selenium+headless chrome爬虫

      python爬虫写起来非常快，虽然也可以用java，但是没有python来的简洁迅速

      selenium在前面总结过，是一个自动化测试库。headless chrome是无界面的浏览器模式，和PHANTOMJS类似。但是PHANTOMJS往往会出现莫名的错误，而且速度没有headless chrome快

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

global DRIVER
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
    
DRIVER = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)

        爬虫的代码有一点需要注意，需要操作事件的时候最好不要直接用相应的方法，比如click。最好嵌入js脚本的方式进行调用。因为爬虫的代码执行速度很快，前端元素结构往往反应不过来，从而找出元素不可见或者不存在的错误。

        

province_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-province").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")

#province_item.click()
DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',province_item)

          下面来个例子，由于做电商平台，省、市、区的数据很好找，但是没有镇、街道的信息。这里通过爬虫从淘宝网将镇，街道的信息抓取下来

      

#! /usr/local/bin/python
# encoding: utf-8

'''
Created on 2018年1月5日

@author: wulinfeng
@date: 2018-1-5
'''

import time
#import request
from selenium import webdriver
#from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import pymysql

def init_db():
    global CONNECTION 
    CONNECTION = pymysql.connect("地址","用户名","密码","数据库" ,use_unicode=True, charset="utf8")

def init_web_driver():
    global DRIVER
    #DRIVER = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='C:\phantomjs-1.9.2-windows\phantomjs.exe')
    #DRIVER.set_window_size(1920, 1080)
    '''   
    dcap = dict(DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS)

    dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent"] = (
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 "
        "(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.116 Safari/537.36"
    )
    
    dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.viewportSize"] = (
        "width: 1920, "
        "height: 1080"
    )
    
    DRIVER = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='C:\phantomjs-1.9.2-windows\phantomjs.exe',desired_capabilities=dcap)
    DRIVER.set_window_size(1920, 1080)
    '''
    
    chrome_options = Options()
    chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
    chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
    
    DRIVER = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
    
    #DRIVER=webdriver.Ie()
    #DRIVER=webdriver.Chrome()

def close_db():
    CONNECTION.close()        
    
def close_web_driver():
    DRIVER.quit() 
    
def login_taobao(username, password):
    DRIVER.get("https://member1.taobao.com/member/fresh/deliver_address.htm?spm=a1z08.2.0.0.7dad47611Wnj46")
    #DRIVER.get("https://login.taobao.com/member/login.jhtml?spm=a21bo.2017.201864-2.d1.7d2082a4FxukGr&f=top&redirectURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taobao.com%2F")
    #选择登陆方式
    DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"J_Quick2Static\"]").click()

    #登陆
    input_user = DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"TPL_username_1\"]")
    input_user.clear()
    input_user.send_keys(username)
    
    DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"TPL_password_1\"]").send_keys(password)
    DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"J_SubmitStatic\"]").click();
    
    time.sleep(0.5)
    
def get_data():
    #点击地址选择
    #DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"city-title\"]").click()
    city_title = DRIVER.find_element_by_id("city-title")
    DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',city_title)
    
    get_province_and_sub()
    
def get_province_and_sub():
    #获得省列表
    province_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-province").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
    
    for province_item in province_items:
        pid = province_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
        pname = province_item.get_attribute("title");
        if pid == "-1":
            print("continue province")
            continue
        
        sql = "insert into region_province_t (province_id,province) values('"+pid+"','"+pname+"')"
        print(sql)  
        cursor = CONNECTION.cursor()
        cursor.execute(sql)
        CONNECTION.commit()
        
        #province_item.click()
        DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',province_item)
        time.sleep(0.5)
        
        get_city_and_sub(pid)
        back_tab(0) 
    
def get_city_and_sub(pid):
    #获得市列表
    city_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-city").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
    for city_item in city_items:
        cid = city_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
        cname = city_item.get_attribute("title");
        if cid == "-1":
            print("continue city")
            continue
    
        sql = "insert into region_city_t (city_id,city,province_id) values('"+cid+"','"+cname+"','"+pid+"')"
        print(sql)  
        cursor = CONNECTION.cursor()
        cursor.execute(sql)
        CONNECTION.commit()
        
        #city_item.click()
        DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',city_item)
        time.sleep(1)
        
        get_area_and_sub(cid)
        back_tab(1)
        
def get_area_and_sub(cid):
    #获得县区列表
    area_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-district").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
    for area_item in area_items:
        aid = area_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
        aname = area_item.get_attribute("title");
        if aid == "-1":
            print("continue area")
            continue
        
        sql = "insert into region_area_t (area_id,area,city_id) values('"+aid+"','"+aname+"','"+cid+"')"
        print(sql)  
        cursor = CONNECTION.cursor()
        cursor.execute(sql)
        CONNECTION.commit()
        
        #area_item.click()
        DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',area_item)
        time.sleep(0.5)
        
        get_town_and_sub(aid)
        back_tab(2)
        
    
def get_town_and_sub(aid):
    #获得镇列表
    town_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-street").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")
    for town_item in town_items:
        tid = town_item.get_attribute("attr-id");
        tname = town_item.get_attribute("title");
        if tid == "-1":
            print("continue town")
            continue
        
        sql = "insert into region_town_t (town_id,town,area_id) values('"+tid+"','"+tname+"','"+aid+"')"
        print(sql)  
        cursor = CONNECTION.cursor()
        cursor.execute(sql)
        CONNECTION.commit()
        
def back_tab(index):
    districtEle = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-select-tab").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")[index]
    DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',districtEle)
    time.sleep(0.5)
    
init_db()
init_web_driver()
login_taobao("用户名", "密码")
get_data()
close_db()
close_web_driver()