_item_new();
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_QUIT,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("退出"));
(gpointer)("Exit"));
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 ");
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu);
menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 编辑 ");
editmenu = gtk_menu_new();//编辑菜单
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_CUT,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("剪切"));
(gpointer)("Cut"));
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_COPY,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("复制"));
(gpointer)("Copy"));
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_PASTE,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("粘贴"));
(gpointer)("Paste"));
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_FIND,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("查找"));
(gpointer)("Search"));
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),editmenu);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 帮助 ");
helpmenu = gtk_menu_new();
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_HELP,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("帮助"));
(gpointer)("Help"));
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 关于... ");
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_menu_activate),//(gpointer)("关于"));
(gpointer)("About"));
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),helpmenu);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),menubar,FALSE,FALSE,0);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
27.工具栏/条：gtk_toolbar_new
/* 添加工具条 toolbar.c*/
#include
void on_button_clicked (GtkButton* button,gpointer data)
{
g_print("你点击的按钮是 %s \n",(gchar*)data);
}
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* box ;
GtkWidget* toolbar ;
GtkWidget* entry ;
GtkWidget* label ;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_size_request(window,700,100);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"添加工具条");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),box);
toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new();
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_NEW,
"新建一个文件","新建",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("新建"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_OPEN,
"打开一个文件","打开",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("打开"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_SAVE,
"保存当前文件","保存",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("保存"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar));
label = gtk_label_new(" 文件名：");
gtk_toolbar_append_widget(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),label,
"这是一个标签","标签");
entry = gtk_entry_new();
gtk_toolbar_append_widget(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),entry,
"这是一个录入条","录入");
gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar));
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_CUT,
"剪切","剪切",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("剪切"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_COPY,
"复制","复制",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("复制"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_PASTE,
"粘贴","粘贴",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("粘贴"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_append_space(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar));
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_STOCK_QUIT,
"退出","退出",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_button_clicked),
(gpointer)("退出"),-1);
gtk_toolbar_set_style(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS);
gtk_toolbar_set_icon_size(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),
GTK_ICON_SIZE_SMALL_TOOLBAR);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),toolbar,FALSE,FALSE,0);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
28.浮动的工具条的菜单
/* 浮动的工具条和菜单 handle.c */
#include
//创建自己按钮的函数
GtkWidget* create_button (char *filename)
{
GtkWidget* image;
GtkWidget* button;
image = gtk_image_new_from_file(filename) ;
gtk_widget_show(image);
button = gtk_button_new();
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(button),image) ;
return button ;
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* vbox;
GtkWidget* hbox;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* box1;
GtkWidget* handle;
GtkWidget* handle1;
GtkWidget* menubar;
GtkWidget* button1;
GtkWidget* button2;
GtkWidget* button3;
GtkWidget* button4;
GtkWidget* menu;
GtkWidget* menuitem;
GtkWidget* rootmenu;
GtkTooltips* button_tips;
char* title = "浮动的工具条和菜单";
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),title);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),5);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),hbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);
handle = gtk_handle_box_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),handle,FALSE,FALSE,5);
box = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(handle),box);
button1 = create_button("win7.jpg") ;
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,3);
button2 = create_button("dir.jpg");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,3);
button3 = create_button("save.gif");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,3);
button4 = create_button("quit.gif");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,3);
button_tips = gtk_tooltips_new();
gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button1,
