iOS技术文档No.2 AppKit_NSLayoutAnchor

简介

NSLayoutAnchor API是iOS9版本引入,不仅让约束声明更加清晰明了，而且还通过静态类型检查以确保约束能够正常工作,

其实是一个工厂类,类似NSNumber这样的设计思想.

NSLayoutAnchor用来创建NSLayoutConstraint对象,使用这些对象从而实现自动布局.

但是一般不会直接创建NSLayoutConstraint对象,而是用UIView(NSView)或者其子类,或者UILayoutGuide的某个anchor属性(比如centerXAnchor),

这些属性对应Auto Layout中主要的NSLayoutAttribute值(InterfaceBuilder下属性栏可以看到),所以也可以用NSLayoutAnchor子类创建这些NSLayoutAttribute值.
不过它的写法依旧有些复杂，真正在项目中推荐使用SDAutoLayout或者Masonry。

使用

UILayoutGuide *view_Guide = self.view.layoutMarginsGuide;
    /**
     左边黄色view
     */
    UIView *yellow_View = [[UIView alloc]init];
    yellow_View.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
    yellow_View.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
    [self.view addSubview:yellow_View];
    //左边距约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *yellowView_Leading = [yellow_View.leadingAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:view_Guide.leadingAnchor constant:10];
    //顶部约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *yellowView_Top = [yellow_View.topAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:view_Guide.topAnchor constant:84];
    //宽度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *yellowView_Width = [yellow_View.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100];
    //高度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *yellow_Height = [yellow_View.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100];
    [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[yellowView_Leading,yellowView_Top,yellow_Height,yellowView_Width]];
    
    yellowViewTopConstraint = yellowView_Top;
    
    
    /**
     居中的红色view
     */
    UIView *middleView = [[UIView alloc]init];
    middleView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    middleView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
    [self.view addSubview:middleView];
    //水平居中
    NSLayoutConstraint *middleView_CenterX = [middleView.centerXAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:view_Guide.centerXAnchor];
    //垂直居中
    NSLayoutConstraint *middleView_CenterY = [middleView.centerYAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:view_Guide.centerYAnchor];
    //宽度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *middleView_Width = [middleView.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100];
    //高度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *middleView_Height = [middleView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100];
    [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[middleView_CenterX,middleView_CenterY,middleView_Height,middleView_Width]];
    
/**
     * 创建一个与黄色view相聚10的蓝色view
     */
    UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc]init];
    blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    blueView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
    [self.view addSubview:blueView];
    //左边约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *blueView_Leading = [blueView.leadingAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:yellow_View.trailingAnchor constant:10];
    //顶部约束于黄色view顶部对齐
    NSLayoutConstraint *blueView_Top = [blueView.topAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:yellow_View.topAnchor];
    //宽度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *blueView_Width = [blueView.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100];
    //高度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *blueView_Height = [blueView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:100];
    [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[blueView_Leading,blueView_Top,blueView_Width,blueView_Height]];
    
    blueViewLeadConstraint = blueView_Leading;

    //创建一个执行动画按钮
    
    UIButton *btnAnimate = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [btnAnimate setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
    [btnAnimate setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [btnAnimate setTitle:@"执行动画" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [btnAnimate addTarget:self action:@selector(btnAnimateClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    btnAnimate.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
    [self.view addSubview:btnAnimate];
    //水平居中
    NSLayoutConstraint *btnAnimate_CenterX = [btnAnimate.centerXAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:view_Guide.centerXAnchor];
    //底部约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *btnAnimate_Bottom = [btnAnimate.bottomAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:view_Guide.bottomAnchor constant:-20];
    
    //宽度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *btnAnimate_Width = [btnAnimate.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:80];
    //高度约束
    NSLayoutConstraint *btnAnimate_Height = [btnAnimate.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:32];
    
    
    [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[btnAnimate_Height,btnAnimate_Width,btnAnimate_CenterX,btnAnimate_Bottom]];

- (void)btnAnimateClick:(UIButton *)sender
{
    
    [UIView animateKeyframesWithDuration:1 delay:0 options:UIViewKeyframeAnimationOptionRepeat animations:^{
        
        yellowViewTopConstraint.constant += 10;
        blueViewLeadConstraint.constant += 10;
        [self.view layoutIfNeeded];
        
        
    } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
        
        
    }];  
}

运行效果

运行效果.gif