6.Insert Documents-官方文档摘录

总结

1.插入单文档

db.inventory.insertOne(
   { item: "canvas", qty: 100, tags: ["cotton"], size: { h: 28, w: 35.5, uom: "cm" } }
)

db.inventory.find({item:"canvas"})

2.插入多文档

db.inventory.insertMany([
   { item: "journal", qty: 25, tags: ["blank", "red"], size: { h: 14, w: 21, uom: "cm" } },
   { item: "mat", qty: 85, tags: ["gray"], size: { h: 27.9, w: 35.5, uom: "cm" } },
   { item: "mousepad", qty: 25, tags: ["gel", "blue"], size: { h: 19, w: 22.85, uom: "cm" } }
])
# 返回多行
db.inventory.find({})

This page provides examples of insert operations in MongoDB.

CREATING A COLLECTION

If the collection does not currently exist, insert operations will create the collection.

Insert a Single Document

New in version 3.2.

db.collection.insertOne() inserts a single document into a collection.

The following example inserts a new document into the inventory collection. If the document does not specify an _id field, MongoDB adds the _id field with an ObjectId value to the new document. See Insert Behavior.

Copy

db.inventory.insertOne( { item: "canvas", qty: 100, tags: ["cotton"], size: { h: 28, w: 35.5, uom: "cm" } } ) 

You can run the operation in the web shell below:

insertOne() returns a document that includes the newly inserted document’s _id field value. For an example of a return document, see db.collection.insertOne() reference.

To retrieve the document that you just inserted, query the collection:

Copy

db.inventory.find( { item: "canvas" } ) 

Insert Multiple Documents

New in version 3.2.

db.collection.insertMany() can insert multiple documents into a collection. Pass an array of documents to the method.

The following example inserts three new documents into the inventory collection. If the documents do not specify an _id field, MongoDB adds the _id field with an ObjectId value to each document. See Insert Behavior.

Copy

db.inventory.insertMany([ { item: "journal", qty: 25, tags: ["blank", "red"], size: { h: 14, w: 21, uom: "cm" } }, { item: "mat", qty: 85, tags: ["gray"], size: { h: 27.9, w: 35.5, uom: "cm" } }, { item: "mousepad", qty: 25, tags: ["gel", "blue"], size: { h: 19, w: 22.85, uom: "cm" } } ]) 

You can run the operation in the web shell below:

insertMany() returns a document that includes the newly inserted documents _id field values. See thereference for an example.

To retrieve the inserted documents, query the collection:

Copy

db.inventory.find( {} ) 

Insert Behavior

Collection Creation

If the collection does not currently exist, insert operations will create the collection.

_id Field

In MongoDB, each document stored in a collection requires a unique _id field that acts as a primary key. If an inserted document omits the _id field, the MongoDB driver automatically generates an ObjectId for the _idfield.

This also applies to documents inserted through update operations with upsert: true.

Atomicity

All write operations in MongoDB are atomic on the level of a single document. For more information on MongoDB and atomicity, see Atomicity and Transactions

Write Acknowledgement

With write concerns, you can specify the level of acknowledgement requested from MongoDB for write operations. For details, see Write Concern.

SEE ALSO

• db.collection.insertOne()
• db.collection.insertMany()
• Additional Methods for Inserts