"创建一个新文件","New");
gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button2,
"打开文件","Open");
gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button3,
"保存当前编辑的文件","Save");
gtk_tooltips_set_tip(GTK_TOOLTIPS(button_tips),button4,
"退出此程序","Quit");
handle1 = gtk_handle_box_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),handle1,FALSE,FALSE,5);
box1 = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(handle1),box1);
menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box1),menubar,FALSE,FALSE,5);
menu = gtk_menu_new();
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label("菜单项一");
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label("菜单项二");
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 ");
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE ;
} 
29.一个文本编辑器：包含menu，toolbar，statusbar
// A app //
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
/*a 回调函数文件 callbacks.c */
#include
gboolean on_window_delete_event (GtkWidget* widget,
GdkEvent *event,
gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
return FALSE;
}
void on_file_new_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
g_print("the file_new is clicked .\n");
}
void on_file_open_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
}
void on_file_save_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
}
void on_file_saveas_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem, gpointer data)
{
}
void on_file_exit_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_cut_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_copy_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_paste_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_selectall_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_edit_find_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_help_help_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
void on_help_about_activate (GtkMenuItem* menuitem,gpointer data)
{
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
/* 界面代码文件 interface.c */
//#include
//#include "callbacks.h"
GtkWidget* create_menu (GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,GtkWidget *window);
GtkWidget* create_toolbar (GtkWidget* window);
GtkWidget* create_window (void)
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* text;
GtkWidget* scrolledwin;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* statusbar;
GtkWidget* menubar ;
GtkWidget* toolbar ;
GtkAccelGroup* accel_group ;
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"完整的应用程序窗口");
gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),400,300);
accel_group = gtk_accel_group_new();
gtk_window_add_accel_group(GTK_WINDOW(window),accel_group);
box = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), box);
menubar = create_menu(accel_group,window);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),menubar,0,0,0);
toolbar = create_toolbar(window);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),toolbar,0,1,0);
scrolledwin = gtk_scrolled_window_new(NULL,NULL);
text = gtk_text_view_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),scrolledwin,TRUE,TRUE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(scrolledwin),text);
gtk_text_view_set_editable(GTK_TEXT_VIEW(text),TRUE);
statusbar = gtk_statusbar_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),statusbar,FALSE,FALSE,0);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
return window;
}
GtkWidget* create_menu (GtkAccelGroup* accel_group,GtkWidget *window)
{
GtkWidget* menubar;
GtkWidget* menu;
GtkWidget* editmenu;
GtkWidget* helpmenu;
GtkWidget* rootmenu;
GtkWidget* menuitem;
menu = gtk_menu_new();//文件菜单
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_NEW,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_file_new_activate),NULL);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_OPEN,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_file_new_activate),NULL);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_SAVE,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_SAVE_AS,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
menuitem = gtk_separator_menu_item_new();
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_QUIT,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_window_delete_event),NULL);
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 文件 ");
gtk_widget_show(rootmenu);
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),menu);
menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 编辑 ");
editmenu = gtk_menu_new();//编辑菜单
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_CUT,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_edit_cut_activate),NULL);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_COPY,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_edit_copy_activate),NULL);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_PASTE,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_edit_paste_activate),NULL);
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_FIND,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(editmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_edit_find_activate),NULL);
gtk_widget_show(rootmenu);
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),editmenu);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
rootmenu = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 帮助 ");
helpmenu = gtk_menu_new();
menuitem = gtk_image_menu_item_new_from_stock
