树莓派4B环境搭建及初步设置

1.将开启SSH功能的镜像写入SD卡

1.用SDFormatter格式化SD卡
2.用Win32DiskImager将下载好的镜像写入SD卡

2.设置开机自动连接WIFI

1.用读卡器读取SD卡,在boot分区下新建名为 wpa_supplicant.conf 的文件
2.在文件内写入以下内容:
country=CN
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
network={
	ssid="WiFi-A"
	psk="12345678"
	key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
	priority=1
}

network={
	ssid="WiFi-B"
	psk="12345678"
	key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
	priority=2
}
注:两个不同的wifi优先级设置相同可能会导致不能自动连接WiFi

树莓派开机自动连接WiFi后进入路由器配置界面查看树莓派IP,通过IP即可通过ssh连接树莓派。(此方法不再需要网线)

3.解决乱码问题

1.进入树莓派系统
2.输入 sudo raspi-config
3.语言设置为en_US.UTF-8
4.cd /etc/default/
5.sudo nano locale
6.将locale内键值对的值全部修改为en_US.UTF-8
7.sudo reboot

4.设置开机自动启动VNC

1.进入树莓派
2.sudo rapsi-config
3.开启vnc
4.sudo reboot
5.sudo nano /etc/init.d/vncserver
6.复制以下内容并保存:
		#!/bin/sh
		### BEGIN INIT INFO
		# Provides:          vncserver
		# Required-Start:    $local_fs
		# Required-Stop:     $local_fs
		# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
		# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
		# Short-Description: Start/stop vncserver
		### END INIT INFO
		 
		# More details see:
		# http://www.penguintutor.com/linux/vnc
		 
		### Customize this entry
		# Set the USER variable to the name of the user to start vncserver under
		export USER='pi'
		### End customization required
		 
		eval cd ~$USER
		 
		case "$1" in
		  start)
		    # 启动命令行。此处自定义分辨率、控制台号码或其它参数。
		    su $USER -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -depth 16 -geometry 1024x768 :1'
		    echo "Starting VNC server for $USER "
		    ;;
		  stop)
		    # 终止命令行。此处控制台号码与启动一致。
		    su $USER -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill :1'
		    echo "vncserver stopped"
		    ;;
		  *)
		    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/vncserver {start|stop}"
		    exit 1
		    ;;
		esac
		exit 0

7.sudo chmod 755 /etc/init.d/vncserver
8.添加开机启动项:sudo update-rc.d vncserver defaults
9.sudo reboot

安装opencv

参照:https://docs.opencv.org/4.2.0/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html
1.sudo apt-get update

2.sudo apt-get install build-essential
3.sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
4.sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
5.下载opencv源码,并通过FileZilla传输给树莓派
6.解压opencv源码至家目录下
7.cd ~
8.cd opencv
9.mkdir build
10.cd build
11.cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
12.make -j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel(如果失败则重复命令)
13.sudo make install(如果失败则重复命令)
14.opencv安装完成,测试:
		1.python3
		2.import cv2
		3.cv2.__version__
		4.若输出opencv版本号则安装成功

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