使用Nginx+FFMPEG搭建HLS直播转码服务器



目的:使Nginx支持Rtmp协议推流，并支持hls分发功能及FFMPEG转码多码率功能。

一、准备工作
模块:nginx-rtmp-module-master(支持rtmp协议)
下载地址:
http://nginx.org
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

1、安装依赖包:
#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64 gcc-c++

2、安装git工具:
#mkdir soft-source
#cd soft-source
#wget http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz
#tar xzvf git-latest.tar.gz 
#cd git-2013-02-04
#autoconf
#./configure
#make && make install
# git --version
git version 1.8.1.GIT
#cd ..

【错误处理】

如果 git-latest.tar.gz大小为0，请下载git-latest-tar.xz

然后xz -d git-latest.tar.xz解压为.tar

再tar xvf git-latest.tar

3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：
++++++++Yasm+++++++++++
#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#cd yasm-1.2.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++x264+++++++++++
#git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264
#cd x264
#./configure --enable-shared 
#make
#make install
#cd ..

++++++++LAME+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#cd lame-3.99.5
#./configure --enable-nasm
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libogg+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#cd libogg-1.3.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#cd libvorbis-1.3.3
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libvpx+++++++++++
#git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git
#cd libvpx
#./configure  --enable-shared
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#cd faad2-2.7
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++FAAC+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz
#cd faac-1.28
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..

【错误处理】

编译FAAC-1.28时遇到错误：

mpeg4ip.h:126: error: new declaration ‘char* strcasestr(const char*, const char*)’

解决方法：

从123行开始修改此文件mpeg4ip.h，到129行结束。
修改前：
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

修改后：
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C++" {
#endif
const char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

++++++++Xvid+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#cd xvidcore/build/generic
#./configure
#make
#make install
cd ../../../

++++++++ffmpeg+++++++++++
#git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg
#cd ffmpeg
#./configure  --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3  --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree  --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads
#make && make install
#cd ..
【错误处理】

如果提示libvpx decoder version must be >=0.91，请从Baidu搜索一下libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz下载。

bzip2 -d  libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz2

tar xvf  libvpx-v1.1.0.tar.bz2

cd libvpx-v1.1.0

./configure --enable-shared --enable-vp8

make

make install

修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/opt/ffmpeg/lib
#ldconfig

【说明】

动态装入器找到共享库要依靠两个文件 — /etc/ld.so.conf 和 /etc/ld.so.cache。

安装完成后，ffmpeg位于/opt/ffmpeg/bin目录下。

二、安装Nginx相关模块

1.环境准备

yum install –y pcre pcre-devel

yum install –y zlib zlib-devel

2.下载nginx及rtmp模块

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz

tar xzvf nginx_1.6.2.tar.gz

git clone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git

3.编译nginx-rtmp

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module --with-http_stub_status_module

make

make install

安装完成后，nginx位于/usr/local/nginx/sbin目录下，配置文件nginx.conf在/usr/local/nginx/conf目录下

++++++++测试nginx是否安装正确+++++++++++

#cd /usr/local/nginx

#./sbin/nginx -c ./conf/nginx.conf

打开网页http://localhost，如果显示Welcome表示安装下正确，如果没有显示，请查看一下nginx的日志。

++++++++测试RTMP+++++++++++

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下：

#debug
daemon off;
master_process off;

error_log ./error.log debug;
events{
    worker_connections 1024;
}

rtmp{
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4000;

        #live
        application myapp {
            live on;
      }

}

从网上下载一款RTMP推流工具，我使用的OBS（Open Broadcaster Software），开始推流rtmp://your_ip/myapp/test，使用播放器（http://www.cutv.com/demo/live_test.swf）查看是否正常。

++++++++测试HLS切片功能+++++++++++

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下：

#debug
daemon off;
master_process off;

error_log ./error.log debug;
events{
    worker_connections 1024;
}

rtmp{
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4000;

        #live
        application myapp {
            live on;
 
            hls on;
            hls_path /tmp/hls;
            hls_fragment 2s;
            hls_playlist_length 6s;

       }
    }
}

#HTTP
http{
    server {
        listen 80;

        #welcome
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #hls
        location /hls {
            types {
                application/vnd.apple.mpegusr m3u8;
                video/mp2t ts;
            }
            root /tmp;
            add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
        }  
    }
}

使用VLC或iPAD上的播放器进行查看 http://yourip/hls/test.m3u8。

++++++++测试FFMPEG转码功能+++++++++++

修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf的内容如下：

#debug
daemon off;
master_process off;

error_log ./error.log debug;
events{
    worker_connections 1024;
}

rtmp{
    server {
        listen 1935;
        chunk_size 4000;

        #live
        application myapp {
            live on;
 
           exec /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost/myapp/$name
             -c:a copy  -c:v libx264 -b:v 512K -g 30 -f flv rtmp://localhost/hls/$name_low;
        }
      
        application hls {

            live on;

            hls on;
            hls_path /tmp/hls;
            hls_nested on;
            hls_fragment 2s;
            hls_playlist_length 6s;

           hls_variant _hi  BANDWIDTH=640000;

        }
    }
}

#HTTP
http{
    server {
        listen 80;

        #welcome
        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #hls
        location /hls {
            types {
                application/vnd.apple.mpegusr m3u8;
                video/mp2t ts;
            }
            root /tmp;
            add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
        }  
    }
}

使用ffmpeg转码时，

exec /opt/ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i rtmp://localhost/myapp/$name
             -c:a copy  -c:v libx264 -b:v 512K -g 30 -f flv rtmp://localhost/hls/$name_low;

仅对视频进行转码，音频不做处理，同时向流从myapp转推到hls， hls_variant会生成一个多码率的m3u8文件，同时把切片文件存放到test_low目录下，访问多码率时，直接访问http://yourip/hls/test.m3u8，根据这个m3u8中的实现的内容访问相应的码流，在本例中，实际码流URL为http://yourip/hls/test_low/index.m3u8