(GTK_STOCK_HELP,accel_group);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_help_help_activate),NULL);
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label(" 关于 ");
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(helpmenu),menuitem);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(menuitem),"activate",
G_CALLBACK(on_help_about_activate),NULL);
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(rootmenu),helpmenu);
gtk_menu_shell_append(GTK_MENU_SHELL(menubar),rootmenu);
return menubar ;
}
GtkWidget* create_toolbar (GtkWidget* window)
{
GtkWidget* toolbar ;
toolbar = gtk_toolbar_new();
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),
GTK_STOCK_NEW,
"创建一个新文件","新建",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_new_activate),
window,-1);
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),
GTK_STOCK_OPEN,
"打开一个文件","打开",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_open_activate),
toolbar,-1);
gtk_toolbar_insert_stock(GTK_TOOLBAR(toolbar),
GTK_STOCK_SAVE,
"保存当前文件","保存",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_file_save_activate),
toolbar,-1);
return toolbar;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////a
/* 主函数文件 main.c*/
//#include
//#include "callbacks.h"
//#include "interface.h"
int main (int argc , gchar* argv[])
{
GtkWidget * window ;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = create_window();
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(on_window_delete_event),NULL);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
30.模拟90坦克游戏：在frame中移动一个图片，键盘控制走向
/* 坦克游戏 tank.c */
#include
#include
enum _FORWARD { LEFT, UP, RIGHT, DOWN } ;
typedef enum _FORWARD Forward; //定义方向类型
void move (Forward fw);
void key_press (GtkWidget* widget,GdkEventKey *event,gpointer data);
static gchar* tank_file[4] = {"u.bmp","r.bmp","d.bmp","l.bmp"};
static GtkWidget *fixed;
static GtkWidget *tank_image;
gint i = 75 ;
gint j = 75 ;
Forward forward = UP ;//定义方向
void move (Forward fw)
{
switch(fw)
{
case UP :
j = j - 5 ;
if ( j < 0 ) j = 400 ;
gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[0]);
gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);
break;
case DOWN :
j = j + 5;
if ( j > 400 ) j = 0 ;
gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[2]);
gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);
break;
case LEFT :
i = i - 5;
if ( i < 0 ) i = 400 ;
gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[3]);
gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);
break;
case RIGHT :
i = i + 5;
if ( i > 400 ) i = 0 ;
gtk_image_set_from_file(GTK_IMAGE(tank_image),tank_file[1]);
gtk_fixed_move(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);
break;
}
}
void key_press (GtkWidget* widget,GdkEventKey *event,gpointer data)
{
switch(event->keyval)
{
case GDK_Up :
forward = UP;
move(forward);
break;
case GDK_Down :
forward = DOWN;
move(forward);
break;
case GDK_Left :
forward = LEFT;
move(forward);
break;
case GDK_Right :
forward = RIGHT;
move(forward);
break;
}
}
//主函数
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* vbox;
GtkWidget* bbox;
GtkWidget* sep;
GtkWidget* frame;
GtkWidget* button;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"坦克游戏");
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"key_press_event",
G_CALLBACK(key_press),NULL);////keyboard input
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL);
gtk_frame_set_shadow_type(GTK_FRAME(frame),GTK_SHADOW_ETCHED_OUT);
fixed = gtk_fixed_new();
gtk_fixed_set_has_window(GTK_FIXED(fixed),TRUE);
gtk_widget_set_size_request(fixed,400,400);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),fixed);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,TRUE,TRUE,5);
sep = gtk_hseparator_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),sep,FALSE,FALSE,5);
bbox = gtk_hbutton_box_new();
gtk_button_box_set_layout(GTK_BUTTON_BOX(bbox),GTK_BUTTONBOX_END);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),bbox,FALSE,FALSE,5);
button = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_QUIT);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_box_pack_end(GTK_BOX(bbox),button,FALSE,FALSE,5);
tank_image = gtk_image_new_from_file(tank_file[0]);
gtk_fixed_put(GTK_FIXED(fixed),tank_image,i,j);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE ;
} 
31.pixmap：
网址：https://developer.gimp.org/api/2.0/gdk-pixbuf/gdk-pixbuf-creating.html
我暂时没找到一个pixmap的图像，等找到以后在更新
/* 图像的直接引用 pixmap.c */
#include
#include "a.h" //这里买年包含了一个pixmap图像
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *frame;
GtkWidget *image;
GdkPixbuf *pixbuf;
GdkPixbuf *pix1,*pix2,*pix3;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"图像的直接引用");
gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
pixbuf = gdk_pixbuf_new_from_file("b.png",NULL);
frame = gtk_frame_new("这是一幅完整的图像");
image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pixbuf);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);
pix1 = gdk_pixbuf_new_subpixbuf(pixbuf,280,40,40,40);
frame = gtk_frame_new("从上图中分割出来的一幅图像");
image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix1);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
pix2 =gdk_pixbuf_new_from_inline(22400+24,pieces_inline,TRUE,NULL);
frame = gtk_frame_new("内建的一幅图像");
image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix2);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
pix3 = gdk_pixbuf_new_subpixbuf(pix2,120,20,20,20);
frame = gtk_frame_new("从内建图像中分割出来的一幅图像");
