在IS-IS系统中
OSI给IS-IS定义了4个路由级别,即level-0到level-3
当IS要发送报文到另一个IS时,查看报文中的目的地址,发现其位于区域内的不同子网,则IS会选择最优的路径进行转发;如果目的地址在不同一个区域,则IS把数据转发到本区域内最近的level-1-2路由器上,然后由level-1-2路由器负责数据转发
Level-1路由器负责区域内的路由,它只维护一个level-1的LSDB,该LSDB包含本区域的路由信息,到区域外的报文转发给最近的level-1-2路由器;level-2路由器负责区域间的路由,它维护一个level-2的LSDB,该LSDB包含区域间的路由信息,所有level-2路由器和level-1-2路由器组成路由域的骨干网,负责不同区域间通信,骨干网必须是物理连续的;同时属于level-1和level-2的路由器称为level-1-2路由器,level-1-2路由器维护两个LSDB,level-1的LSDB用于区域内路由,level-2的LSDB用于区域间路由
NET(Network Entity Title,网络实体名称)指的是IS本身的网络层信息,不包括传输层信息,可以看作是一类特殊的NSAP,即NSEL为0的NSAP地址。NET的长度与NSAP相同,最多为20个字节,最少为8个字节
NSEL的作用类似于IP中的协议标识符,不同的传输对应不同的NSEL。在IP中,NSEL均为00
System ID用来在区域内唯一标识终端系统或路由器,它的长度固定为6字节。System ID的指定可以有不同的方法,但要保证能够唯一标识终端系统或路由器,一般System ID由Router ID或者MAC地址转换而成
例如,若NET为ab.cdef.1234.5678.9abc.00,则Area为ab.cdef,System ID为1234.5678.9.abc,NSEL为00
IS间建立邻居、交换路由信息所使用的Hello、LSP等协议报文,均直接承载在OSI数据链路帧中,而不像其他IGP由IP来承载
这些协议报文的格式是OSI报文格式,报文中含有OSI地址
在OSI体系结构中,使用OSI地址标识网络设备,建立拓扑信息,OSI地址采用NSAP地址格式
NSAP由IDP(Initial Domain Part)和DSP(Domain Specific Part)组成
IDP相当于IP地址中的网络号,DSP相当于IP地址中的子网络号和主机地址
dis isis peer //查看邻居关系
dis isis 1 brief //查看接口明细
dis isis interface g0/0/1 //查看接口详情
[Huawei] isis 1 //后面跟进程。默认不加就是1进程
[Huawei-isis-1] network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 //补足三位,然后4位分割
[Huawei-isis-1] is-level level-1 //根据网络结构配置IS-IS路由类型,这边有路由器类型
[Huawei-isis-1] int g0/0/1 //进接口
[Huawei-g0/0/1] isis enable //启动
isis 1
import-route rip 1 lever-1 //引入后变成L1信息 默认值
rip 1
import-route isis 1 cost 5 //对于rip的度量值是跳数
isis 1
import-route isis level-2 into level-1 //华为手册这个叫路由泄露
isis 1
summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2 //ABR汇总:域间路由汇总
isis 1
summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1 //ASBR汇总:不同协议间的路由汇总
[R1]dis cu
#
sysname R1
#
isis 1
is-level level-1 //将isis等级设置为1
network-entity 49.0001.0010.0100.1001.00 //宣告IP地址
#
firewall zone Local
priority 16
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 16.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 12.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1 //在接口内开启isis
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
isis enable 1
#
rip 1
undo summary
version 2
network 16.0.0.0
[R2]dis cu
#
sysname R2
#
isis 1
network-entity 49.0001.0020.0200.2002.00
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 23.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 12.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
isis enable 1
[R3]dis cu
#
sysname R3
#
isis 1
is-level level-2
network-entity 49.0000.0030.0300.3003.00
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 23.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 34.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
isis enable 1
[R4]dis cu
#
sysname R4
#
isis 1
network-entity 49.0002.0040.0400.4004.00
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 45.0.0.1 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 34.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
isis enable 1
[R5]dis cu
#
sysname R5
#
isis 1
is-level level-1
network-entity 49.0002.0050.0500.5005.00
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 45.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
isis enable 1
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255
isis enable 1
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 202.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
isis enable 1
#
interface LoopBack2
ip address 202.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
isis enable 1
[R6]dis cu
#
sysname R6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 16.0.0.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255
#
interface LoopBack1
ip address 203.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack2
ip address 203.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
undo summary
version 2
network 16.0.0.0
network 6.0.0.0
network 203.0.0.0
network 203.0.1.0
[R2]dis ip routing-table //用此命令查看
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 15 Routes : 15
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]import-route isis 1 cost 5 //将rip注入到isis中
[R1-rip-1]q
[R1]isis 1
[R1-isis-1]import-route rip 1 level-1 //将isis注入到rip中
[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 19 Routes : 19
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L2 15 10 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 23.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 20 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
203.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.1.1 LoopBack2
202.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
[R2]isis 1 //在R2路由中使用路由泄露功能
[R2-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1 //将isisL2的信息泄露成L1的信息
[R1]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 20 Routes : 20
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
5.5.5.5/32 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
6.6.6.6/32 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
45.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 12.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
203.0.0.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
[R6]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 20 Routes : 20
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
1.1.1.1/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
6.6.6.6/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 16.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 6 D 16.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 203.0.0.1 LoopBack1
203.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
203.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 203.0.1.1 LoopBack2
203.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
[R4]isis
[R4-isis-1]import-route isis level-2 into level-1
[R5]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 21 Routes : 21
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
1.1.1.1/32 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
2.2.2.2/32 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
3.3.3.3/32 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
4.4.4.4/32 ISIS-L1 15 10 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
5.5.5.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
6.6.6.6/32 ISIS-L1 15 104 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 40 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
16.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 104 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 30 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
34.0.0.0/30 ISIS-L1 15 20 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 45.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
45.0.0.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
202.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 202.0.1.1 LoopBack2
202.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
203.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 104 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 104 D 45.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 19 Routes : 19
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
。。。省略部分内容
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
202.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
203.0.1.0/24 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
[R4]isis
[R4-isis-1]summary 202.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1-2
[R1]isis
[R1-isis-1]summary 203.0.0.0 255.255.254.0 level-1
[R2]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 19 Routes : 19
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
。。。省略部分内容
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
202.0.0.0/23 ISIS-L2 15 30 D 23.0.0.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
203.0.0.0/23 ISIS-L1 15 74 D 12.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1