树莓派raspberry pi 3b+设置网络（静态IP、配网关、添加路由）

ifconfig

查看网卡信息，记下网卡名称以及MAC地址。例如我的就是eth0，b8:27:eb:fa:9a:94

eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.106.128.51  netmask 255.255.248.0  broadcast 10.106.135.255
        inet6 fe80::ba27:ebff:fefa:9a94  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether b8:27:eb:fa:9a:94  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 39842  bytes 3755323 (3.5 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2920  bytes 1293812 (1.2 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 22  bytes 1204 (1.1 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 22  bytes 1204 (1.1 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

输入如下命令，编辑网络配置文件

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

添加如下内容，注意不要打错字了。

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static #静态IP模式
pre-up ifconfig eth0 hw ether b8:27:eb:fa:9a:94 #开机启用eth0这块网卡
address 10.106.128.51 #IP地址
netmask 255.255.248.0 #掩码
gateway 10.106.129.1 #网关
dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114 #DNS服务器地址，貌似在这里设置无效，后面还需要另外的设置

iface eth0 inet6 auto #设置ipv6

up route add -net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 gw 10.106.128.1 dev eth0 #用于添加固定路由

接着继续设置DNS

sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf

添加如下内容

nameserver 8.8.8.8

重启网络服务看是否报错

sudo service networking restart

不报错的话，最好再重启一遍机器，即可生效。

reboot