image = gtk_image_new_from_pixbuf(pix3);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),image);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 32.固定调节数值的按钮:gtk_spin_button_new_with_range
/* 滚动按钮 spin.c */
#include
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* vbox;
GtkWidget* frame;
GtkWidget* spin;
GtkWidget* label;
GtkWidget* vvbox;
GtkWidget *hbox,*vbox1,*vbox2,*vbox3;
GtkAdjustment* adj1;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"滚动按钮");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),vbox);
frame = gtk_frame_new("日历");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
hbox = gtk_hbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),hbox);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(hbox),10);
vbox1 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox1,TRUE,TRUE,5);
label = gtk_label_new("年：");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox1),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);
spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(2019,2100,1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox1),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2);
vbox2 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox2,TRUE,TRUE,5);
label = gtk_label_new("月：");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox2),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);
spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(1,12,1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox2),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2);
vbox3 = gtk_vbox_new(TRUE,0);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(hbox),vbox3,TRUE,TRUE,5);
label = gtk_label_new("日：");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox3),label,FALSE,FALSE,2);
spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(1,31,1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox3),spin,FALSE,FALSE,2);
frame = gtk_frame_new(NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox),frame,FALSE,FALSE,5);
vvbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),vvbox);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(vvbox),10);
label = gtk_label_new("第一个滚动按钮,\n显示整数,范围: 0 - 100");
adj1 = (GtkAdjustment *) gtk_adjustment_new (50.0, 0.0, 100.0, 1.0, 5.0, 5.0);
spin = gtk_spin_button_new(adj1,5,1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),spin,FALSE,FALSE,3);
label = gtk_label_new("第二个滚动按钮,\n显示浮点数,范围: 0.1 - 1.50");
spin = gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(0,9.9,0.1);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),label,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vvbox),spin,FALSE,FALSE,3);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
}
33.分隔面板：gtk_hpanel_new，gtk_vpanel_new（未编译）
/* 分隔面板 panel.c */
#include
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *panel;
GtkWidget *panel1;
GtkWidget *button1;
GtkWidget *button2;
GtkWidget *button3;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"分隔面板测试程序");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
panel = gtk_hpanel_new();
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),panel);
gtk_widget_show(panel);
button1 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮一");
gtk_panel_add1(GTK_PANEL(panel),button1);
gtk_widget_show(button1);
panel1 = gtk_vpanel_new();
gtk_panel_add2(GTK_PANEL(panel),panel1);
gtk_widget_show(panel1);
button2 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮二");
gtk_panel_add1(GTK_PANEL(panel1),button2);
gtk_widget_show(button2);
button3 = gtk_button_new_with_label("按钮三");
gtk_panel_add2(GTK_PANEL(panel1),button3);
gtk_widget_show(button3);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 34.会话窗口：gtk_button_new_from_stock
共四种：
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_INFO，
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_ERROR，
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_QUESTION，
GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_WARNING
/* 消息对话框测试程序 message.c*/
#include
static void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget* button,gint data)
{
GtkWidget* dialog ;
GtkMessageType type ;
gchar *message;
switch((int)data)
{
case 1 :
message = "这是一个信息提示对话框．";
type = GTK_MESSAGE_INFO ; break;
case 2 :
message = "这是一个错误提示对话框．";
type = GTK_MESSAGE_ERROR ; break;
case 3 :
message = "这是一个问题提示对话框．";
type = GTK_MESSAGE_QUESTION ; break;
case 4 :
message = "这是一个警告提示对话框．";
type = GTK_MESSAGE_WARNING ; break;
}
//
dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL,
GTK_DIALOG_MODAL | GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT,
type ,
GTK_BUTTONS_OK,
message);
gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);
}
int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget* window;
GtkWidget* frame;
GtkWidget* box;
GtkWidget* button1;
GtkWidget* button2;
GtkWidget* button3;
GtkWidget* button4;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"创建消息框");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"destroy",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),20);
frame = gtk_frame_new("四种消息对话框：");
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),frame);
box = gtk_hbox_new(TRUE,0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(frame),box);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(box),20);
button1= gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_INFO);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button1,FALSE,FALSE,5);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button1),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)1);
