Java Exception handle template

Java Exception handle template

如果我们想要准确是处理异常,不至于导致异常的丢失,往往要写很多的代码就行处理,例如:


    Input  input = null;
    IOException processException = null;
    try{
        input = new FileInputStream(fileName);

        //...process input stream...
    } catch (IOException e) {
        processException = e;
    } finally {
       if(input != null){
          try {
             input.close();
          } catch(IOException e){
             if(processException != null){
                throw new MyException(processException, e,
                  "Error message..." +
                  fileName);
             } else {
                throw new MyException(e,
                    "Error closing InputStream for file " +
                    fileName;
             }
          }
       }
       if(processException != null){
          throw new MyException(processException,
            "Error processing InputStream for file " +
                fileName;
    }

上面的代码是不是很难阅读,每调用一次读写人间的代码就会写一遍如上的异常处理的代码,简直就是噩梦。不过幸好我们有设计模式,我们可以使用模板模式进行处理


public abstract class InputStreamProcessingTemplate {

    public void process(String fileName){
        IOException processException = null;
        InputStream input = null;
        try{
            input = new FileInputStream(fileName);

            doProcess(input);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            processException = e;
        } finally {
           if(input != null){
              try {
                 input.close();
              } catch(IOException e){
                 if(processException != null){
                    throw new MyException(processException, e,
                      "Error message..." +
                      fileName);
                 } else {
                    throw new MyException(e,
                        "Error closing InputStream for file " +
                        fileName;
                 }
              }
           }
           if(processException != null){
              throw new MyException(processException,
                "Error processing InputStream for file " +
                    fileName;
        }
    }

    public abstract void doProcess(InputStream input) throws IOException;
}

我们只需要实现抽象方法 doProcess,然后调用process方法即可。


new InputStreamProcessingTemplate(){
        public void doProcess(InputStream input) throws IOException{
            int inChar = input.read();
            while(inChar !- -1){
                //do something with the chars...
            }
        }
    }.process("someFile.txt");
    

是不是干净清爽。

我们也可以使用接口的方式替代继承

public interface InputStreamProcessor {
    public void process(InputStream input) throws IOException;
}

public class InputStreamProcessingTemplate {

    public void process(String fileName, InputStreamProcessor processor){
        IOException processException = null;
        InputStream input = null;
        try{
            input = new FileInputStream(fileName);

            processor.process(input);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            processException = e;
        } finally {
           if(input != null){
              try {
                 input.close();
              } catch(IOException e){
                 if(processException != null){
                    throw new MyException(processException, e,
                      "Error message..." +
                      fileName;
                 } else {
                    throw new MyException(e,
                        "Error closing InputStream for file " +
                        fileName);
                 }
              }
           }
           if(processException != null){
              throw new MyException(processException,
                "Error processing InputStream for file " +
                    fileName;
        }
    }
}

调用的时候:

 new InputStreamProcessingTemplate()
        .process("someFile.txt", new InputStreamProcessor(){
            public void process(InputStream input) throws IOException{
                int inChar = input.read();
                while(inChar !- -1){
                    //do something with the chars...
                }
            }
        });
        

也可以使用静态方法处理;

public class InputStreamProcessingTemplate {

    public static void process(String fileName,
    InputStreamProcessor processor){
        IOException processException = null;
        InputStream input = null;
        try{
            input = new FileInputStream(fileName);

            processor.process(input);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            processException = e;
        } finally {
           if(input != null){
              try {
                 input.close();
              } catch(IOException e){
                 if(processException != null){
                    throw new MyException(processException, e,
                      "Error message..." +
                      fileName);
                 } else {
                    throw new MyException(e,
                        "Error closing InputStream for file " +
                        fileName;
                 }
              }
           }
           if(processException != null){
              throw new MyException(processException,
                "Error processing InputStream for file " +
                    fileName;
        }
    }
}


InputStreamProcessingTemplate.process("someFile.txt",
        new InputStreamProcessor(){
            public void process(InputStream input) throws IOException{
                int inChar = input.read();
                while(inChar !- -1){
                    //do something with the chars...
                }
            }
        });
        
        

总结:

异常处理模板是一个简单而强大的机制,可以提高代码的质量和可读性。 它也提高了你的生产力,因为你写的代码要少得多,而不用担心。 异常由模板处理。 而且,如果您稍后在开发过程中需要改进异常处理,则只能在单个位置更改它:异常处理模板。

模板方法设计模式可以用于除异常处理之外的其他目的。 输入流的迭代也可以被放入模板中。 JDBC中的ResultSet的迭代可以放在一个模板中。 JDBC中的事务的正确执行可以放在一个模板中。 可能性是无止境的。

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