6问数据挖掘:什么是根本原因分析

What is root cause analysis?

什么是根本原因分析?

又到了考概念的时间啦,RCA根本原因分析,这道题目估计只有在考试的时候会出现哈。不过这个方法确实很奏效,我最近在做大数据研究一个通用算法的时候就是通过RCA方法解决的。

下面是一个wiki的定义根本原因分析:

 根本原因分析(RCA)是一项结构化的问题处理法,用以逐步找出问题的根本原因并加以解决, 而不是仅仅关注问题的表征。根本原因分析是一个系统化的问题处理过程,包括确定和分析问题原因,找出问题解决办法,并制定问题预防措施。在组织管理领域内,根本原因分析能够帮助利益相关者发现组织问题的症结,并找出根本性的解决方案。

通俗来说就是刨根问底。最开始的时候RCA是为了调查、分析工业事故而出现的,但是后来引申到了很多不同的行业和领域,例如健康行业、项目管理、还有软件测试当中。

最终,通过提出问题,不断地追问“到底为什么”,我们可以找到问题的最根本原因和找到导致问题产生原因之间的关系啦。这样的方法通常叫做“5 why”。见图:

6问数据挖掘:什么是根本原因分析_第1张图片

虽然例子看上去很逗逼,但是记住,遇到问题一个很好的解决方法就是追问。


According to Wikipedia wiki:

Root cause analysis (RCA) is a method of problem solving used for identifying the root causes of faults or problems. A factor is considered a root cause if removal thereof from the problem-fault-sequence prevents the final undesirable event from recurring; whereas a causal factor is one that affects an event’s outcome, but is not a root cause.

Root cause analysis was initially developed to analyze industrial accidents, but is now widely used in other areas, such as healthcare, project management, or software testing.

Here is a useful Root Cause Analysis Toolkit from the state of Minnesota.

Essentially, you can find the root cause of a problem and show the relationship of causes by repeatedly asking the question, “Why?”, until you find the root of the problem. This technique is commonly called “5 Whys”, although is can be involve more or less than 5 questions.

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