button2 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_ERROR);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button2,FALSE,FALSE,5);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button2),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)2);
button3 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_QUESTION);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button3,FALSE,FALSE,5);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button3),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)3);
button4 = gtk_button_new_from_stock(GTK_STOCK_DIALOG_WARNING);
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(box),button4,FALSE,FALSE,5);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button4),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),(gpointer)4);
gtk_widget_show_all(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
35.字体选择：gtk_font_selection_dialog_new
/* 选择字体 fontsel.c */
#include
void on_font_select_ok (GtkWidget *button,GtkFontSelectionDialog *fs)
{
GtkWidget *dialog;
gchar message[1024];
gchar *s = gtk_font_selection_dialog_get_font_name(fs);
sprintf(message,"你选择的字体是：%s \n",s);
dialog = gtk_message_dialog_new(NULL,
GTK_DIALOG_DESTROY_WITH_PARENT,
GTK_MESSAGE_INFO,
GTK_BUTTONS_OK,
message,
NULL);
g_free(s);
gtk_widget_destroy(GTK_WIDGET(fs));
gtk_dialog_run(GTK_DIALOG(dialog));
gtk_widget_destroy(dialog);
}
void on_button_clicked (GtkWidget *button,gpointer userdata)
{
GtkWidget* dialog ;
dialog = gtk_font_selection_dialog_new("请选择一种字体：");
gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(dialog),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(dialog),"destroy",
GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_widget_destroy),&dialog);
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->ok_button),
"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(on_font_select_ok),
GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog));
gtk_signal_connect_object(GTK_OBJECT(GTK_FONT_SELECTION_DIALOG(dialog)->cancel_button),
"clicked",GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(gtk_widget_destroy),
GTK_OBJECT(dialog));
gtk_widget_show(dialog);
}
int main ( int argc , char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window),"delete_event",
G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit),NULL);
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"字体选择功能实现");
gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),500,100);
//gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window),40);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label("按下此按钮来选择字体");
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(button),"clicked",
G_CALLBACK(on_button_clicked),NULL);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button);
gtk_widget_show(button);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 
36.几个画图的骚操作：gtk_drawing_area_new
先给出三个例子的效果：
代码1效果
代码2效果
代码3效果
代码1
/* 绘图软件 brush.c */
#include
#include
#include
static GtkWidget *window = NULL;
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
char FN[250]={"layer.txt"};
int nx=300;
int nz=300;
static gboolean scribble_configure_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventConfigure *event,gpointer data)
{
if (pixmap)
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (pixmap));
pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new (widget->window,
widget->allocation.width,
widget->allocation.height,-1);
gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,widget->style->white_gc,
TRUE,0,0,widget->allocation.width,
widget->allocation.height);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_expose_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{
gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,
widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],
pixmap,
event->area.x, event->area.y,
event->area.x, event->area.y,
event->area.width, event->area.height);
return FALSE;
}
static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y)
{
GdkRectangle update_rect;
update_rect.x = x - 3;
update_rect.y = y - 3;
update_rect.width = 6;
update_rect.height = 6;
gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,
widget->style->black_gc,
TRUE,
update_rect.x, update_rect.y,
update_rect.width, update_rect.height);
gdk_window_invalidate_rect (widget->window,
&update_rect,
FALSE);
}
static gboolean scribble_button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventButton *event,gpointer data)
{
if (pixmap == NULL)
return FALSE;
if (event->button == 1)
{
draw_brush (widget, event->x, event->y);
printf("x=%.2f, z=%.2f\n", event->x, event->y*5.0);
}
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean scribble_motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget,GdkEventMotion *event,gpointer data)
{
int x, y;
GdkModifierType state;
if (pixmap == NULL)
return FALSE;
gdk_window_get_pointer (event->window, &x, &y, &state);
if (state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK)
draw_brush (widget, x, y);
return TRUE;
}
static gboolean checkerboard_expose (GtkWidget *da, GdkEventExpose *event,gpointer data)
{
gint i, j, xcount, ycount;
GdkGC *gc1, *gc2;
GdkColor color;
#define CHECK_SIZE 10
#define SPACING 2
gc1 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);
color.red = 30000;
color.green = 0;
color.blue = 30000;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc1, &color);
gc2 = gdk_gc_new (da->window);
color.red = 65535;
color.green = 65535;
color.blue = 65535;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color (gc2, &color);
xcount = 0;
i = SPACING;
while (i < da->allocation.width)
{
j = SPACING;
ycount = xcount % 2;
while (j < da->allocation.height)
{
GdkGC *gc;
if (ycount % 2)
gc = gc1;
else
gc = gc2;
gdk_draw_rectangle (da->window, gc, TRUE,
i, j, CHECK_SIZE, CHECK_SIZE);
j += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;
++ycount;
}
i += CHECK_SIZE + SPACING;
++xcount;
}
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc1));
g_object_unref (G_OBJECT (gc2));
return TRUE;
}
void writeTXT( GtkWidget *widget, gpointer data )
{
FILE *fp=fopen(FN,"w");
fprintf(fp,"rongtao\n");
fclose(fp);
g_print ("Write txt done.\n ");
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int main (int argc,char* argv[])
{
GtkWidget *frame;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *da;
GtkWidget *label;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "绘图软件");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT(window), "delete_event",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 8);
gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (vbox), 8);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
label = gtk_label_new (NULL);
gtk_label_set_markup (GTK_LABEL (label),"绘图区域");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), label, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
frame = gtk_frame_new (NULL);
gtk_frame_set_shadow_type (GTK_FRAME (frame), GTK_SHADOW_IN);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
da = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
gtk_widget_set_size_request (da, nx, nz);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), da);
g_signal_connect (da, "expose_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_expose_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (da, "configure_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_configure_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (da, "motion_notify_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_motion_notify_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (da, "button_press_event",
G_CALLBACK (scribble_button_press_event), NULL);
gtk_widget_set_events (da, gtk_widget_get_events (da)
| GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK
| GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK
| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK
| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Hello");
g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (button), "clicked", G_CALLBACK (writeTXT), NULL);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX(vbox), button, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show_all (window);
gtk_main();
return FALSE;
} 代码2
#include
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
GdkGC *my_gc_red;
GdkColor color;
int my_configure_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventConfigure *event)
{
if(pixmap)
g_object_unref(pixmap);
pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window ,
widget->allocation.width ,
widget->allocation.height ,
-1);
gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap , widget->style->white_gc ,
TRUE , 0 , 0 ,
widget->allocation.width ,
widget->allocation.height);
my_gc_red = gdk_gc_new(widget->window);
color.red = 30000;
color.green = 0;
color.blue = 30000;
gdk_gc_set_rgb_fg_color(my_gc_red , &color);
return 0;
}
int my_expose_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventExpose *event , gpointer data)
{
gdk_draw_drawable(widget->window ,
widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE(widget)] ,
pixmap , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 ,
widget->allocation.width ,
widget->allocation.height);
return 0;
}
int my_draw(GtkWidget *widget , double x , double y , int type)
{
switch(type){
case 1:
gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap ,
widget->style->black_gc ,
FALSE ,
x , y , 10 , 10);
gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget ,
x , y , 10 , 10);
break;
case 2:
gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap ,
my_gc_red ,
TRUE ,
x , y , 15 , 15);
gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget ,
x , y , 15 , 15);
break;
case 3:
gdk_draw_line(pixmap , my_gc_red ,
x , y , x + 15 , y - 15);
gtk_widget_queue_draw_area(widget ,
x , y - 15 , 15 , 15);
break;
default:
printf("....\n");
break;
}
return 0;
}
int my_button_press_event(GtkWidget *widget , GdkEventButton *event)
{
my_draw(widget , event->x , event->y , event->button);
printf("x=%lf y=%lf\n" , event->x , event->y);
return 0;
}
int my_clear(GtkWidget *widget , GtkWidget *area)
{
gdk_draw_rectangle(pixmap ,
area->style->white_gc ,
TRUE , 0 , 0 ,
area->allocation.width ,
area->allocation.height);
gtk_widget_queue_draw(area);
return 0;
}
int my_quit(GtkWidget *widget , gpointer data)
{
gtk_main_quit();
return 0;
}
int main(int argc , char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *drawing_area;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *bt_clear;
GtkWidget *bt_quit;
gtk_init(&argc , &argv);
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_name(window , "Test drawing_area");
gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 200);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2);
gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE , 0);
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , vbox);
gtk_widget_show(vbox);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(window) , "destroy" ,
G_CALLBACK(my_quit) , NULL);
drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new();
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , drawing_area , TRUE , TRUE , 0);
gtk_widget_show(drawing_area);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "configure_event" ,
G_CALLBACK(my_configure_event) , NULL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "expose_event" ,
G_CALLBACK(my_expose_event) , NULL);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(drawing_area) , "button_press_event" ,
G_CALLBACK(my_button_press_event) , NULL);
gtk_widget_set_events(drawing_area , GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK);
bt_clear = gtk_button_new_with_label("clear");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , bt_clear , FALSE , FALSE , 0);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(bt_clear) , "clicked" ,
G_CALLBACK(my_clear) , drawing_area);
gtk_widget_show(bt_clear);
bt_quit = gtk_button_new_with_label("quit");
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox) , bt_quit , FALSE , FALSE , 0);
g_signal_connect(G_OBJECT(bt_quit) , "clicked" ,
G_CALLBACK(my_quit) , window);
gtk_widget_show(bt_quit);
gtk_widget_show(window);
gtk_main();
return 0;
}
代码3
/* GTK - The GIMP Toolkit
* Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the
* Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
* Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*/
/*
* Modified by the GTK+ Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
* file for a list of people on the GTK+ Team. See the ChangeLog
* files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
* GTK+ at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
*/
//#include
#include
#include "gtk/gtk.h"
/* Backing pixmap for drawing area */
static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL;
/* Information about cursor */
static gint cursor_proximity = TRUE;
static gdouble cursor_x;
static gdouble cursor_y;
/* Unique ID of current device */
static GdkDevice *current_device;
/* Erase the old cursor, and/or draw a new one, if necessary */
static void
update_cursor (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y)
{
static gint cursor_present = 0;
gint state = !current_device->has_cursor && cursor_proximity;
if (pixmap != NULL)
{
if (cursor_present && (cursor_present != state ||
x != cursor_x || y != cursor_y))
{
gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,
widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],
pixmap,
cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5,
cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5,
10, 10);
}
cursor_present = state;
cursor_x = x;
cursor_y = y;
if (cursor_present)
{
gdk_draw_rectangle (widget->window,
widget->style->black_gc,
TRUE,
cursor_x - 5, cursor_y -5,
10, 10);
}
}
}
/* Create a new backing pixmap of the appropriate size */
static gint
configure_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventConfigure *event)
{
if (pixmap)
g_object_unref (pixmap);
pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window,
widget->allocation.width,
widget->allocation.height,
-1);
gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap,
widget->style->white_gc,
TRUE,
0, 0,
widget->allocation.width,
widget->allocation.height);
return TRUE;
}
/* Refill the screen from the backing pixmap */
static gint
expose_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventExpose *event)
{
gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window,
widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)],
pixmap,
event->area.x, event->area.y,
event->area.x, event->area.y,
event->area.width, event->area.height);
return FALSE;
}
/* Draw a rectangle on the screen, size depending on pressure,
and color on the type of device */
static void
draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, GdkInputSource source,
gdouble x, gdouble y, gdouble pressure)
{
GdkGC *gc;
GdkRectangle update_rect;
switch (source)
{
case GDK_SOURCE_MOUSE:
gc = widget->style->dark_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)];
break;
case GDK_SOURCE_PEN:
gc = widget->style->black_gc;
break;
case GDK_SOURCE_ERASER:
gc = widget->style->white_gc;
break;
default:
gc = widget->style->light_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)];
}
update_rect.x = x - 10 * pressure;
update_rect.y = y - 10 * pressure;
update_rect.width = 20 * pressure;
update_rect.height = 20 * pressure;
gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, gc, TRUE,
update_rect.x, update_rect.y,
update_rect.width, update_rect.height);
gtk_widget_queue_draw_area (widget,
update_rect.x, update_rect.y,
update_rect.width, update_rect.height);
gdk_window_process_updates (widget->window, TRUE);
}
static guint32 motion_time;
static void
print_axes (GdkDevice *device, gdouble *axes)
{
int i;
if (axes)
{
g_print ("%s ", device->name);
for (i=0; inum_axes; i++)
g_print ("%g ", axes[i]);
g_print ("\n");
}
}
static gint
button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventButton *event)
{
current_device = event->device;
cursor_proximity = TRUE;
if (event->button == 1 && pixmap != NULL)
{
gdouble pressure = 0.5;
print_axes (event->device, event->axes);
gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure);
draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure);
motion_time = event->time;
}
update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y);
return TRUE;
}
static gint
key_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventKey *event)
{
if ((event->keyval >= 0x20) && (event->keyval <= 0xFF))
printf("I got a %c\n", event->keyval);
else
printf("I got some other key\n");
return TRUE;
}
static gint
motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventMotion *event)
{
GdkTimeCoord **events;
int n_events;
int i;
current_device = event->device;
cursor_proximity = TRUE;
if (event->state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK && pixmap != NULL)
{
if (gdk_device_get_history (event->device, event->window,
motion_time, event->time,
&events, &n_events))
{
for (i=0; idevice, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_X, &x);
gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_Y, &y);
gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure);
draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, x, y, pressure);
print_axes (event->device, events[i]->axes);
}
gdk_device_free_history (events, n_events);
}
else
{
double pressure = 0.5;
gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure);
draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure);
}
motion_time = event->time;
}
if (event->is_hint)
gdk_device_get_state (event->device, event->window, NULL, NULL);
print_axes (event->device, event->axes);
update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y);
return TRUE;
}
/* We track the next two events to know when we need to draw a
cursor */
static gint
proximity_out_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventProximity *event)
{
cursor_proximity = FALSE;
update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y);
return TRUE;
}
static gint
leave_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventCrossing *event)
{
cursor_proximity = FALSE;
update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y);
return TRUE;
}
void
input_dialog_destroy (GtkWidget *w, gpointer data)
{
*((GtkWidget **)data) = NULL;
}
void
create_input_dialog (void)
{
static GtkWidget *inputd = NULL;
if (!inputd)
{
inputd = gtk_input_dialog_new ();
g_signal_connect (inputd, "destroy",
G_CALLBACK (input_dialog_destroy), &inputd);
g_signal_connect_swapped (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->close_button,
"clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_hide),
inputd);
gtk_widget_hide (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->save_button);
gtk_widget_show (inputd);
}
else
{
if (!GTK_WIDGET_MAPPED(inputd))
gtk_widget_show(inputd);
else
gdk_window_raise(inputd->window);
}
}
void
quit (void)
{
gtk_main_quit ();
}
int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *drawing_area;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *button;
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);
current_device = gdk_device_get_core_pointer ();
window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
gtk_widget_set_name (window, "Test Input");
gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 320);
gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2);
gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE);
vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0);
gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox);
gtk_widget_show (vbox);
g_signal_connect (window, "destroy",
G_CALLBACK (quit), NULL);
/* Create the drawing area */
drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200);
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), drawing_area, TRUE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show (drawing_area);
/* Signals used to handle backing pixmap */
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "expose_event",
G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "configure_event",
G_CALLBACK (configure_event), NULL);
/* Event signals */
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "motion_notify_event",
G_CALLBACK (motion_notify_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "button_press_event",
G_CALLBACK (button_press_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "key_press_event",
G_CALLBACK (key_press_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "leave_notify_event",
G_CALLBACK (leave_notify_event), NULL);
g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "proximity_out_event",
G_CALLBACK (proximity_out_event), NULL);
gtk_widget_set_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXPOSURE_MASK
| GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK
| GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK
| GDK_KEY_PRESS_MASK
| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK
| GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK
| GDK_PROXIMITY_OUT_MASK);
/* The following call enables tracking and processing of extension
events for the drawing area */
gtk_widget_set_extension_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXTENSION_EVENTS_ALL);
GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (drawing_area, GTK_CAN_FOCUS);
gtk_widget_grab_focus (drawing_area);
/* .. And create some buttons */
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Input Dialog");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
g_signal_connect (button, "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (create_input_dialog), NULL);
gtk_widget_show (button);
button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit");
gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
g_signal_connect_swapped (button, "clicked",
G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy),
window);
gtk_widget_show (button);
gtk_widget_show (window);
gtk_main ();
return 0;
} 最后寄语
希望在座各位在学习的道路上越走越远，完成从入门到放弃的质的转变。